Buck Owens
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Buck Owens |
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Alvis Edgar "Buck" Owens, Jr., (August 12, 1929 – March 25, 2006) was an American singer and guitarist, with twenty number-one hits on the Billboard magazine country music charts. Both as a solo artist and with his band, the Buckaroos (so named by Merle Haggard, a former bandmate), Buck Owens, along with his partner Don Rich, pioneered what has come to be called the Bakersfield sound—a reference to Bakersfield, California, the city Owens called home and from which he drew inspiration for what he preferred to call "American Music".[1]
A consummate bandleader, Buck Owens pioneered a unique and fresh sound: clean and crisp, characterized by sharp staccato guitar riffs, and pedal steel guitar solos, with straightforward lyrics. It was far more streamlined than the honky tonk music of the late '40s and early 1950s with its fiddles and back up singer arrangements. While Owens originally used fiddle and retained pedal steel into the 1970s, his sound on records and onstage was always more stripped-down and elemental, incorporating elements of rock and roll. The sound Owens developed with the Buckaroos depended on his camaraderie with and the talents of his best friend, Don Rich, whom he met while in Tacoma. Rich can be heard harmonizing on all of Owens' hits until his untimely death in a motorcycle accident in 1974. The loss of his best friend devastated Owens for years and abruptly halted his singing successes and career until Owens performed with Dwight Yoakam in the late-1980s.
Owens co-hosted the popular and groundbreaking Hee Haw program with Roy Clark. Hee Haw, originally envisioned as country music's answer to Laugh-In, outlived that show and ran for twenty-four seasons. Owens was co-host from 1969 until he left the cast in 1986, convinced that the show's exposure had obscured his immense musical legacy.
In 2007 Dwight Yoakam released a tribute album to Buck Owens, Dwight Sings Buck.
Biography
Owens was born in Sherman, Texas to Maicie Azel Ellington and Alvis Edgar Owens, Sr.[2] (U.S. Highway 82 through Sherman was named "Buck Owens Freeway" in his honor). "'Buck' was a mule on the Owens farm," Rich Kienzle wrote in About Buck, the biography at Owens' official website adapted from Kienzle's notes for Rhino Records' 1992 "The Buck Owens Collection" box set. "When Alvis, Jr., was three or four years old, he walked into the house and announced that his name was also Buck. That was fine with the family; the boy was Buck from then on."[3]
In 1937, his family migrated to Mesa, Arizona, during the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression.
In 1945, Owens co-hosted a radio show called "Buck and Britt". In the late 1940s, Owens became a truck driver and discovered the San Joaquin Valley of California. He was impressed by Bakersfield, where he and his wife settled in 1950.
Soon, Owens was frequently traveling to Hollywood for session recording jobs at Capitol Records, playing backup for Tennessee Ernie Ford, Sonny James, Wanda Jackson, Del Reeves, Tommy Sands, Tommy Collins, Faron Young and Gene Vincent, and many others.
During the Rock and Roll craze of the 1950s, Owens recorded a rockabilly record called "Hot Dog" for the Pep label, using the pseudonym Corky Jones. He used the pseudonym because he did not want the fact he recorded a rock n' roll tune to hurt his country music career. Buck loved rock n' roll virtually from the start and it influenced his style of country from then on.
Buck's career took off in 1959, when his song "Second Fiddle" hit number 24 on the Billboard country chart. A few months later, "Under Your Spell Again" hit number 4, and then "Above and Beyond" hit #3.
In the early 1960s, the "countrypolitan" sound was popular, with smooth, string-laden, pop-influenced styles used by Eddy Arnold, Jim Reeves, and Patsy Cline, among others. Owens went against the trend, utilizing pure and raw honky-tonk hillbilly feel, mixed idiosyncratically with the Mexican polkas he had heard on border radio stations while growing up.
Owens was named the most promising country and western singer of 1960 by Billboard and his Top-10-charting duets with Rose Maddox in 1961 earned them awards as vocal team of the year.
1963's "Act Naturally" became Buck Owens and the Buckaroos' first #1 hit. The Beatles later did a straight cover of it in 1965. It appears on their Help! album. Ringo Starr later re-recorded the song as a duet with Buck Owens in 1988.
The 1966 album Carnegie Hall Concert was a smash hit and further cemented Buck Owens and the Buckaroos as more than just another honky tonk country band. Buck Owens and the Buckaroos achieved cross over success on to the pop charts.
In 1967, Owens and the Buckaroos toured Japan, a then-rare occurrence for a country musician. The subsequent live album, appropriately named Buck Owens and His Buckaroos in Japan, is the first country music album recorded outside the United States.[4]
At the White House the following year, Owens and the Buckaroos performed for President Lyndon Baines Johnson.
Creedence Clearwater Revival, one of the biggest American rock bands of the period, often demonstrated a country flavor and even mentioned Owens in the hit, "Lookin' Out My Back Door":
- A dinosaur Victrola
- List'nin' to Buck Owens
- Doo, doo, doo
- Lookin' out my back door
Hee Haw hit the television airwaves in 1969, keeping Owens busy throughout the 1970s and 1980s.
In the 1970s, he enjoyed a string of hit duets with a protege, Susan Raye, who subsequentally became a popular solo artist, with recordings produced by Owens.
In 1971 the Buckaroos' bass gutarist Doyle Holly left the band to pursue a solo career. The departure of Doyle was a blow to the band as Doyle had received the "Bass Player of the Year" award from the Academy of Country and Western Music the year before in 1970. Doyle Holly went on to record two solo records in the 1970s, both were top 20 hits. Doyle Holly has subsequently been honored with a Block in the Walkway of Stars at the Country Music Hall of Fame as a solo artist and as a member of the legendary band Buck Owens and the Buckaroos.
In 1972 Buck Owens and the Buckaroos had another #1 hit, "Made in Japan".
On July 17, 1974, his best friend and Buckaroos guitarist Don Rich was killed when he lost control of his motorcycle and struck a guard rail on Highway 99 north of Bakersfield as he made his way to join his family for a vacation on the coast at Morro Bay. Owens was devastated and never really recovered from the loss. "He was like a brother, a son and a best friend," he said in the late 1990s. "Something I never said before, maybe I couldn't, but I think my music life ended when he did. Oh yeah, I carried on and I existed, but the real joy and love, the real lightning and thunder is gone forever."[1]
Before the 1960s were done, Owens—with the help of manager Jack McFadden—began to concentrate on his financial future. He bought several radio stations, including KNIX AM and FM in Phoenix and KUZZ in Bakersfield. In 1999, Owens sold the KNIX duo stations to Clear Channel Communications, but he maintained ownership of KUZZ until his death.
Owens established Buck Owens Enterprises and produced records by several artists.
Owens recorded for Warner Bros. Records, but Owens and his longtime fans were less than happy with the results; the recordings, made in Nashville, reflected the very type of bland country music he had always assailed. His spirit broken by the depression of Rich's death, he simply allowed himself to be led. He was no longer recording by the 1980s, devoting his time to overseeing his business empire from Bakersfield. Slowly, during that time, he recovered his equilibrium. Time allowed him to realize that, despite the excellent pay and friendships he'd developed on Hee Haw, the show effectively ruined his musical career by redefining him as a comedian, to the point that many who tuned in knew nothing of his phenomenal country music career or his classic hit recordings. He left the show in 1986.
Dwight Yoakam was largely influenced by Owens' style of music and eventually teamed up with him for a duet of "Streets of Bakersfield" in 1988. Their duet was Owens' first #1 single in 16 years.
The 1990s saw a flood of reissues of his Capitol recordings on compact disc. In 1974, Owens had bought back publishing rights to all of his Capitol recordings, as part of his final contract with the label. His albums had been out of print for nearly 15 years, when he released a retrospective box set in 1990. Encouraged by brisk sales, Owens struck a distribution deal with "Sundazed Records" of New York, which specializes in reissuing obscure recordings. A bulk of his Capitol catalog was reissued on CD in 1995, 1997 and recently in 2005. Sometime in the 1970s, Owens had also purchased the remaining copies of his original LP albums from Capitol's distribution warehouses across the country. Many of those records(still in the shrinkwrap) were stored by Owens for decades. He often gave them away as gifts and sold them at his nightclub for a premium price some 35 years later!
In August of 1999 an historical event occurred in Country Music, Buck Owens brought back together his original Buckaroo Band to help him celebrate his 70th Birthday. They performed at Buck's Crystal Palace in Bakersfield. All the original Buckaroos were there with the exception of Don Rich who died in 1974. Buck Owens, Doyle Holly, Tom Brumley, and Wille Cantu performed old hits from their heyday including "Tiger by the Tail" and "Act Naturally."
Owens was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1996. He was ranked #12 in CMT's 40 Greatest Men of Country Music in 2003.
CMT (Country Music Television) named the Buckaroos as 2nd greatest country music band in history.
Long before Owens became the famous co-host of Hee Haw, his band became known for their signature 'Bakersfield Sound', later emulated by artists such as Dwight Yoakam and Brad Paisley. This sound was originally made possible with two trademark silver-sparkle Fender Telecaster guitars, often played simultaneously by Owens and longtime wing-man Don Rich. In 2003, Paisley blended creative styles with this guitar and his own famous Paisley Telecaster, creating what became known as the "Buck-O-Caster". Initially, only two were made; one for Paisley himself and the other presented to Buck during a New Year celebration that Paisley attended in 2004. Subsequent copies can be custom ordered at Crook Custom Guitars.
Following the tragic death of Buckaroo Don Rich, Buck Owens' latter trademark was a red, white and blue acoustic guitar, along with a 1974 Pontiac convertible "Nudiemobile", adorned with pistols and silver dollars. A similar car, created by Nudie Cohen for Elvis Presley and later won by Buck in a bet, is now enshrined behind the bar at Owens' Crystal Palace Nightclub in Bakersfield, California.
Owens would hand out replicas of his trademark acoustic guitar to friends, acquaintances and fans. Each would contain a gold plaque with the name of the recipient. Some of these guitars cost $1000 and up.
Death
Buck Owens died in his sleep of an apparent heart attack on March 25, 2006, only hours after performing at his Crystal Palace restaurant, club and museum in Bakersfield. He had successfully recovered from oral cancer in the early 1990s, but had additional health problems near the end of the 1990s and the beginning of the 21st century, including pneumonia and a minor stroke suffered in 2004. These health problems had forced him to curtail his regular weekly performances with the Buckaroos at his Crystal Palace.
The Los Angeles Times interviewed longtime Owens spokesman (and Buckaroos keyboard player) Jim Shaw, who said Owens "had come to the club early and had a chicken-fried steak dinner and bragged that it's his favorite meal." Afterwards, Owens told band members that he wasn't feeling well and was going to skip that night's performance. Shaw said a group of fans introduced themselves while Owens was preparing to drive home; when they told him that they had traveled from Oregon to hear him perform, Owens changed his mind and took the stage anyway.
Shaw recalled Owens telling the audience, "'If somebody's come all that way, I'm gonna do the show and give it my best shot. I might groan and squeak, but I'll see what I can do.'" Shaw added, "So, he had his favorite meal, played a show and died in his sleep. We thought, that's not too bad."[5]
The front of the mausoleum where Owens is buried is inscribed "The Buck Owens Family" with the word's "Buck's Place" beneath.
Owens left behind three ex-wives. His first wife, country singer Bonnie Owens, died just a month after Owens himself. His second wife was the fiddle soloist in his "Hee Haw" band, Janna Jae Greif. They were married for only a few days before she filed for divorce. Owens also had three sons: Buddy Alan (who charted several hits as a Capitol recording artist in the early 1970s), Michael and Johnny Owens.
Discography
| Year | Album | US Country | US | Label |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Buck Owens | La Brea | ||
| 1961 | Sings Harlan Howard | Capitol | ||
| 1961 | Buck Owens | Capitol | ||
| 1962 | You're For Me | Capitol | ||
| 1962 | Fabulous Country Music Sound | Starday | ||
| 1963 | On The Bandstand | 2 | Capitol | |
| 1963 | Buck Owens Sings Tommy Collins | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1964 | The Best of Buck Owens | 1 | 46 | Capitol |
| 1964 | Together Again | 1 | 88 | Capitol |
| 1964 | I Don't Care | 1 | 135 | Capitol |
| 1965 | I've Got a Tiger By The Tail | 1 | 43 | Capitol |
| 1965 | Before You Go | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1965 | The Instrumental Hits | 4 | Capitol | |
| 1965 | Christmas With Buck | 12 | Capitol | |
| 1966 | Roll Out The Red Carpet | 1 | 106 | Capitol |
| 1966 | Dust On Mother's Bible | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1966 | Carnegie Hall Concert | 1 | 114 | Capitol |
| 1966 | Open Up Your Heart | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1967 | In Japan "live" | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1967 | Your Tender Loving Care | 1 | 177 | Capitol |
| 1968 | It Takes People Like You | 1 | Capitol | |
| 1968 | Best of Buck Owens Vol. 2 | 5 | Capitol | |
| 1968 | Sweet Rosie Jones | 2 | Capitol | |
| 1968 | Christmas Shopping | 31 | Capitol | |
| 1968 | The Guitar Player | 27 | Capitol | |
| 1968 | I've Got You On My Mind Again | 19 | 199 | Capitol |
| 1968 | Best of Buck Owens Vol. 3 | 12 | Capitol | |
| 1969 | Tall Dark Stranger | 2 | 122 | Capitol |
| 1969 | In London "live" | 5 | 113 | Capitol |
| 1969 | Big in Vegas | 9 | Capitol | |
| 1970 | Your Mother's Prayer | 198 | Capitol | |
| 1970 | We're Gonna Get Together Duet w/Susan Raye | 10 | 154 | Capitol |
| 1970 | The Kansas City Song | 10 | 196 | Capitol |
| 1970 | Merry Hee-Haw Christmas | 34 | Capitol | |
| 1970 | The Great White Horse Duet w/Susan Raye | 22 | Capitol | |
| 1970 | I Wouldn't Live In New York City | 12 | 190 | Capitol |
| 1970 | Live in Scandinavia | Capitol | ||
| 1971 | Bridge Over Troubled Water | 11 | Capitol | |
| 1971 | Ruby | 9 | Capitol | |
| 1971 | Best of Buck Owens Vol. 4 | 17 | Capitol | |
| 1971 | Merry Christmas Duet w/Susan Raye | Capitol | ||
| 1972 | Too Old To Cut The Mustard Duet w/Buddy Alan | 35 | Capitol | |
| 1972 | Live at John Ascuga's Nugget | 3 | Capitol | |
| 1972 | The Best of Buck and Susan w/Susan Raye | 15 | Capitol | |
| 1972 | Live at The White House | 10 | Capitol | |
| 1973 | In The Palm of Your Hand | 21 | Capitol | |
| 1973 | Ain't It Amazing Gracie | 17 | Capitol | |
| 1973 | Good Old Days Duet w/Susan Raye | 29 | Capitol | |
| 1973 | Arms Full of Empty | 32 | Capitol | |
| 1974 | Best of Buck Owens Vol. 4 | 35 | Capitol | |
| 1974 | It's a Monster's Holiday | 10 | Capitol | |
| 1974 | Live in New Zealand | Capitol | ||
| 1974 | Live at The Sydney Oprah House | Capitol | ||
| 1975 | 4th Street Lonely Hearts Club | 21 | Capitol | |
| 1976 | Best of Buck Owens Vol. 6 | 34 | Capitol | |
| 1976 | Buck 'Em | Warner Brothers | ||
| 1977 | Our Old Mansion | Warner Brothers | ||
| 1988 | Hot Dog | 37 | Capitol | |
| 1989 | Act Naturally | Capitol | ||
| 1991 | Kickin' In | Capitol | ||
See also
- KUVI-TV, Bakersfield – TV station originally owned by Buck Owens
- Doyle Holly – Buckaroo band member and solo artist honored in the Country Music Hall of Fame.
- Don Rich – Buckaroo band member known for helping to create the Bakersfield Sound.
- The Buckaroos – Buck Owens' legendary country music band
- Jerry Brightman – Buck Owens' pedal steel guitarist from 1972-1976
References
- Fenster, Mark. (1998). "Buck Owens". In The Encyclopedia of Country Music. Paul Kingsbury, Ed. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 399-400.
- Flippo, Chet: "NASHVILLE SKYLINE: Buck Owens' Supercharged Music"' cmt.com, March 30 2006
Footnotes
- ^ Risling, Greg (March 25 2006). "Country Music Star Buck Owens Dies at 76". Associated Press.
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- ^ "buckowens.com". Buck Owens' Crystal Palace: About Buck.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|accessmonthday=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|accessyear=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help) - ^ "buckowens.com". Buck Owens Collection.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|accessmonthday=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|accessyear=ignored (|access-date=suggested) (help) - ^ Lewis, Randy (March 26 2006). "Singer Found Gold and Inspiration in California". Los Angeles Times.
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External links
