425 BC Chr.

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425 BC Chr.
The Athenian Strategos Demosthenes defeats a Spartan fleet under Brasidas at the Battle of Pylos .
425 BC Chr. In other calendars
Buddhist calendar	119/120 (southern Buddhism); 118/119 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	37th (38th) cycle , year of the fire dragon 丙辰 ( at the beginning of the year wood rabbit 乙卯)
Greek calendar	3rd / 4th Year of the 88th Olympiad
Jewish calendar	3336/37
Roman calendar	from urbe condita CCCXXIX (329)

Events

Politics and world events

Peloponnesian War in Greece

May: Sparta invades Attica again for 15 days , but the troops are recalled due to the siege of Pylos by Athens.
May to June: Demosthenes occupies the port of Pylos on the southwest coast of the Peloponnese, which is strategically close to Sparta. The Athenian fleet originally set out for Kerkyra , but had to make an emergency landing near Pylos due to a storm. Before the Athenian fleet continues, fortifications are built in Pylos and Demosthenes remains with five triremes and three triremes from Naupaktos . He is attacked by the Spartan fleet, which was on its way to Messenia to counter the unrest that had broken out there. Demosthenes can still remain victorious in the battle of Pylos . The Spartans then move to the island of Sphakteria, which controls the port .
August: The Athenian fleet recalled by Demosthenes returns from Kerkyra, enclosing the Spartan fleet in the Bay of Navarino and the Spartans on Sphakteria are besieged. A ceasefire is to be negotiated, combined with the condition that the Spartans hand over their fleet of 60 ships to Athens. However, Kleon brings the negotiations to failure. The Spartans then succumb to the troops of Athens led by Cleon and Demosthenes in the battle of Sphakteria . 120 Spartans are taken hostage who are to be executed if the Spartans invade Attica again.
After his victory at Sphakteria, Kleon rose to be the leading figure in Athens (425–422 BC).
According to Thucydides, the demoralized Spartans slaughtered helots after the defeat of Sphakteria 2000 - a sign of the widespread fear among the constantly reducing upper class of Sparta.
Beginning of September: Nikias expedition against Corinth , Epidauros and Troizen . In the vicinity of Corinth, after the landing of the Athenian fleet, the battle of Solygeia takes place , in which the Athenians remain victorious over Corinth, but order their troops back onto the ships before the Corinthians advance. The Athenians then plundered the area around Krommyon, Epidauros and Troizen, true to their strategy of pinpricks.
September: Decree of the Thoudippos , which demands double tribute payments from the Confederates of the Attic League .

Italy

November 19 : in Rome occurred Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus , Lucius Furius Medullinus , Aulus Sempronius Atratinus and Lucius Horatius Barbatus her post as a military tribune with consular authority at.

Around 425 BC Chr .: The Samnites conquer under the rule of Osker standing Pompeii .

Achaemenid Empire

The late Artaxerxes I was succeeded by his son Xerxes II as ruler of the Achaemenid Empire .

China

In China the Warring King will Weilie new King of the Zhou Dynasty .

Culture

architecture

On the Acropolis , Kallikrates begins construction work on the Temple of Nikes (approximate date).

Visual arts

In Greece the so called Rich Style is initiated.

Literature and theater

January: The comedy Die Acharner by Aristophanes premieres at the Lenaia and wins first prize there.
Sophocles completes his tragedy, King Oedipus .

425 / v 424th Chr . : The play Hecabe by Euripides is performed for the first time.

nature and environment

October 9th : A lunar eclipse can be observed in Greece .

Died

Epitadas , Spartan military leader
Lycophron , Corinthian military leader

around 527/425 BC Chr .: Mahavira , Indian founder of Jainism (* around 599 BC / 497 BC )

Web links

Commons : 425 BC Chr. - collection of pictures, videos and audio files