Home ownership rate
The home ownership rate is the ratio of the number of apartments occupied by owners to the total number of all apartments .
General
The home ownership rate is intended to measure the proportion of owners of living space as an economic indicator , so that the remaining proportion is accounted for by rental apartments . Decisive for the creation of residential property are economic and demographic influences such as B. Income , property prices and rents , the size of the household or the population density .
Influencing factors
Furthermore, the home ownership rate is determined by a whole range of non-economic variables, e.g. B. the residential area , historical events and experiences that influence the nationally specific handling of real estate such as a currency reform as well as cultural factors such as values , lifestyles and preferences . The creation of residential property can also be an instrument of social policy with targeted housing policy subsidy measures .
Due to the decline in the value of capital assets as a result of the global economic crisis from 2007 and the decline in the birth rate with simultaneously increasing life expectancy ( aging of society) with the resulting financing problems of statutory old-age insurance, real estate assets are increasingly coming to the fore as a means of old-age provision in the industrialized nations (so-called concrete gold ) .
At the same time, building in Germany, Austria and Switzerland is more expensive than average because of the massive construction methods used there.
Germany
The German real estate and housing market has traditionally been a rental market, but has become a rental market due to the increasing lack of housing . This means that the bargaining power rests with the landlord. The social housing began after the First World War in the Weimar Republic and won after the devastation of World War II still important.
In addition to an urban-rural gap in the home ownership rate, there are currently significant differences between the individual federal states. In Berlin, the rate is lowest at around 15%. The home ownership rate also depends heavily on household income.
The home ownership rate in Germany is relatively low compared to most other European countries and the USA, but increased from 38.8% to 45.7% between 1993 and 2010. The absolute number of homeowners did not increase significantly, however, the increase is mainly explained by a cohort effect. After that, older generations of tenants in particular were no longer available in the years concerned.
In 2014, the home ownership rate across Germany was 45.5%, according to the federal states, the following breakdown results:
| state | Home ownership rate 2014 in% |
|---|---|
| Germany | 45.5 |
| Berlin | 14.2 |
| Hamburg | 22.6 |
| Saxony | 34.1 |
| Bremen | 38.8 |
| Saxony-Anhalt | 42.4 |
| North Rhine-Westphalia | 42.8 |
| Thuringia | 43.8 |
| Brandenburg | 46.4 |
| Hesse | 46.7 |
| Bavaria | 50.6 |
| Baden-Württemberg | 51.3 |
| Schleswig-Holstein | 51.5 |
| Lower Saxony | 54.7 |
| Rhineland-Palatinate | 57.6 |
| Saarland | 62.6 |
While city-states have the lowest rates, land-based states have higher ownership rates. In a European comparison in 2016, Germany was ahead of Switzerland (42.5%) at the end of the scale.
Austria
With municipal housing, social housing was built in Austria since the 1920s . In 2014, however, the home ownership rate was 57%, slightly higher than in Germany.
Switzerland
The home ownership rate in Switzerland was 37.4% in 2014, and the trend is rising. This is mainly due to the increase in condominiums . The more urban an area, the lower the rate. It is lowest in the canton of Basel-Stadt with 16.0 percent, the highest rates have Valais (57.2 percent), which has lots of building land reserves, and the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden (57.0 percent).
In Switzerland, the proportion of rental apartments is higher for 1 to 4-room apartments, while for 5-room and larger apartments the proportion of owner-occupied apartments is higher. Ownership rate according to number of rooms:
| 1 room | 2 rooms | 3 rooms | 4 rooms | 5 rooms | 6 rooms and larger | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home ownership rate 2014 | 9.0% | 13.4% | 24.8% | 45.6% | 74.4% | 89.4% |
International
The average home ownership rate in the European Union was 70.1% in 2014.
Romania (96%), Lithuania (90.3%), Croatia (90.0%), Slovakia (89.5%) and Hungary (86.3%) had the highest ownership rates . Spain was the first Western European industrial nation to rank 12th with 77.8%, as did the Netherlands (69.0%), Sweden (65.2%), France (64.9%) and the United Kingdom (63.4%) ) have significantly higher ownership rates than Germany. Also, Austria was able to place ahead of Germany with 55%. Romania and other Eastern European countries are far ahead, which is explained by the privatization there after the end of communism .
Web links
- Juliane Wiedemeier: Expert interview on the home ownership rate in Germany - "Because many rent, we got through the crisis well" February 13, 2014
- Sebastian Kohl: tenant country or homeowner nation? Housing markets in Germany and the USA Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies , 2014
- Robert Kaltenbrunner, Matthias Waltersbacher: Special features and perspectives of the housing situation in Germany Federal Agency for Civic Education , May 5, 2014
- Bettina Reimann, Beate Hollbach-Grömig, Detlef Landua: Homeownership as an opportunity for urban development and integration German Institute for Urban Studies , 2014
- Scot W. Stevenson: Land for All: How Home Ownership Became Common for Americans USA Declared October 27, 2006
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karin Behring, Ilse Helbrecht: Homeownership in Europe , ed. from the Wüstenrot Foundation , Ludwigsburg 2002. ISBN 3-933249-54-6
- ↑ Manfred G. Schmidt: Homeownership as the equivalent of social security? no year, accessed July 19, 2016
- ↑ Ilse Helbrecht: Homeownership instead of a pension? Demographic change and old-age provision in eight European countries in comparison Information on spatial development, issue 2.2013
- ↑ OW Lerbs, CA Oberst: Effects of the financial and debt crisis on the German home sector / Impacts of the financial and economic crisis on the owner-occupied real estate market in Germany. Journal of Interdisciplinary Property Research ( Zeitschrift für Immobilienökonomie ), 2/2011, pp. 49–65
- ↑ Albrecht Hanser: Prefabrication in International Comparison Working Group of the Austrian Wood Industry, 2002
- ↑ Collection of links with historical data on residential construction and housing stock, accessed on July 19, 2016
- ↑ Jörg Hackhausen: Advantage of an own home, Handelsblatt , May 26, 2014
- ↑ Federal Institute for Building, Urban and Spatial Research : Residential property June 2009
- ↑ Development and ownership rate in Berlin House of Representatives Berlin, printed matter 17/13709 from May 15, 2014
- ↑ Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft : Home ownership rate: The majority rents press release No. 28 of May 13, 2016
- ↑ Structural Compass: Indicator L109 - Home ownership rate (%) Website of the State Statistical Office of Saxony-Anhalt, as of January 1, 2014
- ↑ Development of the homeowner rate in Germany from 1993 to 2010 statista.de, accessed on July 19, 2016
- ↑ Federal Association of Central Associations of the Real Estate Industry : Potential for Simplification Residential Riester - More Freedom of Choice, Lower Inhibitions Berlin, 2012
- ↑ Real Estate Economic Factor 2017, Real Estate Market Report Germany 2017 , p. 32
- ↑ Housing Statistics / Housing Ownership Eurostat , November 2015
- ↑ Stefan Pulfer: Home ownership rate ( memento of the original from July 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website of the Federal Housing Office, accessed on July 19, 2016
- ↑ Statistics Switzerland: Home ownership rate by canton ( Memento of the original from August 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Statistics Switzerland: Housing conditions according to number of rooms and type of resident ( Memento of the original from March 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 10, 2016
- ↑ Housing Statistics / Housing Ownership Eurostat , November 2015
- ↑ Distribution of population by tenure status, 2014 (% of population) Population by tenure status, 2014 ( in% of the population), Eurostat , 2015 (graph)
- ↑ Stefan Buchberger: Real estate ownership quota in Europe - EU taillight Germany ( Memento of the original from July 18, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. August 14, 2015
- ↑ Statista The Statistics Portal, Home ownership rates in selected European countries in 2016 , 2019
- ^ Andreas Kunze: Real estate property: Germany almost at the end of September 10, 2012
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