Genuine Solomon's Seal

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Genuine Solomon's Seal
Real Solomon's Seal (Polygonatum odoratum)

Real Solomon's Seal ( Polygonatum odoratum )

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily : Nolinoideae
Genre : Weisswurzen ( Polygonatum )
Type : Genuine Solomon's Seal
Scientific name
Polygonatum odoratum
( Mill. ) Druce

The True Solomon's seal ( Polygonatum odoratum ), also Fragrant's seal or Scented's seal , is a plant from the family of asparagus plants (Asparagaceae). Note the similarity and possibility of confusion with the much more common related species of many-flowered white root ( Polygonatum multiflorum; there also explanations on mythology).

Identifying features

The real Solomon's seal is a perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 15 to 50, rarely up to 100 centimeters. A rhizome with a diameter of 5 to 14 cm is formed as a persistence organ. The dying stem leaves the seal-like imprint on the rhizome that led to the common name . Its upright, smooth stem grows arched and - in contrast to the multi-flowered white root - is sharp-edged. The seven to twelve alternate and two-lined, sessile leaves are simple, with entire margins, parallel - veined , 5 to 12 (rarely up to 20) cm long and 3 to 6 (rarely up to 8) cm wide. Stipules are missing.

The flowering period extends from May to June. The flowers grow individually or in pairs in the leaf axils. The 5 to 10 (rarely up to 20) mm long flower stalks are not kinked. The slightly fragrant flowers are hermaphroditic, radial symmetry and threefold. The tubular perigone consists of six cylindrical to bell-shaped-cylindrical fused bloom cladding sheets , they are white with a green tip and 11 to 20, rarely up to 25 millimeters long. There are six stamens ; the stamens are mostly bare; the anthers are about 4 mm long. The three carpels are a top permanent ovary deformed, the about 3 to 4 mm long. The stylus has a length of 10 to 14 mm.

The blue-black, frosted berries have a diameter of 7 to 10 (rarely up to 12) mm and each contain seven to nine seeds.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20, 26, 28 or 30.

Occurrence

Existence of the real Solomon's seal

The Real Solomon's Seal has a wide natural range in Eurasia : China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia and Europe. It grows in shrub fringes as well as in light mixed oak and pine forests as well as bushes in dry and warm locations. Among other things, it is considered to be a characteristic of the association of the blood corkbill fringes in need of warmth (Geranion sanguinei R. Tx. In Th. Müller 1961). In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part near the Jöchelspitze up to 1850 meters above sea level.

Real Solomon's Seal ( Polygonatum odoratum )

Toxicity

The whole plant, especially the berries, contains the toxins homoserine lactone, chelidonic acid (oleic acid, jervic acid), saponins , and other, in some cases still unknown, substances. Heart-active glycosides are not found according to recent studies.

Symptoms of poisoning include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Russian folk medicine uses the pounded root as an emetic. The high saponin content of the seeds can possibly be the cause of poisoning. In general, only minor poisoning occurs.

Common names

The other German-language trivial names exist or existed for the Echte Solomonsiegel :

Dittiwurz ( Aargau ), Enbern ( Middle High German ), Eynbern (Middle High German), Erger-Stechkraut ( Waadt ), Unser Frouwen Krut ( Middle Low German ), Gedenkwurz, Gliddwurzel ( Transylvania ), Jageteufel ( Silesia ), Magerate ( Old High German ), Mageraten) (Old High German) , Magerato (Old High German), Mariensiegel, Solomonssiegel ( Mecklenburg ), Schminkwurz (Silesia), Star of the Lord, Triangle, Weißwurz, Weißwurzel (Transylvania), Wiswort, Witwort, Wyswort and Wytwort.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 136 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 335.
  3. ↑ a b Roth, Daunderer, Korman: Toxic Plants - Plant Poisons, Toxic Plants from AZ, Emergency Aid, Allergic and Phototoxic Reactions, Nikol Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co, KG, Hamburg 1994, ISBN 3-933203-31-7
  4. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 108. ( online ).

Web links

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