Adrian I. von Bubenberg

Adrian von Bubenberg rides to Murten

Signature of
Adrian von Bubenberg

Bubenberg discs in the Bern Minster (top three rows)

Adrian von Bubenberg (* around 1434 in Bern ; † beginning of August 1479 there ) was Bernese mayor and defender of Murten in the Burgundian Wars .

Life

Bubenberg was the son of Heinrich IV von Bubenberg and Anna von Rosenegg (1424–1482). He was a page at the Burgundian court of Philip the Good and married Jacobea von Neuchâtel-Valangin († before 1457) in 1454, his second marriage in 1457 to Jeanne de La Sarraz († after 1480). Bubenberg joined the Grand Council in 1451 and from 1454 to 1455 he served as a substitute and from 1457 to 1461 as a regular Vogt at Lenzburg Castle . He was baron of Spiez and lord of Strättligen, Mannenberg, Reutigen, Radelfingen, Schadau and Wartenfels (today Canton of Solothurn). In 1465 he became a member of the Small Council of Bern. On his pilgrimage to Jerusalem he was awarded in 1466 at the Holy grave the accolade as the Knights of the Holy grave . In 1468 he was first elected mayor of Bern (then again from 1473 to 1474 and 1477 to 1479). In the same year he had the supreme command of the Bernese troops in the Sundgau train . In 1469 he stayed with Brother Klaus in Ranft to witness his fasting. From 1470 to 1471 he was the spokesman for the city nobility in the Bernese Twingherrenstreit . Embassies took him to Savoy, Burgundy and the empire. Before the Burgundian Wars, Bubenberg opposed the offensive alliance with France against the Duchy of Burgundy advocated by the majority of the council under the leadership of Niklaus von Diesbach. This led to his expulsion from the council on July 10, 1475 and the ban on further political activities.

In April 1476 he was elected commander of Murten, who withstood a twelve-day siege before the battle of Murten on June 22nd brought relief. In Bern he was again mayor. In August 1479 Adrian von Bubenberg died of a plague-like illness. It was probably a gas fire after an injury and infection with the bacterium Clostridium perfringens . His always precarious pecuniary situation continued after his death.

In the winter of 1480/81 the Roman Abbreviator (apostolic protonotary) Nicolao Garriliati came to Bern with a parchment with a lead seal, which supposedly guaranteed him the benefice of the Rüeggisberg priory , but the city council of Bern was responsible for awarding it. The council rejected the request. The Roman official then tried to put the council under pressure. He said: Actually Adrian von Bubenberg should not have been buried in the St. Vinzenz Minster, the body had to be removed there and thrown outside the city walls. This points to a latent excommunication. But for what fact? In any case, no one has ever been excommunicated or banned for their debts. Nothing really became known except for one event: On April 27, 1469 Adrian von Bubenberg was staying in Ranft ( Obwalden ) with the hermit Niklaus von Flüe , when he was subjected to an inquisition by the Constance vicar general and auxiliary bishop. When the spiritual test escalated and the hermit threatened to suffocate, one of the few confederates standing around intervened with the words: Should Niklaus die, the life of the bishop would be shortened. At that time, the threat of a bishop was excommunicated. This was never expressed here, but it may have been latent. - The body stayed in the minster. For this Garriliati received the benefice and also became a citizen of Bern and canon of the diocese of Lausanne.

Adrian's sister, Johanna von Bubenberg, was married to Andreas Roll von Bonstetten , a vassal of Duke Siegmund of Austria , but with civil rights in Zurich and Bern. He was in command of an Austrian troop in the Burgundian Wars, for whose maintenance he had to pay himself. In doing so, he had got into debt and probably called in his brother-in-law as guarantor. At least this is how Adrian's indebtedness could be explained. Andreas von Bonstetten had a brother, the early humanist Albrecht von Bonstetten .

ancestors

Pedigree of Adrian von Bubenberg
Great-great-grandparents	Johann II von Bubenberg ∞ Anna von Grünenberg	Konrad von Sumiswald ∞ Adelheid	Philipp von Ringgenberg ∞ Margaretha von Hunwil	Niklaus von Blankenburg ∞ Elisabeth II. Von Schweinsberg	Werner von Rosenegg ∞ NN	Hugo von Gutenburg ∞ Judenta von Bürglen	Ulrich Diebold von Hasenburg ∞ Benedikta von Aarburg	Count Walram III. from Thierstein ∞ NN from Rappoltstein
Great-grandparents	Johann III. von Bubenberg ∞ Margaretha von Sumiswald		Petermann von Ringgenberg ∞ Küngold von Blankenburg		Hans von Rosenegg ∞ Margaretha von Gutenburg		Hans Ulrich von Hasenburg († 1386) ∞ Verena von Thierstein
Grandparents	Henry III. von Bubenberg ∞ Petrissa von Ringgenberg				Hans von Rosenegg ∞ Johann von Hasenburg
parents	Heinrich IV. Von Bubenberg (1407–1464) ∞ around 1420 Anna von Rosenegg (1424–1482)
Adrian von Bubenberg († 1479)

progeny

His first wife gave birth to Dorothea von Bubenberg (1455–1516), who in 1470 married Albrecht von Mülinen . Jeanne de la Sarraz gave birth to Adrian , Philipp and Eva. Eva von Bubenberg married Petermann von Raron. In addition, Bubenberg had two illegitimate daughters named Afra and Agatha. Afra married Gilian Sumer, Herr zu Rümligen, and Agatha married Thomas Schöni , Gubernator zu Aigle , in 1474 .

reception

The 2015 renovated Bubenberg monument by Max Leu on Hirschengraben in Bern

Bubenberg monument in Spiez (2015)

With the pictorial chronicles of his contemporary Diebold Schilling the Elder , Bubenberg's stylization began well into the 20th century. In numerous historical, literary and musical works he was depicted as a selfless hero and savior of the fatherland, for example with Rudolf von Tavel's biography published in 1931 with the title Ring i der Chetti . Several monuments were erected in his honor: the Bubenberg monument by Max Leu in Bern (1897), on the facade of today's main building of the Bernese Kantonalbank , on the terrace of Spiez Castle, the monument to Karl Stauffer-Bern and in Walhalla near Regensburg .

In Zurich's district 3 (Giesshübel district), a small street is named after him.

swell

• Marriage contract for Adrian von Bubenberg and Johanna von La Sarraz. Concept by the hand of Jacob Hüglin, State Archives of the Canton of Bern , documents HA Spiez April 24, 1457
• Heinrich von Bubenberg transfers the Schadau ob Scherzligen house to his son Adrian von Bubenberg as a free man's fief , Bern State Archives, documents HA Spiez November 10, 1459
• Testament (copy) of Adrian von Bubenberg , Bern State Archives, AI 835

Fiction

• Rudolf von Tavel: Ring i dr Chetti (1931)
• Thomas Vaucher : The Lion of Burgundy. A historical novel at the time of Charles the Bold (2010)

theatre

• Karl Munzinger: Adrian von Bubenberg. Patriotic Festival in five acts (1895)

literature

• Ueli Bellwald (Ed.): The Erlacherhof in Bern. Building history, restoration, tour. Bern 1980, ISBN 3-7272-9051-X .
• Leo Otto Breiter:  Bubenberg, Adrian von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 694 ( digitized version ).
• Rudolf Fetscherin: Adrian von Bubenberg's will. In: Berner Taschenbuch on the year 1852. Digitized
• Sergius Golowin : Adrian von Bubenberg and the Crown of Burgundy. A knight's youth and eastward journey in the time of the turning point. Bern 1976, ISBN 3-85585-019-4 .
• Alfred Heubach: Spiez Castle, Spiez , Spiez Castle Foundation 1984.
• Basilius Hidber : Adrian von Bubenberg. Life and character image of a Bernese hero from the fifteenth century with regard to the culture and customs of that time. Bern 1859 digitized
• Emanuel von Rodt: Thüring Frickards, town clerk in Bern Description of the Twingherren controversy there in 1470. Bern 1837 digitized
• Hermann Specker: handwriting and seal of Adrian von Bubenberg. In: Berner Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Heimatkunde , vol. 21 (1959), pp. 16–28, digitized
• Carl Ludwig Stettler: Adrian von Bubenberg, knight, mayor of the city of Bern. A biographical sketch. Bern 1828.
• Gertrud Streit: On the history of Schloss Wartenfels and the relationship between Lostorf and Hegau. In: Oltner Neujahrsblatt , 59, 2001, pp. 29–31.
• Karl F. Wälchli: Adrian von Bubenberg. Bern 1979.
• Karl F. Wälchli: Bubenberg, Adrian I. von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Alfred Ziegler: Adrian von Bubenberg and his intervention in the most important circumstances of the time. Bern 1887, digitized

Web links

Commons : Adrian von Bubenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Brother Klaus and Ritter Adrian von Bubenberg ( Memento from May 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (with source documentation)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Sources Brother Klaus: The Episcopal Examination, No. 4 ( Memento from October 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
2. ^ Sources Brother Klaus: A holy life in a nutshell, in a Munich manuscript , No. 69 ( Memento from August 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ Dürst brothers

predecessor	Office	successor
Niklaus von Diesbach	Schultheiss of Bern	Peter Kistler