1,5-pentanediol
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | 1,5-pentanediol | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 5 H 12 O 2 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
colorless, viscous liquid |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 104.15 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
0.99 g cm −3 (20 ° C) |
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Melting point |
−16 ° C |
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boiling point |
242 ° C |
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Vapor pressure |
1 Pa (20 ° C) |
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solubility |
miscible with water |
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Refractive index |
1.4499 |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C |
1,5-Pentanediol is a chemical compound from the group of alkanediols . It consists of the basic structure of n -pentane , at the terminal positions of which there are hydroxyl groups .
Extraction and presentation
Technically, 1,5-pentanediol can be obtained by hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol at temperatures of 250-300 ° C. and pressures of 230-430 bar over Adkins catalysts based on spinel copper chromite .
In addition, the compound can be obtained by catalytic hydrogenation of glutaric acid , glutaraldehyde or glutaric acid esters.
Another synthetic route is the hydrogenation of furfural with molecular hydrogen and iron (II) chloride on a platinum catalyst .
properties
1,5-pentanediol is a colorless liquid that boils at a temperature of 242 ° C.
At higher temperatures it forms flammable vapor-air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of 142 ° C. The explosion range is between 1.3 vol.% As the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 13.1 vol.% As the upper explosion limit (UEL). The ignition temperature is 330 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T2.
use
1,5-Pentanediol is used as a plasticizer in the plastics industry. By reaction with potassium iodide , phosphorus pentoxide and phosphoric acid can be 1,5-diiodopentane be won.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry on 1,5-PENTANEDIOL in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on February 25, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Entry for CAS no. 111-29-5 in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 3, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b W. E. Kaufmann, R. Adams: The Use of Platinum Oxide in the Reduction of Organic Compounds: IV Reduction of Furfural and its Derivatives , in: J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 1923 , 45 , pp. 3029-3044, doi : 10.1021 / ja01665a033 .
- ↑ D. Kaufman, W. Reeve: 1,5-Pentanediol In: Organic Syntheses . 26, 1946, p 83, doi : 10.15227 / orgsyn.026.0083 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Entry on pentanediols. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on July 25, 2019.
- ↑ E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters. Volume 1: Flammable Liquids and Gases. Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.
- ↑ TRIPURARI PUJAN: Synthesis, Reactions, Characterization and Supramolecular Associations of Some Organotellurium Derivatives ( Memento from July 5, 2017 in the Internet Archive ), LUCKNOW (INDIA), 2013, accessed on October 31, 2018