Wilhelm Kobelt (zoologist)

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Wilhelm Kobelt (before 1910)

Wilhelm Kobelt (born February 20, 1840 in Alsfeld , † March 16, 1916 in Schwanheim ) was a German doctor, professor, local researcher, author and zoologist , especially malacologist (molluscologist). In 1868 Kobelt was a co-founder of the German Malacoological Society in the Senckenberg Natural Research Society , of which he was an honorary member.

life and work

Wilhelm Kobelt came from a pastor's family. His father of the same name (* 1809, † 1874) headed the Alsfeld Latin School from 1839 to 1860, in which he also taught his son. A classmate and childhood friend was the later SdAP co- founder, educator and private scholar Samuel Spier , with whom he then moved to the grammar school in Gießen and also studied at the same place. Kobelt studied medicine at the University of Gießen, now named after Justus von Liebig , and received his doctorate there in 1862 with a thesis on cardiology . In addition to his studies, he had dealt with biological and zoological studies. After the state examination , he began his work as a practicing doctor in the Nassau city ​​of Biedenkopf . In 1866 he married Amalie Jüngst.

In 1869, at the age of 29, Kobelt moved to Schwanheim, which was also previously in Nassau, a village southwest of Frankfurt am Main with around 2,000 inhabitants. In the same year he joined the Frankfurt-based Senckenberg Natural Research Society. In Schwanheim Kobelt was - as a contract doctor for the Medical Association (local health insurance) - the first physician in private practice. Here he was nicknamed "Red Doctor" and "the Red Kobelt" because of his commitment to working class rights . In Schwanheim he founded, among other things, a workers' training association and a committee for public lectures; In addition, Kobelt was co-founder and chairman of the Rhine-Main Association for Popular Education .

As the medical profession was not fulfilling, Wilhelm Kobelt gave up his medical practice in 1880 at the age of 40. He then increasingly occupied himself with scientific studies and the history of Schwanheim. In 1888 Kobelt was the editor of the first chronicle of the village of Schwanheim; He is also the author of numerous articles on social and local politics that have been published in newspapers and magazines.

Wilhelm Kobelt also became a leading member of the Frankfurt Senckenbergische Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, and in 1905 he was awarded the title of Professor for his scientific merits . Thanks to Kobelt's commitment to the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt , it was able to build up a mollusc collection of international standing by the early 20th century . Wilhelm Kobelt died on March 16, 1916 at the age of 76 in his home in Schwanheim. He bequeathed the animal and plant collections he gathered on international research trips to the Senckenberg Society.

Recreation center initiated by Kobelt in the Schwanheim Forest, around 1910
Frankfurt memorial stone for Amalie and Wilhelm Kobelt on the Kobel chest
The Wilhelm-Kobelt-Haus houses the Schwanheimer Heimatmuseum and the district library

Kobel chest and Kobelt zoo

Since the end of the 19th century, Wilhelm Kobelt had been committed to the establishment of a public forest recreation area on the Schwanheimer Wiesen - an extensive pasture area in the forest south of the village of Schwanheim. In the summer of 1908, at Kobelt's suggestion, a forest recreation center for convalescents and invalids was set up on the northern edge of the right meadow of the Schwanheimer Wiesen . This followed the practice of setting up “climatic health resorts” close to settlements, which had been widespread since the beginning of the 20th century, at which convalescents could stay in the fresh air according to a doctor's prescription. From September 1908 the Schwanheim Ambulance Association was responsible for the facility . The facility consisted of an open shelter with benches and deck chairs, a drinking water pump well and several flower beds and was used all year round. With the outbreak of the First World War , operations were stopped.

After the deaths of Amalie and Wilhelm Kobelt, a forest rest area, the Kobel chest, was set up on the site of the former forest recreation site in the Frankfurt city forest on the Schwanheimer Wiesen . The center of the complex is a boulder erected as a memorial stone in 1921 on which an inscription commemorates the Kobelts; Information boards report on Kobelt's work and the history of the place.

In the year of Wilhelm Kobelt's death, his colleagues and friends founded the Biological Society Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Kobelt , who has been registered in the register of associations since 1954. The Frankfurt-Schwanheimer Kobelt Zoo emerged from the association in 1920 , located on the edge of the forest in the south of the town of Schwanheim. On December 20, 2011, a fire broke out in Kobelt Zoo in which over 100 birds perished.

Further honors

To commemorate Wilhelm Kobelt and his commitment to popular education and local history, the former Alt-Schwanheim school, which was built from 1827 to 1835 and which today houses the Schwanheim Local History Museum, was named Wilhelm-Kobelt-Haus . In addition, the street in the Schwanheim district where Kobelt's house was located bears his name (Wilhelm-Kobelt-Straße) .

Works (selection)

Malacology

  • The genus Crassatella, Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1886
  • The Bullidae, Bauer & Raspe family, Nuremberg 1896
  • The Columbellid family, Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1897
  • The genus Turritella, Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1897
  • Catalog of the pneumonopomes currently known to be alive together with Otto Franz von Möllendorf , separate reprint from the newsletter of the German Malacozoological Society (reprint), (Ed.): Hartmann Verlag / Schwanheim, 1899 Online
  • Cyclophoridae, Friedländer, Berlin 1902
  • The genus Paludina, Bauer & Raspe, Nuremberg 1909
  • The spread of the animal world, Tauchnitz, Leipzig 1920
  • Carlo von Erlanger : 1872–1904, Leinpfad-Verlag, Ingelheim 1997, ISBN 3-9805837-0-8

Local lore

  • Chronicle of the village of Schwanheim am Main, 1888
  • Agricultural questions and answers, on behalf of the advanced training and citizens' association in Schwanheim a. M.  - Max Stephani publisher, Biedenkopf, Hessen-Nassau 1888
  • The commercial, field and road names of the Schwanheim (Main) area . Annals of the Society for Nassau Antiquity and Historical Research, Volume 39, 1909 Online
  • Local studies and homework . Rhine-Main Association for National Education, 1912
  • The Schwanheim Forest . 43rd and 44th report of the Senckenberg Natural Research Society, 1912/1913
  • Contributions to the history of the village of Schwanheim . Nassau Annals, Volume 42, 1913

literature

  • Caesar-Rudolf Boettger : Wilhelm Kobelt, February 20, 1840 - March 26, 1916 . Brochure, 10 pages, published in 1920
  • Caesar R. Boettger:  Kobelt, Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-428-00193-1 , p. 243 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Willi Nielbock: Professor Dr. Wilhelm Kobelt . Biographical chapter in: Josef Henrich (Ed.): Suenheim - Sweinheim - Schwanheim, pp. 61–70. Publisher Franz Jos. Henrich, Frankfurt am Main 1971
  • Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Schwanheim eV (ed.): Die Port - Museumsbote No. 11, November 1990. Special issue for the 150th birthday of Wilhelm Kobelt

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Kobelt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The portrait photo comes from a series of photos that were published on February 19, 1910 on the occasion of Kobelt's 70th birthday in a special supplement of the Schwanheimer Zeitung . Extracts reprinted in Die Port No. 11, p. 13
  2. ↑ Hans Michael Hensel (ed.), John Gatt-Rutter: Italo Svevo, Samuel Spiers pupil. Segnitz: Zenos Verlag 1996, 59, 62, 76-77.
  3. ↑ To her see: Agnes Rummeleit: Schwanheimer WeibsBilder = the port no. 21. Museum messenger of the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Schwanheim eV Frankfurt 2016. ISBN 978-3-944542-12-6 , pp. 35–50.
  4. ↑ Schwanheim was an independent village during Kobelt's lifetime. It was only incorporated into Frankfurt in 1928.
  5. ↑ Port No. 11, p. 4
  6. ↑ a b c d e f Willi Nielbock: Professor Dr. Wilhelm Kobelt, in: Suenheim - Sweinheim - Schwanheim, p. 61 ff.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f City of Frankfurt am Main, Forestry Office (ed.): Historischer Wanderweg Schwanheim - Wanderweg zur Schwanheimer history and prehistory . In it: Chapter Kobeltruhe, p. 8 f. Third, corrected edition, Frankfurt am Main 2002
  8. ↑ Carsten Kretschmann: Spaces open: Natural history museums in 19th century Germany , Akademie Verlag 2006, ISBN 3-05-004202-8 , page 231 online
  9. ↑ Port No. 11, p. 6
  10. ^ Yearbooks of the Nassau Association for Natural History
  11. ↑ Port No. 11, p. 7
  12. ^ City of Frankfurt am Main, Forestry Office (ed.): From Altheeg to Vierherrnstein - names in the Frankfurt city forest . Schutzgemeinschaft Deutscher Wald, Kreisverband Frankfurt eV, 1988, p. 72
  13. ↑ rp-online: 100 birds burned
  14. ↑ Page of the Heimatmuseum Schwanheim on the website museen-in-hessen.de (accessed on November 3, 2011)
  15. ↑ Die Port Nr. 11, p. 12: Illustration of the half-title
  16. ^ City of Frankfurt am Main, Forestry Office (ed.): From Altheeg to Vierherrnstein - names in the Frankfurt city forest . Schutzgemeinschaft Deutscher Wald, Kreisverband Frankfurt eV, 1988, p. 81
  17. ↑ City of Frankfurt am Main, Forestry Office (ed.): Historischer Wanderweg Schwanheim - Wanderweg zur Schwanheimer history and prehistory . In it: Bibliography, p. 58 f. Third, corrected edition, Frankfurt am Main 2002
  18. ^ Brochure Wilhelm Kobelt, February 20, 1840 - March 26, 1916 at books.google.de (accessed November 9, 2011)
personal data
SURNAME Kobelt, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, professor and zoologist, especially malacologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1840
PLACE OF BIRTH Alsfeld
DATE OF DEATH March 16, 1916
Place of death Frankfurt-Schwanheim