Zschornewitz
Zschornewitz
City of Graefenhainichen
Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 0 ″ N , 12 ° 24 ′ 0 ″ E
|
|
---|---|
Height : | 89 m |
Area : | 13.04 km² |
Residents : | 2729 (Dec. 31, 2009) |
Population density : | 209 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | January 1, 2011 |
Postal code : | 06772 |
Area code : | 034953 |
Zschornewitz is a district of the city of Graefenhainichen in the district of Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt .
geography
Community structure
The district is divided into the barely noticeable historical part, the factory settlement 'Kolonie', the new power station settlement in the east and the settlement 'Pöplitz' (approx. 2 km away, only four houses) in the west.
history
Zschornewitz was first mentioned in 1200 in a document from the parish of Wörlitz. The late Romanesque church tells of the early days of the village. Until 1815 the place belonged to the Electoral Saxon Office of Graefenhainichen . The decisions of the Congress of Vienna he came to Prussia and in 1816 the district Bitterfeld in the administrative district of Merseburg of the Province of Saxony assigned to which he belonged until 1944th
Up until the late 19th century there were hardly more than 200 residents in the heath village of Zschornewitz.
In March 1915, construction of the power plant began according to plans by Walter Klingenberg , only about 2 km away from the Golpa opencast mine , which went into operation in December. At the same time, the urban garden settlement 'Kolonie' was built. At the same time, the nitrum plant was built in the immediate vicinity of the power plant. Its facilities exploded on June 17, 1917. There were 24 deaths and 2 deaths in the nearby power station. It was then torn down. In 1916 eight turbines of 16 MW each generated a total of 128 MW. This made the Zschornewitz power plant the first large-scale power plant in Germany and at that time also the largest lignite power plant in the world. It supplied Berlin and parts of Saxony with electricity. In 1929 two 85 MW turbines were put into operation (at the time the largest in Europe). 13 large chimneys shaped the image of the community for decades. In 1929 the Catholic Church was also consecrated.
In 1945 the power plant was partially dismantled as a reparation payment to the Soviet Union. The remaining population in the village between the ages of 17 and 70 was used for the work.
On June 30, 1992, the power plant was finally shut down. The colony and parts of the power plant were placed under monument protection on the initiative of the Bauhaus . In 1995 the preserved part of the power plant became an industrial monument. The following year, the 'Kolonie' factory estate was added to the list of EXPO projects; it was extensively restored from 1997–99.
In 1954 the Zschornewitz rowing club was founded. On May 13, 2000 Zschornewitz celebrated its 800th anniversary.
On January 1, 2012, Zschornewitz was incorporated into the city of Graefenhainichen.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The former Zschornewitz power plant is an outstanding building in the town . The industrial monument has been open as an energy museum since 1995 .
Also to be mentioned are:
- Late Romanesque stone church
- Transformer house with a baroque roof attachment
- Catholic St. Anthony Church from 1929 (closed since 2015).
Lakes
On the western edge of the district is the Zschornewitzer See , popularly known as the cucumber , on which the Zschornewitzer rowing club trains. The Sachsenburgsee , a fishing water, is located on the eastern edge of the district. Furthermore, the remaining open pit hole 4 in the southwest and the remaining open pit hole 2 (as the residual lake of the ash lake of the ash flushing of the power plant ash from the power plants Zschornewitz (directly via pipeline) and Vockerode (transport via coal railway)) in the north-west of the district, these are not accessible to the public. All bodies of water are open-cast mining holes.
Economy and Infrastructure
Wind farm
After the decommissioning of the lignite power station, a wind farm with eight turbines will be built on the spoil dump of the Gröbern opencast mine south of Zschornewitz . The spoil dump towers over the site by around 50 meters and thus offers good conditions for the use of wind energy .
Electrofusion
Elektroschmelze Treibacher Schleifmittel GmbH is a company that produces corundum and other raw materials ( e.g. zirconium oxide ) for the abrasives industry. The corundum and other products are produced in electric melting furnaces.
education
In 1920/1921 the colony got its own school house. The school center now houses the "Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi" primary school.
traffic
Street
- Zschornewitz lies on the national road L136 of Möhlau according Graefenhainichen and at the county road K 2 037 after Burgkemnitz . The federal highway 100 in Graefenhainichen is only about 1 km, the federal highway 107 only about 3 km away.
- The Autobahn 9 ( Munich - Berlin ), Dessau-Ost junction , is approx. 16 km away.
rail
- The nearest Deutsche Bahn train stations are in Graefenhainichen and Burgkemnitz on the Berlin – Halle line , approx. 4 km away. The Zschornewitzer Kleinbahn has been shut down, but still serves two rail freight companies via the Burgkemnitz connection on the Berlin-Halle line. There is also a connection to Ferropolis and in Oranienbaum to the Dessau – Gohrau-Rehsen railway line .
statistics
Population development
The numbers indicate the total number of residents:
- 1990 : 3736
- 2000 : 3072
- 2004 : 2957
- 2006 : 3028
- 2009 : 2729
Source: State Statistical Office, as of December 31.
Personalities
- Lothar Heinecke (1933–1985), the Rear Admiral and Deputy Chief of the People's Navy , was born in what is now the part of the city of Graefenhainichen.
- Helga Labudda (1935-2014), was a German actress, among other things in Police Call 110
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 22 f.
- ^ The district of Bitterfeld in the municipality register 1900
- ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of June 19, 2017
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 1st to December 31st, 2011
- ↑ June 13th patronage festival and church closure in Zschornewitz. heilige-familie.net, May 23, 2015, accessed on December 23, 2018