Lugnian
| Lugnian Łubniany |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Opole | ||
| Gmina : | Lugnian | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 47 ' N , 18 ° 0' E | ||
| Residents : | 1582 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 46-024 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OPO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 461 Kupp - Jellowa | ||
| Rail route : |
Opole - Kluczbork stop Jellowa |
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| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Lugnian ( Polish Łubniany , 1936–1945 Lugendorf ) is a village in the powiat Opolski of the Polish Opole Voivodeship . It is the seat of the rural community of the same name with around 9700 inhabitants.
geography
Geographical location
Lugnian is located in the historical region of Upper Silesia in the Opole region . The village is located about 15 kilometers northeast of the district and voivodeship capital Opole ( Opole ).
The place is in the Nizina Śląska ( Silesian Plain ) within the Równina Opolska ( Opole Plain ). In terms of nature, Lugnian is surrounded by larger forest areas. In the village itself there is a small forest area opposite the cemetery, which the local population calls Halinki or Hylinki , after the former owners A. Hyla and E. Hyla. The Brynica , a right tributary of the Mała Panew (Eng. Malapane ), runs north of the village .
Village structure
The village of Lugnian consists of two parts of the village that emerged in different times. The old town center, called Kąt in Polish , is located in the south at the intersection between ul. Opolska and ul. Koscielna at the St. Peter and Paul Church. The second district includes the area north of the old town center and extends to the border of Lugnian Dombrowka. This is a development from the Frederician period with the typical "Silesian long houses". In the east there is also the district of Krzyzula .
Neighboring places
The village is surrounded by the villages of Lugnian Dombrowka (Polish Dąbrówka Łubniańska ) in the north, Jellowa (Polish Jełowa ) in the east, Massow (Polish Masów ) in the south and in the north-west by Brinnitz (Polish Brynica ).
history
Excavations in the middle of the 20th century revealed evidence of early settlement in the area. Old Celtic graves and urns were found on today's ul. Dworcowa, which are said to date from the year 200 BC. At that time, Silesia was populated by Celtic tribes.
The village of Lugnian is first mentioned in a deed of donation as Lubnane in 1260 . The Duke Wladislau I left the village to the monastery in Czarnowanz . 1297 the village is in a document of the Breslau bishop Johann III. mentioned a second time. Lubnane is again listed in 1309 in an enumeration of the goods of the Czarnowanz monastery by the Opole duke Bolko I , which confirms that the village belongs to the monastery. A mill is mentioned in Lugnian in 1371, and it was probably a windmill.
In 1534 there were 14 inhabitants in the village, in 1588 27 “whole farmers” and five gardeners. Thirty years later there were 30 whole farmers and three gardeners in the village. During the years of the Thirty Years' War, several epidemics and epidemics plagued the village and the surrounding area. Due to the high number of deaths, you had to find a place outside the village limits. The dead were buried in the land where the district of Krzyzula is located today , the name of which is derived from the many wooden crosses attached to the dead. In 1679 the village is mentioned as Ługniany . In 1682 a new church was built where there was previously a wooden chapel. The church was dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul .
After the First Silesian War in 1742, Lugnian and most of Silesia fell to Prussia . There was a wave of colonization, the so-called Frederician colonization. Lugnian also received new residents. The new colonists received 8 to 20 acres of land, financial support and a temporary tax exemption.
After the reorganization of the province of Silesia which belonged rural community Luboszyce from 1816 to district Opole in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 there was a Catholic church, a Catholic school, a forestry and 245 houses. In the same year, 1269 people lived in Lugnian, three of them Protestant and eleven Jewish. In the middle of the 19th century, the northern village of Dombrowka was incorporated. In 1872 the stone neo-Gothic St. Peter and Paul Church was built and replaced the previous wooden structure. In 1874 the administrative district of Lugnian was founded, which consisted of the rural communities Mainczok, Massow and Lugnian. A short time later, the Lugnian district was dissolved. The parishes were assigned to the Jellowa district. In 1889 the Lugnian parish was established. From this point in time until today the municipality includes the villages Lugnian, Lugnian Dombrowka and Massow. In 1881 the rectory opposite was completed.
In 1909 a new cemetery was laid out south of the church. In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 705 eligible voters voted to remain with Germany and 883 for Poland. Lugnian remained with the German Empire . In 1933 there were 2676 inhabitants. On August 10, 1936, the place was renamed Lugendorf . In 1939 the place had 3006 inhabitants. On April 1, 1939, Massow was incorporated into Lugnian. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Opole .
In 1945 the previously German place came under Polish administration and was renamed Łubniany and joined the Silesian Voivodeship. In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship . The library, which still exists today, was founded in 1954. At the beginning of the 1990s the cultural center was built in the village. In 1999 the place came to Powiat Opolski . On April 30, 2010, the place was also given the official German place name Lugnian . Today there is a health center and a Caritas station in Lugnian .
Etymology of the village name
The name of the village Lugnian is derived from the old Slavic name Lugniany . This means something like swamp place .
Attractions
- The Roman Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul was built in 1872 in neo-Gothic style. Before that there was already a wooden church building on the same site, which was built in 1682. Until the establishment of its own parish in 1889, the church was a branch of the parish in Jellowa. The main altar has a copy of the image of the Madonna of Częstochowa from the 18th century.
- Chapel at the intersection of ul. Opolska and Brynicka
- War memorial for those who died in the two world wars in 1996
- Two brick granaries at Opolska Street
- Ornate roofs of farms on Opolska Street in the northern part of the village
societies
- German Friendship Circle
- Football club LZS Śląsk Łubniany
- Volunteer Fire Brigade OSP Łubniany
local community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Lugnian includes eleven villages with school administration offices. Neighboring communities to the municipality of Lugnian are Gross Döbern in the west, Murow in the north, Gross Lassowitz in the northeast, Turawa in the west and the city of Opole in the south.
Partner municipality
Personalities
- Helmut Thoma (1909–1993), German painter and art teacher.
literature
- K. Czech (2014): Commune Lubniany in words and pictures - attempt of a historical-cultural monograph . Lubniany (Wydawca Lubnianski Osrodek Kultury), pp. 126-153
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on April 15, 2019
- ↑ Lugnian, Lugendorf, Łubniany
- ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 387.
- ^ Territorial district of Lugnian / Jellowa / Ilnau
- ↑ See results of the referendum in Upper Silesia of 1921 ( Memento of January 24, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Opole district (Polish Opole). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Heinrich Adamy : The Silesian place names, their origin and meaning - A picture from prehistory , Breslau, Priebatsch, 1889, p. 32
- ↑ History of the Church in Lugnian (Polish)