Ƣ
The Ƣ (lower case ƣ) is a letter of the Latin writing system . It is hardly used today. In the alphabet of those languages that used it, it appeared between G and H and was named Ƣa ( Gha [ ɣaː ] or [ ʁaː ]). It has to represent the voiced velar fricative [ ɣ ] and voiced uvular fricative [ ʁ ] used.
Emergence
As a model for the letter Ƣ, a handwritten variant of the letter Q was chosen, as it appeared in the Sütterlin script that was widespread at the beginning of the 20th century .
Turkic languages
The letter was introduced in the Soviet Union when changing from the Arabic script to the Latin script, initially in Azerbaijani (from 1922), Karachay (from 1924) and in the other Turkic languages of the North Caucasus from 1925, in order to replace those previously with the Arabic letter غ ( Ghain ). designated sounds [ ɣ ] and [ ʁ ] represent. By resolution of the Turkology Congress in Baku in 1926, this Latin script was introduced for most of the Turkic languages of the Soviet Union. This alphabet was called the New Alphabet for the Turkic languages , especially in Tatar it was called Jaꞑalif . It was in the orthography u. a. of the following Turkic languages introduced: Tatar (from 1927), Crimean Tatar , Nogai , Kumyk and Kyrgyz (from 1928), Turkmen , Uzbek , Kazakh and Yakut (from 1929), Bashkir and Tuvinian (from 1930).
The Latin script, and thus the Ƣ, fell out of use again after 1939, when the Turkic languages of the Soviet Union had to switch to the Cyrillic alphabet . In the Cyrillic alphabet, the letter Ғ, ғ (Kazakh, Uyghur, Tajik, Bashkir) often took its place. In Yakut the letter Ҕ, ҕ is used. In Tatar is the unchanged Cyrillic Г, г both the velar plosive [ g ] and the velar fricative [ ɣ ] used.
Those languages that returned to the Latin script after the end of the Soviet Union took over the "," from Turkish instead . Uzbek, on the other hand, uses Gʻ gʻ.
In 1959, a Latin script for the Turkic Uyghur language was developed in the People's Republic of China and introduced in 1965 instead of the Cyrillic script that had been used since 1949. This Latin variant also contains the letter Ƣ and is known as Uyƣur Yəngi Yəziⱪ ("Uyghur New Script"). In 1982, however, the Uighurs largely returned to the Arabic script. Uyƣur Yəngi Yəziⱪ has hardly been used since then, but is still an official alphabet in China today.
Non-Turkic languages
.JPG)
The letter Ƣ also became part of the Latin scripts of some non-Turkish North Caucasus languages such as Avar , Dargin, and Lesgic and Abkhazian . In Tsachuric there was even a modified form with a slash next to the Ƣ.
The Ƣ was also used in the orthography of the Indo-European ( Iranian ) languages Tajik , Kurdish and Tatisch .
These languages also switched to the Cyrillic script in the Soviet Union in the late 1930s.
Presentation on the computer
Unicode contains the Ƣ at the code points U + 01A2 (uppercase letter) and U + 01A3 (lowercase letter). There the letter is incorrectly referred to as LATIN LETTER OI, although it is not a combination of the letters O and I (using ※ , however, a correction to LATIN LETTER GHA was made).
Thus, in HTML , the Ƣ is coded in hexadecimal notation with Ƣ(uppercase letter) or ƣ(lowercase letter), in decimal notation with Ƣ(uppercase letter) or ƣ(lowercase letter).
In UTF-16 it is represented with 0x1A2(upper case) or 0x1A3(lower case).
The following applies to URL coding %C6%A2(uppercase letter) or %C6%A3(lowercase letter).