2013 SY ₉₉

Asteroid 2013 SY 99
Orbit from 2013 SY 99 (left, light blue) and other TNOs. Red dashed a possible orbit of the hypothetical ninth planet .
Properties of the orbit ( animation ) Epoch:  4th September 2017 ( JD 2,458,000.5)
Orbit type	Transneptunian object
Major semi-axis	673 ± 21  AU
eccentricity	0.926 ± 0.002
Perihelion - aphelion	49.94 ± 0.06 AU -  1296 ± 41 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane	4.2 °
Length of the ascending node	29.5 °
Argument of the periapsis	32.3 °
Time of passage of the perihelion	March 2055
Sidereal period	17455 ± 834 a
Mean orbital velocity	0.79 km / s
Physical Properties
Medium diameter	~ 250 km
Albedo	0.05 ± 0.03
Absolute brightness	6.8 likes
history
Explorer	Michele T. Bannister et al.
Date of discovery	29th September 2013
Another name	uo3l91
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

2013 SY ₉₉ is a trans-Neptunian object , which is one of the Sednoids due to its railway characteristics.

discovery

2013 SY ₉₉ was discovered on September 29, 2013 as part of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS) at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in Hawaii and was initially given the internal name uo3l91, L91 for short. In the survey that the objects in the sky studied area are in the Kuiper belt are described and cataloged. Michele Bannister of Queen's University Belfast announced the discovery on October 17, 2016 at a conference of the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society .

Track properties

2013 SY ₉₉ orbits the sun in a highly eccentric orbit at a distance of about 50–1296  AU . Since the asteroid was discovered near its perihelion , the indication of the apheld distance is fraught with great uncertainty. The object needs about 17,500 years for one orbit and is thus among the objects with the longest known periods of rotation in the solar system . Since 2013 SY _{99 could} only be observed for three years so far, the calculation of the path elements is still relatively imprecise.

The gravitational influence of Neptune could have brought SY ₉₉ billions of years ago from a slightly eccentric orbit closer to the Sun to its distant orbit on the edge of the Oort cloud . Bannister and her research team suspect that the planetoid was once up to 2000 AU from the Sun before it migrated back inward due to a passing star or the gravitational pull of the Milky Way . Konstantin Batygin , however, thinks it is more likely that the orbit was influenced by the hypothetical planet nine . According to Bannister, the unusually low orbit inclination of 2013 SY ₉₉ speaks against such an influence.

Physical Properties

Observations with the 8.1 m Frederick C. Gillett telescope at the Gemini Observatory and the 8.2 m Subaru telescope allowed the size and optical properties to be determined: 2013 SY ₉₉ has a diameter of approximately 250 km, is reddish in color and has an albedo of about 0.05.

Other trans-Neptunian objects with a large perihelion distance

Trans-Neptunian objects on the edge of the Kuiper belt with perihelia q> 47 AU

object	q (AU)	a (AU)	T ( a )	e	i (°)	ω (°)	H (likes)
2012 VP 113	80.39	258.27	4.151	0.69	24.1	293.5	4.0
(90377) Sedna	76.26	484.52	10,665	0.84	11.9	311.4	1.3
(541132) Leleākūhonua	65.04	1031.49	33,128	0.94	11.7	118.0	5.5
2014 FZ 71	55.88	75.76	659	0.26	25.5	244.5	6.9
2015 RG 301	52.05	54.04	397	0.04	10.2	287.4	8.2
2014 FC 72	51.66	75.75	659	0.32	29.9	33.3	4.7
2018 GT 15	51.54	57.58	437	0.10	26.0	357.3	7.5
2004 XR 190	51.11	57.26	433	0.11	46.8	285.6	4.3
2015 FJ 345	50.69	62.88	499	0.19	35.0	77.4	7.9
2014 ST 373	50.19	104.56	1,069	0.52	43.2	297.1	5.4
2013 SY 99	50.02	693.86	18,277	0.93	4.2	32.1	6.7
2015 KQ 174	49.31	55.40	412	0.11	24.3	294.0	7.3
2010 GB 174	48.75	350.59	6,565	0.86	21.6	347.4	6.5
2014 SR 349	47.69	302.23	5,254	0.84	18.0	340.9	6.7
(474640) 2004 VN 112	47.30	318.97	5,697	0.85	25.6	326.8	6.5

Trans-Neptunian objects with Aphelia Q> 1000 AU (status 11-01-2018), amendment 2015 TG387 on October 18, 2018 >

object	Q (AU)	a (AU)	T ( a )	e	i (°)	ω (°)	H (likes)
(87269) 2000 OO 67	1000.66	510.71	11542	0.96	20.1	212.3	9.2
2007 DA 61	1034.13	518.40	11803	0.99	76.7	349.7	15.1
2013 AZ 60	1195.07	601.49	14752	0.99	16.5	158.4	10.2
2002 RN 109	1254.87	628.79	15767	1.00	57.9	212.4	15.3
2013 SY 99	1308.01	678.96	17691	0.93	4.2	32.4	6.7
(308933) 2006 SQ 372	1462.04	743.09	20257	0.97	19.5	122.3	7.8
2015 KG 163	1579.71	810.11	23058	0.95	14.0	32.0	8.2
2013 BL 76	2335.43	1171.90	40118	0.99	98.6	166.0	10.8
2016 FL 59	2454.32	1237.45	43530	0.98	6.9	1.5	6.9
2005 VX 3	2536.96	1270.55	45288	1.00	112.3	196.5	14.1
2012 DR 30	2944.83	1479.69	56919	0.99	78.0	195.5	7.1
2014 FE 72	4663.58	2349.94	113916	0.98	20.6	134.4	6.2
2017 MB 7	7094.07	3526.00	211449	1.00	55.7	80.5	14.2
(541132) Leleākūhonua	2122.94	1093.94	36182	0.94	11.7	118.2	5.3

See also

• List of asteroids
• List of trans-Neptunian objects

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Michele T. Bannister, Cory Shankman, Kathryn Volk, Ying-Tung Chen, Nathan Kaib, Brett J. Gladman, Marian Jakubik, JJ Kavelaars, Wesley C. Fraser, Megan E. Schwamb et al .: OSSOS. V. Diffusion in the orbit of a high-perihelion distant solar system object . In: The Astronomical Journal . 153, No. 6, May 22, 2017, p. 262. arxiv : 1704.01952 . bibcode : 2017AJ .... 153..262B . doi : 10.3847 / 1538-3881 / aa6db5 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Alexandra Witze: Astronomers spot distant world in Solar System's far reaches. In: Nature . October 18, 2016, accessed on October 18, 2016 (English, doi: 10.1038 / nature.2016.20831 ). 
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Adam Mann: New icy world with 20,000-year orbit could point to Planet Nine. In: Science . October 17, 2016, accessed on October 18, 2016 (English, doi: 10.1126 / science.aal0270 ). 
4. ↑ ^{a b} 2013 SY99 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved April 7, 2017.
5. ↑ List of objects with q> 47. Minor Planet Center (MPC) of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), accessed on June 13, 2020 . 
6. ↑ Chadwick A. Trujillo, Michael E. Brown: The Radial Distribution of the Kuiper Belt . In: The Astrophysical Journal Letters . Vol. 554, No. 1 , May 31, 2001, p. L95 , doi : 10.1086 / 320917 , bibcode : 2001ApJ ... 554L..95T (English).
7. ↑ List of objects with Q> 1000 . Minor Planet Center (MPC) of the International Astronomical Union (IAU). Retrieved January 11, 2018.