Prussian G 8.1
| G 8.1 (Prussia, Mecklenburg, Alsace-Lorraine) DR class 55.25–56, 55.58 DB class 055 PKP Tp4 ČSD class 425.0 LG P8 SJ G |
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.jpg) 55 4315 on August 7, 1952
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| Numbering: | 55 2501–3366, 3368–5665, 5801–5810, 5851–5852 DR (additional) 55 5898, 7251–7260, 8170 |
| Number: | 5,155 |
| Year of construction (s): | 1913-1921 |
| Retirement: | 1972 |
| Type : | D h2 |
| Length over buffers: | 18,290 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 100 m |
| Empty mass: | 62.2 t |
| Service mass: | 69.9 t |
| Service mass with tender: | 115.4 t (with tender 3 T 16.5 and full stocks) |
| Friction mass: | 69.9 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 17.6 t |
| Top speed: | 55 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 927 kW / 1260 PSi |
| Starting tractive effort: | ~ 194 kN |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,350 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 600 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 660 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 14 bar |
| Number of heating pipes: | 139 |
| Number of smoke tubes: | 24 |
| Heating pipe length: | 4500 mm |
| Grate area: | 2.58 m² |
| Radiant heating surface: | 13.89 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 132.15 m² |
| Superheater area : | 51.88 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 146.04 m² |
| Tender: | pr 3 T 16.5 / pr 3 T 20 pr 2'2 'T 21.5 |
| Water supply: | 16.5 m³ / 20.0 m³ / 21.5 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 7 t / 6 t / 7 t coal |
| Train heating: | steam |
The steam locomotive type Prussian G 8.1 was a further development of the G 8 carried out by Robert Garbe and was initially referred to as the "reinforced normal design". It had a larger bowl and the consequent increase in weight was intended to increase the pulling force due to the higher friction weight as well. Due to the high axle pressure, the G 8.1 could only be used on main railway lines. The heavy shunting service was later added to the heavy goods traffic as an operational area .
history
The G 8.1 was the most frequently built regional railway locomotive and, after the DR class 52 built 20 years later, the second most frequently built locomotive type in Germany.
4,958 examples were produced for the Prussian State Railways and, most recently, for the Deutsche Reichsbahn . 137 was given to the Reichseisenbahnen in Alsace-Lorraine (see Elsaß-Lothringische G 8.1 ), ten to the Grand Ducal Mecklenburgische Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn , 50 to the German army railways in the First World War , six or ten to the metallurgical company Union of German Emperors . 185 pieces were sold abroad z. B. to Poland and Romania.
Sweden did not receive the 20 locomotives ordered in 1916 until 1918. They were delivered as G.1408 - G.1427 by Linke-Hofmann with the serial numbers 1609–1628 and were designated as Ga in Sweden from 1919 onwards . After several modifications, the last copies were taken out of service in 1973.
The Lithuanian state railway Lietuvos Gelezinkeliai (LG) took over a total of 22 G 8.1s in 1920 and classified them as the P8 series . In 1932, the LG received four additional, slightly modified locomotives of this type from Škoda .
As a result of the armistice at the end of the First World War, 459 machines came to the PKP , and another three to the Free City of Danzig , where they were listed as the Tp4 series.
The Reichsbahn took over 3,121 Prussian locomotives in 1925 as the 55.25–56 series with the road numbers 55 2501–5622 (excluding 55 3367), the twelve Mecklenburg locomotives (two of which the railway had bought from the Prussian State Railroad in 1920) were as the 55.58 series with the numbers 55 5801-5810 and 55 5851-5852. Among the Prussian locomotives were 10 G 8.1s of the Reichseisenbahnen in Alsace-Lorraine. In 1935, another 43 locomotives from Saarland came into the Reichsbahn's inventory as 55 5623–5665, the last of which originally came from the Reichseisenbahnen in Alsace-Lorraine . During the Second World War , numerous locomotives from Poland and Lithuania were added to the class 55 as second occupations. Machines taken over from Belgium were given the numbers 55 5666–5699. After 1945, the Deutsche Reichsbahn ordered another locomotive from Poland as 55 5898 and several from Belgium and France as 55 7251-7260 and 55 8170 in the GDR.
Between 1934 and 1941 a total of 691 G 8.1s were equipped with a front running axle in order to increase the maximum speed and reduce the average axle load. The converted locomotives were redrawn as the DR class 56.2–8 . In addition to the class 42 and 52 war locomotives, the G 8.1 was also used in large numbers in military traffic throughout Europe, including the Eastern Front.
There were still more than 1,000 vehicles after the end of the Second World War. In 1968 the Deutsche Reichsbahn still had 150 vehicles and the Deutsche Bundesbahn 50, which it called the 055 series from 1968 . The last G 8.1 of the Deutsche Bundesbahn, 055 538-3, was taken out of service on December 21, 1972.
The vehicles were with a Tender respondents fitted the types pr 3 T 16.5, pr 3 T 20 and pr 2'2 'T 21.5.
55 3345 (ex Cassel 5159, Henschel 1915) in the Bochum Railway Museum and 55 3528 (ex Münster 5256, Hanomag 1915, factory number 7587) in Speyer have been preserved .
Remaining abroad
In Poland, 302 copies of the Tp4 were used, which were not completely decommissioned by the PKP until 1972.
The Réseau ferroviaire d'Alsace-Lorraine (AL) and the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Belges (SNCB) were already in use in Luxembourg before 1940 G 8.1 , after 1945 the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (CFL) became five locomotives awarded to the AL and seven from the Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est . The locomotives were taken over as class 46 with the numbers 4601 to 4603, 4611 and 4612 as well as 4621 to 4627 (Est) and for the most part returned to the Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français (SNCF) by 1950 . The two AL locomotives 4601 and 4602, which were taken over from the western zones and from the DB, were used in the shifting service in Bettembourg until 1956 and 1958 .
literature
- Manfred Weisbrod, Hans Müller, Wolfgang Petznick: Steam locomotives of German railways, class 41-59. transpress VEB Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-87094-042-5 .
- Hansjürgen Wenzel: The 55 series: The Prussian G8 / G8.1 . Eisenbahn-Kurier, Wuppertal 1976, ISBN 978-0-7227-4491-8 .
- Horst J. Obermayer: Paperback German steam locomotives . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-03643-X .
- Herbert Rauter, Manfred Weisbrod: Prussia Report Volume 6 . Hermann Merker Verlag, Fürstenfeldbruck 1992, ISBN 3-922404-30-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ G8.1 in Sweden. In: lokrundschau.de. August 18, 2009, archived from the original on April 28, 2016 ; accessed on September 23, 2017 .
- ^ Herman Gijsbert Hesselink, Norbert Tempel: Railways in the Baltic States. Münster 1996, ISBN 3-921980-51-8 , p. 66 ff.
- ^ Hansjürgen Wenzel: The class 55. The Prussian G 8 / G 8.1 , Verlag Eisenbahn-Kurier e. V., Wuppertal 1976, p. 180 f.