Bräunsdorf (Oberschöna)
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Bräunsdorf
Oberschöna municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ N , 13 ° 12 ′ 54 ″ E
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| Height : | 384 (310-406) m | |
| Residents : | 800 | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 | |
| Incorporated into: | Bräunsdorf-Langhennersdorf | |
| Postal code : | 09600 | |
| Area code : | 037321 | |
Location of Bräunsdorf in Saxony |
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 View of the place
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Bräunsdorf is a district of the municipality Oberschöna in the district of central Saxony (Free State of Saxony ). It merged with Langhennersdorf on March 1, 1994 to form the community of Bräunsdorf-Langhennersdorf. This was incorporated into Oberschöna on January 1, 1997. The village is known because of the former children's home for supposedly difficult to educate young people.
geography
location
The village of Bräunsdorf is located on the northern border of the Eastern Ore Mountains , in the colline area between 310 m (Striegistal) and 406 m above sea level. NN , on the state road 205 between Freiberg and Hainichen . Bräunsdorf lies in the valley of the Große Striegis and is heavily influenced by mining. The Zechendorf settlement that belongs to Bräunsdorf was created in the course of mining in the 17th century. It is located southwest of the village in the valley of the Great Striegis.
Neighboring places
| Langhennersdorf | ||
| Riechberg |
.svg)
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Langhennersdorf |
| Siegfried | Wingendorf | Wegefarth |
Geology and vegetation
The main types of soil are brown soils from loess over mica schist ( Cambrian ), the natural vegetation was characterized by grove, oak and beech forests and azonal ravine and shadow slope forests, in the area of the Great Striegis by black alder brook forests with transitions to black cherry, alder and ash forests, some of which are still preserved today as remains of the gallery forests that border the stream. Today's vegetation is largely determined by the common spruce, intensive agriculture and pasture farming. Climatically, the place can be classified in the lower humid mountain areas with an annual mean temperature of 7.6 to 7.0 ° C and an average annual precipitation of a little under 800 mm.
history
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Bräunsdorf was first mentioned in a document in 1230, but it is assumed that it was founded as a Waldhufendorf as early as 1162 in the course of the second wave of German eastern settlement . The name Bräunsdorf is derived from the locator Bruno responsible for the settlement . From 1162 the village belonged to the area of the Cistercian monastery Marienzelle founded by the Meissen margrave Otto the Rich, today the monastery Altzella near Nossen . The first mention was made in connection with a trial of the monastery against Theodorich von Vriberch , who had unjustifiably appropriated land not far from the village.
With the first boom of Freiberg mining , mining activity can also be expected in Bräunsdorf, which, however, probably died down again with the invasion of Adolf von Nassau in 1296. With the introduction of the Reformation and the secularization of the Altzella monastery, Bräunsdorf came to the office of Nossen , but in 1552 it was given to his chancellor Ulrich Mordeisen by the Saxon Elector Moritz for loyal services as a loan. After Moritz's successor August mistakenly pledged it to monastery administrator Kilian Schmidt when he took office in 1553, Mordeisen was only able to take possession of it in 1555 (after a trial) together with 14 other villages. Mordeisens sons sell Bräunsdorf again in 1572 to the Elector Christian I and it came to the Freiberg district office .
During the Thirty Years' War , the village was completely destroyed except for one house and was soon bought up by the Electoral Councilor Berlich, who already owned Wegefarth . In 1664 Romanus Teller acquired Bräunsdorf and led it to a new bloom. He expanded the manor and significantly promoted mining, so that 22 pits were soon built in and around the village, employing between 150 and 550 men. In 1703 a pure miners' settlement, the so-called Zechendorf , was founded in the Striegistal . On the opposite, western side of the Große Striegis, the mountain village of Siegfried with three pits was built at the same time . In 1814 the Bräunsdorfer and the Siegfried district were combined until the entire mining industry was shut down in 1864.
_Rittergut.jpg)
The Schubert von Kleefeld family bought the manor in 1808, but were forced to auction it again in 1818, which is why the Kingdom of Saxony acquired it and converted it into a state orphanage in 1824. It was later expanded and turned into a correctional facility for criminal children. The guards wore uniforms and if a pupil escaped, an old cannon was fired to indicate the escape. From now on, the institution determined the life and development of the village and a third part of the village, the estate and home area, was built away from the existing village centers. After the First World War, the character of the institution changed to a welfare and educational institution for children until it became a correctional institution for “asocial and unwilling to work” adults in 1933, with a distinction being made between custody and detention. In 1945 the institution became a youth work center , from 1960 until the political change in 1989, it became a special children's home for difficult-to-educate children. After a long period of vacancy, the estate and home grounds were taken over by the Deutsche Eliteakademie (DEA) in 2003, who wanted to expand it into a conference and training center. The villa was refurbished, and financing for the remaining buildings has been difficult since the banking crisis . In April 2011 the roof of the listed mansion collapsed, for the responsible lower monument protection authority "[seems] lost the mansion". After the situation did not improve, the building was demolished.
The landmark of Bräunsdorf is the water tower on the Waschberg , which was built from 1910 to 1913 in the neo-Romanesque style and has towered over the town ever since.
Until 1856, Bräunsdorf was part of the Freiberg district office of the Electoral Saxony or Royal Saxon district. From 1856 the place belonged to the Freiberg judicial office and from 1875 to the Freiberg district administration . As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , Bräunsdorf came to the Hainichen district in the Chemnitz district on July 25, 1952 (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ). On December 4, 1952, the village moved to the Freiberg district , which was continued as the Saxon district of Freiberg from 1990 onwards .
On March 1, 1994, the communities of Bräunsdorf and Langhennersdorf merged to become Bräunsdorf-Langhennersdorf. This short-lived community was incorporated into Oberschöna on January 1, 1997 . Ecclesiastically, Bräunsdorf belongs to the parish of Langhennersdorf .
literature
- P. Knauth: The place name Bräunsdorf and related things. In: Mitteilungen des Freiberger Altertumsverein 60, 1930, pp. 36–38
- P. Müller: The parish of Bräunsdorf. In: G. Buchwald (ed.): New Saxon Church Gallery, Ephorie Freiberg. Verlag Arwed Strauch, Leipzig 1901, Sp. 485–488 ( digitized version )
- HJ Schneider, R. Störr, H. Härtel, (Eds.): 775 years of Bräunsdorf - a living story. Bräunsdorf 2005, 68 pp.
- R. Sittner, H. Sellack: 750 years of Bräunsdorf. Bräunsdorf 1980, 20 pp.
- Freiberger Land (= values of our homeland . Volume 47). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1988, pp. 57-60.
Individual evidence
- ^ Bräunsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Reconstruction of the teaching and examination center in Bräunsdorf. (No longer available online.) DEA Deutsche Eliteakademie, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; Retrieved May 4, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Jochen Walther: Time is running against the Bräunsdorfer manor house . In: Freie Presse , April 14, 2011.
- ↑ Oberschöna: Rittergut Bräunsdorf. In: Sachsens-Schlösser.de. Retrieved August 3, 2016 .
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 72 f.
- ^ The Amtshauptmannschaft Freiberg in the municipality register 1900
Web links
- Bräunsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Zechendorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Municipality part of Bräunsdorf on the website of the municipality Oberschöna
- History of the Bräunsdorf mining area