Wilhelm Jacobs (politician)

Anton Wilhelm Gerhard Jacobs (born May 26, 1883 in Burhave ; † May 10, 1966 in Oldenburg (Oldb) ) was a German teacher, school councilor and politician ( SPD ).

Live and act

Jacobs was the youngest son of a shoemaker and innkeeper and grew up in Neuchâtel from the age of six . From 1900 to 1904 he attended the Evangelical Teachers' College in Oldenburg and from 1904 to 1912 taught at the elementary schools in Elmeloh , Dangast , Bürstel , Altenhuntorf and Drielakermoor. From 1906 he was actively involved in the Oldenburg State Teachers' Association ( OLLV ) and - albeit initially very reluctantly - for the SPD, with which he was in close contact through Paul Hug and the Norddeutsche Volksblatt, which he founded . In the OLLV he was particularly committed to reforming religious education. In 1909 he became managing director of the religious conference of the OLLV and since 1910 of the Oldenburg Association for Evangelical Freedom .

Civic education and youth care were further focal points of his interest. His considerations on civic education essentially followed on from Georg Kerschensteiner and Berthold Otto , whereby Jacobs, in contrast to Kerschensteiner, saw the possibility of civic education also being implemented in regular elementary schools. In the course of the youth care decree of 1911, Jacobs made the teaching staff, in particular, obliged to take part in youth care measures and advocated lifting the ban on social democratic youth work. He presented his ideas at lectures in and outside of Oldenburg. In addition, he published, sometimes under changing pseudonyms (such as Monachus , Elimar Brook , Wilhelm Wedekind ), smaller articles on educational issues and local history, poems, fairy tales and children's stories in newspapers and magazines. From 1912 to 1914 he studied philosophy , education and political science in Leipzig , Berlin and Tübingen , among others with Wilhelm Wundt , Karl Lamprecht and Eduard Spranger . Then he was from 1914 to 1933 senior secondary school teacher in Oldenburg.

After the November Revolution in 1918, Jacobs was involved in the development of the adult education system in the state and in the city of Oldenburg as managing director of the state office for adult education centers and the district office for adult education centers in the city of Oldenburg. In this context, he worked closely with Bertha Ramsauer . At the same time, he continued to campaign for social and socio-educational issues within the framework of the State Office for Welfare Care and the Main Committee for Youth and Public Welfare of the OLLV . He was a member of the " Hohenrodter Bund " and was able to bring supra-regional experience to his work. For the SPD he was a member of the Oldenburg City Council from 1923 to 1933 and of the Oldenburg State Parliament from 1928 to 1933 . His main areas of work were school and cultural issues, school finances, but also topics of financial statistics and financial equalization. As a member of the theater committee, he participated in the affairs of the State Theater Oldenburg . As before the First World War , the results of his work flowed into a wide range of journalistic activities for newspapers and magazines. This was intensified when Jacobs founded and headed the press committee of the OLLV in 1928 and wrote as a reporter for the Allgemeine Deutsche Lehrerzeitung from 1928 to 1933 .

After the National Socialist state government took office in 1932, Jacobs was one of its sharpest critics in the state parliament. In January 1933, for example, he turned against the politically motivated dismissals of Oldenburg's Lord Mayor Theodor Goerlitz and the school councilor Wilhelm Stukenberg . In October 1933 he was dismissed from school service under the National Socialist law to restore the civil service and moved with his family to Sandkrug . From 1937 to 1942 he worked in the statistical office and the price authority for rents in the city of Oldenburg. From 1942 to 1944 he worked as a business economist for the main administration of Weser-Flugzeugbau-GmbH . In August 1944 he was arrested in the course of Aktion Gewitter and imprisoned for a week in the Farge labor education camp .

After the end of the Second World War , Jacobs was appointed as "politically unaffected" in May 1945 by the Prime Minister of the Free State of Oldenburg Theodor Tantzen to the school council of the Oldenburg district. Here he helped shape the difficult reconstruction of the school system due to the supply and refugee situation. On behalf of the Oldenburg State Ministry, he worked in 1947 on the zonal education council of the British occupation zone . From 1949 until his retirement in 1950, he represented the vacant position of the high school council in the school department of the state administrative district of Oldenburg. He continued his political and social work as a pensioner. From 1952 to 1964 he was a member of the Hatten municipal council and from 1956 to 1964 a member of the Oldenburg district council . As before, he was particularly interested in school, housing and financial issues.

Private

Jacobs was born with Margarete. married by Timourou (1890-1970), whose paternal line was Sulawesian descent, and had two daughters and two sons.

literature

• Jacobs, Anton Wilhelm Gerhard. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 344-346 ( online ).
• Günther-Arndt, Hilke (1991). Teacher training in Oldenburg 1945–1973. From the Pedagogical Academy to the University. Oldenburg: Holzberg.
• Günther-Arndt, Hilke (1983). Elementary school teacher and National Socialism. Oldenburg: Holzberg.
• Eckhardt, Albrecht; Wyrsch, Rudolf (2014). Oldenburg State Parliament 1848–1933 / 1946. Biographical-historical handbook for a German state parliament (pp. 293–295). Oldenburg: Isensee.
• Trüper, Hans-Georg (2009). The Timourou family, Indonesian genes on the Lower Weser. In: Journal for Low German Family Studies, Issues 3 and 4.