Abelia

Abelia
	Inflorescence of the hybrid large-flowered abelia ( Abelia × grandiflora )
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids II
Order :	Cardigans (Dipsacales)
Family :	Honeysuckle Family (Caprifoliaceae)
Subfamily :	Linnaeoideae
Genre :	Abelia
Scientific name
	Abelia
	R.Br.

The Abelia ( Abelia ) are a genus of rich flowering trees from the honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae). The genus Abelia have a disjoint area in East Asia and Mexico .

description

Illustration by Abelia uniflora

Appearance and leaves

Abelia species are low to medium-high, deciduous or evergreen shrubs with small, ovate-rounded winter buds . The leaves are opposite, rarely in whorls of three to four. They are short stalked and have no stipules . The leaf blade is entire or has a serrated leaf margin.

Flowers and fruits

Many flowers are single or in pairs in the leaf axils. The fragrant flowers are hermaphroditic. The two to five sepals are elongated-elliptical and enlarge more or less until the fruit is ripe. The white, yellow, pink or red crown is five-lobed, slightly zygomorphic, tubular, funnel-shaped or bell-shaped. The ovary is subordinate and triple, with only one subject being fertile. Each flower contains four stamens . The elongated, leathery achenes are crowned by the durable chalice.

Systematics and distribution

Abelia chinensis inflorescences

The genus Abelia now belongs to the subfamily Linnaeoideae within the family of Caprifoliaceae . It was set up by Robert Brown in 1818 . The generic name Abelia honors the British doctor, botanist and naturalist Clarke Abel (1789–1826). The genus used to include around 40 species, since 2011 only five and since 2013 10 (15 to 18 or up to around 25) species. The other species belong to the two genera Zabelia Rehder and Biflorae (Zabel) Fukuoka .

The genus Abelia have a disjoint area and thrive in temperate mountain climates in East Asia and Mexico. Abelia species are found in Asia in the People's Republic of China , Taiwan , the Ryūkyū Islands and Mexico .

The genus Abelia has been used since Villarreal et al. 2013 divided into the two sections Abelia and Vesalea :

In the Flora of China 2011 only five species were placed in the genus Abelia , one of which was a hybrid ; the two species Abelia uniflora and Abelia macrotera are placed in a species complex; Section Abelia :
- Abelia chinensis R.Br. (Syn .: Abelia aschersoniana (Graebn.) Rehder , Abelia cavaleriei H.Lév. , Abelia hanceana M. Martens ex Hance , Abelia ionandra Hayata , Abelia lipoensis M.T. An & GQGou , Abelia rupestris Lindl. ): It thrives at altitudes of 200 up to 1500 meters in the Chinese provinces of Fujian , Guangdong , Guangxi , Guizhou , Henan , Hubei , Hunan , Jiangsu , Jiangxi , Sichuan , Yunnan , Zhejiang , Taiwan and on the Ryūkyū Islands . Their varieties are used as ornamental plants.
- Large-flowered Abelia ( Abelia × grandiflora (Rovelli ex André) Rehder = Abelia uniflora × Abelia chinensis ): It is only known from culture. Their varieties are used as ornamental plants in the temperate latitudes.
- Abelia forrestii (Diels) WWSmith (Syn .: Abelia gracilenta W.W.Smith , Abelia microphylla (WWSmith) Golubkova ): It thrives on sunny mountain slopes and in bushes at altitudes of 1900 to 3300 meters only in the Chinese provinces of southwest Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan.
- Abelia macrotera (Graebn. & Buchw.) Rehder (Syn .: Abelia deutziifolia (H.Lév.) H.Lév. , Abelia graebneriana Rehder ): It thrives in thickets and forests at altitudes of 200 to 2000 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi , Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi , Sichuan and Yunnan.
- Abelia uniflora R.Br. (Syn .: Abelia engleriana (Graebn.) Rehder , Abelia longituba Rehder , Abelia mairei H.Lév. , Abelia myrtilloides Rehder , Abelia parvifolia Hemsl. , Abelia schischkinii Golubkova , Abelia schumannii (Graebn.) Rehder , Abelia tereticalyx (Graebn. & Buchw.) Rehder , Abelia verticillata H.Lév. ): It thrives in thickets and forests at altitudes of 200 to 2000 meters in the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Gansu , Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan.

Flowers of Abelia floribunda

In 2013 Villarreal et al. Published that the five Mexican species of this family group, and thus all species of the New World, in a section Vesalea (M. Martens & Galeotti) Fukuoka belong back to the genus Abelia :
- Abelia coriacea Hemsl. : It occurs with two varieties in the Sierra Madre Oriental .
- Abelia grandifolia Villarreal : It occurs in Querétaro.
- Abelia floribunda (M. Martens & Galeotti) Decne. (Syn .: Vesalea floribunda M. Martens & Galeotti ): It occurs with two varieties in Oaxaca and Chiapas.
- Abelia mexicana Villarreal : It occurs in Oaxaca.
- Abelia occidentalis Villarreal : It thrives in the Sierra Madre Occidental at two localities in southern Durango and northern Jalisco.

The variety Abelia × grandiflora 'Edward Goucher'

use

Varieties of some Abelia species are used as ornamental plants because of their numerous, beautiful, fragrant flowers . Only a few varieties are sufficiently frost hardy to be used as ornamental shrubs in parks and gardens in the temperate latitudes.

swell

Qiner Yang & Sven Landrein: Linnaeaceae. : Abelia , p. 644 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 19: Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, March 9, 2011. ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9 (Sections Systematics, Distribution and Description)
José Á. Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Luis Villaseñor-Ríos, Eduardo Estrada-Castillón: Sistemática del género Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) en México with an English-language summary Systematics of the genus Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) in Mexico , In: Acta Botánica Mexicana , Volume 102, 2013 99–128: online full-text PDF. (Sections Systematics and Distribution)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 60.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Qiner Yang & Sven Landrein: Linnaeaceae. : Abelia , p. 644 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 19: Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, March 9, 2011. ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9
^ ^A ^b Abelia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
↑ ^a ^b ^c José Á. Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Luis Villaseñor-Ríos, Eduardo Estrada-Castillón: Sistemática del género Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) en México with an English-language summary Systematics of the genus Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) in Mexico , In: Acta Botánica Mexicana , Volume 102, 2013 99–128: online full-text PDF.

Web links

Commons : Abelia ( Abelia ) - collection of images, videos and audio files

Flora of Pakistan

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[Roloff2008-1] Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use. With a winter key from Bernd Schulz. 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , p. 60.

[FoC-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Qiner Yang & Sven Landrein: Linnaeaceae. : Abelia , p. 644 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 19: Cucurbitaceae through Valerianaceae, with Annonaceae and Berberidaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, March 9, 2011. ISBN 978-1-935641-04-9

[GRIN-3] A ^b Abelia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 14, 2014.

[Burkhardt2018-4] Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]

[Villarreal2013-5] José Á. Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Luis Villaseñor-Ríos, Eduardo Estrada-Castillón: Sistemática del género Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) en México with an English-language summary Systematics of the genus Abelia (Caprifoliaceae) in Mexico , In: Acta Botánica Mexicana , Volume 102, 2013 99–128: online full-text PDF.