Adolph Friedrich Vollmer

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Adolph Friedrich Vollmer around 1845

Adolph Friedrich Vollmer (born December 17, 1806 in Hamburg ; † February 12, 1875 there ) was a German landscape and marine painter and graphic artist from the Hamburg School . Together with Christian Morgenstern, he is one of the pioneers of early painterly realism in Hamburg.

Life

Adolph Friedrich Vollmer: Early self-portrait
Portrait of Adolph Friedrich Vollmer, 1859. Detail of the picture: Members of Günther and Martin Gensler's Hamburg artists' association
Günther u. Martin Gensler: Members of the Hamburger Künstlerverein, 1859. (from left): Günther Gensler , Otto Speckter , Adolph Friedrich Vollmer, Martin Gensler , Rudolf Hardorff

Adolph Friedrich Vollmer grew up as the son of a Hamburg accountant, Johann Peter Vollmer (1779–1849), in the simplest of circumstances. He and his father were among the tens of thousands who had to leave Hamburg in the winter of 1813, during the so-called “ French era ”.

Against the resistance of his father, he started an apprenticeship in the graphics workshop of the Suhr brothers and spent a year and a half with Cornelius Suhr through Germany, during which time he was little different from Suhr's servant. He then became a student of Friedrich Rosenberg in Altona (1758–1833) without this having had any great influence on him. Probably on the advice of Freiherr von Rumohr , patron and sponsor of many of the young Hamburg artists, whom he met in 1826 through the art dealer Georg Ernst Harzen (1790–1863), Vollmer completed his training at the academy in Copenhagen under Eckersberg (1831–1832). After his return in 1832 he founded the Hamburg Artists' Association together with 13 Hamburg artists . Again on Rumohr's advice Vollmer went to Munich in 1833 as Morgenstern had done before him, but seems to have kept “a certain distance” from Morgenstern and Rottmann .

From Munich he went on study trips to Constance , Tyrol , Salzburg , Venice , Le Havre and the Netherlands .

Back in Hamburg in 1839, Vollmer married Auguste Amale Behrmann (1815–1855), granddaughter of Pastor Behrmann, Archdeacon of St. Petri. He had five children from this marriage, including the future architect Johannes Vollmer , and three other children from his second marriage to Julie Natalie de la Camp. A daughter from this second marriage married the famous gynecologist Johann Friedrich Ahlfeld in 1891 . Two of his grandchildren, sons of Johannes Vollmer, are the art historian and encyclopaedist Hans Vollmer and the painter and sculptor Erwin Vollmer .

Vollmer went blind in 1866; he died in 1875 in the mental hospital in Hamburg-Friedrichsberg.

plant

Port of Hamburg, 1840
(pencil, tinted sepia 21 × 26 cm)

In his landscapes and views of the Hamburg harbor, Vollmer breaks with the vedute painting by the Suhr brothers; his landscapes also have nothing of the transcendental romanticism of Caspar David Friedrich, who is 30 years his senior, nor do they relate to social positions, as the younger Menzel would later do. His work is more in the tradition of the great Dutch landscape painters of the 17th century, such as Salomon van Ruysdael, for example. Dammann wrote in 1910: “The desired and achieved effect is not space per se, but control and design of space in every depth.” Vollmer primarily stuck to the small format. Here he managed to create width and depth with very fine strokes. According to the contemporary judgment of the art historian Georg Kaspar Nagler, Adolph Friedrich Vollmer is one of the greatest marine painters of his time and Gerhard Kaufmann wrote 120 years later: “Among the few German marine painters, he ranks high in his lively, light-filled portrayals of the port of Hamburg and the Elbe . "

As in the works of the other Hamburg artists of his generation ( Jacob Gensler , Gurlitt , Morgenstern , ...) there is a discrepancy between the small, sober nature studies - for example the Holstein landscape from 1827 - and the idealizing compositions that the buyers valued. According to Leppien , “the open-air studies were her real artistic achievement, her contribution to European landscape painting of the 19th century”. Kegel (2001) also judges similarly: The lively small-format studies of nature are "embellished", especially in Vollmer's later work, solidify and approach the genre images valued by the public.

Works by Adolph Friedrich Vollmer can be found in the Hamburger Kunsthalle , the Museum of Hamburg History , the Altona Museum , the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg , the State Art Museum in Copenhagen and the British Museum London. The Philadelphia Museum of Art keeps a complete set of his etchings, including many proofs.

Exhibitions (selection)

literature

Web links

Commons : Adolph Friedrich Vollmer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Adolph Friedrich Vollmer . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 34 : Urliens – Vzal . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1940, p. 527 .
  2. ^ Kegel: In: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History. Volume / year, No. 83,1, 1997, p. 345 u. Note 13.
  3. ↑ Ernst Vollmer (1858–1945, son of AFV): Some things from my life, unpublished. Manuscript, Vollmer archive.
  4. ↑ Andresen: Volume 3, Weigel, Leipzig 1872, (un.Reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1971), p. 24.
  5. ^ A b Andresen: Volume 3, Weigel, Leipzig 1872, (un.Reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1971), p. 25.
  6. ↑ Lier. In: ADB . Volume 40, 1896, pp. 251-252.
  7. ^ Adolph Friedrich Vollmer . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 34 : Urliens – Vzal . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1940, p. 527 . u. Kegel 1997, p. 364 and Note 73.
  8. ↑ However, "there were discrepancies between Vollmer and Rumohr about the appropriate representation of nature. Vollmer considered the faithful reproduction of nature and its thorough study to be more important than his patron" (KvO, In: Im Lichte Caspar David Friedrichs - Early open-air painting in Denmark and Northern Germany. Catalog for the 1999/2000 exhibition in the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, the Hamburger Kunsthalle and the Thorvaldsens Museum, Copenhagen, p. 51. Also: Kegel 2001, 1583. and Kegel 1997, 359, Note 5.)
  9. ↑ Kegel 2001, 1583-4.
  10. ↑ Dr. Rudolph Gerhard Behrmann (1743–1827) had baptized Adolph Friedrich Vollmer on January 15, 1807 (see excerpt from the baptismal register ).
  11. ↑ NDB . Volume 1, Berlin, 1953, p. 111.
  12. ↑ Erwin Vollmer . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 34 : Urliens – Vzal . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1940, p. 528 .
  13. ↑ Dammann: Panorama and Tafellandschaft - Beginnings and early days of landscape painting in Hamburg until 1830. Printed by Lütcke & Wulff (Distribution Commetersche Kunsthandlung), Hamburg 1910, pp. 71–73.
  14. ^ Dammann: Hamburg 1910, p. 67.
  15. ^ Nagler: Volume 20, E. A. Fleischmann, Munich 1850, p. 516.
  16. ↑ In: Gerhard Wietek (Ed.): Painter Seeing Blankenese - Catalog for the exhibition of the Altona Museum in the BAT House, Hamburg 1969, pp. 7–8.
  17. ↑ Leppien 1999/2000, 27.
  18. ↑ For example, Kegel (2001) describes the picture of the Stangenmühlengrund in the Sachsenwald from 1852, which was unusually large for Vollmer, as an "artful staging", "dramatically illuminated" with "obligatory deer".
personal data
SURNAME Vollmer, Adolph Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vollmer, Adolf Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German landscape and marine painter and graphic artist
DATE OF BIRTH December 17, 1806
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1875
Place of death Hamburg