2015 BP 519

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Asteroid
2015 BP 519
Properties of the orbit ( animation )
Epoch:  April 27, 2019 ( JD 2,458,600.5)
Orbit type ETNO
DO (E SDO ) or
SDO ,
"Distant Object"
Major semi-axis 428,027  AU
eccentricity 0.918
Perihelion - aphelion 35.175 AU - 820.879 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane 54.1 °
Length of the ascending node 135.1 °
Argument of the periapsis 348.4 °
Time of passage of the perihelion December 6, 2058
Sidereal period 8855 a 6.6 m
Physical Properties
Medium diameter approx. 524 km
Albedo 0.08-0.09
Absolute brightness 4.4 - 4.8 mag
history
Explorer Cerro Tololo Observatory
Date of discovery 17th January 2015
Another name "Caju"
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

2015 BP 519 is a large Trans-Neptunian Object , the web dynamically as "Extreme trans-Neptunian object" (ETNO) and as close or extended Scattered Disc Object is classified (DO or SDO). Because of its size, the asteroid is a dwarf planet candidate .

discovery

2015 BP 519 was discovered on January 17, 2015 by a team of astronomers at the Cerro Tololo Observatory (near La Serena , Chile ). The discovery was announced on May 10, 2018.

It bears the unofficial name «Caju» .

After its discovery, in 2015 BP 519 could be identified in photos taken as part of the Dark Energy Survey at the Cerro Tololo Observatory going back to November 27, 2014, thus extending its observation period by almost two months in order to calculate its orbit more precisely . So far, the planetoid has only been observed through the Cerro Tololo Observatory. In September 2018, there were a total of 148 observations over a period of 8 years. The last observation to date was also carried out at the Cerro Tololo Observatory in February 2018. (As of March 23, 2019)

properties

The orbits of 2015 BP 519 and 2010 GB 519 (blue) compared to other distant planetoids.
2015 BP 519 as part of the Extreme Scattering Objects group .

Orbit

2015 BP 519 orbits the sun in 8855.55 years on a highly elliptical orbit between 35.18  AU and 820.88 AU from its center. The orbital eccentricity is 0.918, the web is 54.12 ° to the ecliptic inclined . The planetoid is currently 52.16 AU from the sun. The next time he will pass perihelion in 2058, the last perihelion would have to be in the year 6796 BC. Happened to Christ.

Due to the extreme orbital elements, 2015 BP 519 is one of the “Extreme trans-Neptunian objects” (ETNO), which can typically be divided into three groups and have semi-axes of at least 150 AU and perihelion over 38 AU. In 2015, BP 519 is one of the celestial bodies that led to the search for Planet Nine . However, since its perihelion is below 38 AU, it forms its own group within this ETNO with 2007 TG 422 , 2013 RF 98 , 2014 FE 72 and 2015 GT 50 ( “Extreme Scattering Object” ); these objects have perihelia over 30 AU and semi-axes over 250 AU and still seem to be subject to the gravitational influence of Neptune . Since 2015 BP 519 of these objects (inclination <30 °) has by far the highest orbital inclination of over 54 °, it does not seem to fit well with the other ETNO in terms of orbital dynamics and the gravitational influence of planet nine and therefore possibly forms a separate group .

In 2015, the Minor Planet Center listed BP 519 as a Scattered Disk Object / Centaur and generally as a “Distant Object” , while Marc Buie ( DES ) did not have any specific classification. The Johnston's Archive manages the asteroid as an extended SDO (ESDO or DO ).

size

A diameter of around 524 km is currently assumed, based on a reflectivity of 8% and an absolute brightness of 4.8  m . Based on this diameter, the total surface area is around 863,000 km 2 . However, this is fraught with some uncertainties, as the estimates range from 400 to 700 km due to the still unknown albedo. The apparent magnitude of 2015 BP 519 is 21.79  m .

Since it can be assumed that 2015 BP 519 is in hydrostatic equilibrium due to its size and must therefore be largely round, it should meet the criteria for classification as a dwarf planet . Mike Brown believes that 2015 BP 519 is likely a dwarf planet.

Provisions of the diameter for 2015 BP 519
year Dimensions km source
2018 584.0 Johnston
2018 524.0 Brown
The most precise determination is marked in bold .


Orbit parameters of highly extreme trans-Neptunian objects with perihelias greater than 30 AU and major semi-axes greater than 250 AU Note: Data taken from MPC, the information is best fits and therefore subject to great uncertainties
object Orbital period T
(years)		 Semi-axis a
(AE)		 Perihelion
q (AE)		 Aphelion
Q (AE)		 eccentricity
e		 Argument of
the periapsis
? (°)		 Inclination
i (°)		 Length of the
rise Node
Ω (°)		 Perihelion
π = ω + Ω (°)		 Absolute brightness
H (mag)
(90377) Sedna 10,590 482.24 76.08 888.39 0.84 311.6 11.9 144.4 96.0 1.5
(474640) 2004 VN 112 5,602 315.41 47.31 583.51 0.85 326.9 25.6 66.0 32.9 6.5
(523622) 2007 TG 422 10.165 469.26 35.55 902.96 0.92 285.6 18.6 112.9 38.5 6.5
2010 GB 174 6,824 359.75 48.79 670.72 0.86 347.7 21.6 130.8 118.5 6.5
2012 VP 113 ("Biden") 4.106 256.40 80.44 432.37 0.69 293.6 24.1 90.7 24.3 4.0
2013 FT 28 5,558 313.77 43.52 584.02 0.86 40.3 17.3 217.8 258.1 6.7
2013 RF 98 6,556 350.30 36.08 664.52 0.90 311.7 29.6 67.6 19.3 8.7
2013 SY 99 ("uo3l91") 17,604 676.71 49.96 1,303.45 0.93 32.3 4.2 29.5 61.8 6.7
2014 FE 72 101.195 2,171.57 36.28 4,306.86 0.98 134.3 20.6 336.8 111.1 6.1
2014 SR 349 5,064 294.90 47.65 542.14 0.84 341.1 18.0 34.8 15.9 6.7
2015 GT 50 ("o5p060") 6,073 332.85 38.46 627.24 0.88 129.3 8.8 46.1 175.4 8.5
2015 KG 163 ("o5m52") 23,718 825.50 40.50 1,610.50 0.95 32.0 14.0 219.1 251.1 8.2
2015 RX 245 ("o5t52") 8,210 406.96 45.52 768.40 0.89 65.3 12.2 8.6 73.9 6.2
2015 BP 519 ("Caju") 8,932 430.48 35.14 825.81 0.92 348.4 54.1 135.2 123.6 4.4
(541132) Leleākūhonua 36,182 1,093.94 64.94 2,122.94 0.94 118.2 11.6 300.8 59.0 5.3

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ R. de la Fuente Marcos et al. a .: A Fruit of a Different Kind: 2015 BP519 as an Outlier among the Extreme Trans-Neptunian Objects (PDF) . In: Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society . 2, No. 3, September 7, 2018, p. 167. arxiv : 1809.02571 . bibcode : 2018RNAAS ... 2c.167D . doi : 10.3847 / 2515-5172 / aadfec .
  2. ↑ a b c Wm. R. Johnston: List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects . Johnston's Archives. October 7, 2018. Accessed March 23, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b MPC : List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects . IAU . Retrieved February 4, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b c 2015 BP519 at the IAU Minor Planet Center (English) Retrieved on March 23, 2019.
  5. ↑ Consisting of T. Li, L. Clerkin, N. Kuropatkin, K. Vivas, David Gerdes, Y. Zhang, M. March, J. Frieman, A. Nadolski, M. Soares-Santos, C. Chang, J. Aleksic, E. Neilsen, A. Zenteno, R. Das, D. Nagasawa, A. Plazas, A. Walker, B. Thomas, R. Bhatawdekar, J. Annis, A. Palmese, C. Burgad, A. Pace, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, S. Everett, Ross Cawthon, L. Gelman, F. Menanteau, J. Poh.
  6. ↑ MPC : MPEC 2018-J36: 2015 BP519 . IAU . May 10, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  7. ↑ J. Becker et al. a .: Discovery and Dynamical Analysis of an Extreme Trans-Neptunian Object with a High Orbital Inclination (PDF) . In: The Astronomical Journal . 156, No. 2, May 14, 2018, p. 81, 17. arxiv : 1805.05355 . bibcode : 2018AJ .... 156 ... 81B . doi : 10.3847 / 1538-3881 / aad042 .
  8. ↑ 2015 BP519 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved March 23, 2019. Template: JPL Small-Body Database Browser / Maintenance / Alt
  9. ^ Marc W. Buie : Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 15BP519 . SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  10. ↑ 2015 BP519 in the database of the "Asteroids - Dynamic Site" (AstDyS-2, English).
  11. ↑ a b Mike Brown : How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . CalTech . November 12, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  12. ↑ Website of the Minor Planet Center (MPC), list of objects with q> 30 and a> 250. International Astronomical Union (IAU), accessed January 19, 2020 .