Albert Ladenburg

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Albert Ladenburg (around 1900)

Albert Ladenburg (born July 2, 1842 in Mannheim ; died August 15, 1911 in Breslau , Lower Silesia ) was a German chemist .

family

Ladenburg came from a well-known Jewish family in Mannheim and was the son of the lawyer and economist Leopold Ladenburg (1809–1889) and Delphine Picard (1814–1882) from Strasbourg in Alsace . Like Albert Ladenburg himself, she was the grandchild of the bank's founder, Wolf Ladenburg . As a result of this generational shift, Delphine Picard was not only Albert Ladenburg's mother, but also his cousin.

On September 19, 1875, he married Margarethe Pringsheim (born January 14, 1855; died 1909), the daughter of the botanist and plant physiologist Nathanael Pringsheim (1823-1894).

His son was the physicist Rudolf Ladenburg .

Albert Ladenburg was a very good pianist , was friends with Johannes Brahms and played four hands with Clara Schumann . The family home in Pringsheim and the Chemical Institute in Breslau were the epitome of modern bourgeoisie at the turn of the century.

Life

Ladenburg (standing, right) near Kekulé in Gent (around 1866)

Ladenburg studied mathematics and modern languages ​​at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic from 1858 to 1860 , then chemistry and physics in Heidelberg until 1861 and finally physics in Berlin in 1862 . He received his doctorate in 1863 at Robert Bunsen Dr. phil. in Heidelberg.

In Ghent , from the spring of 1865, Ladenburg stayed for six months with Kekulé , who made him familiar with structural chemistry. He then worked for 18 months in Paris with Charles Friedel on organosilicon compounds and then on organotin compounds alone .

In 1867 he returned to Heidelberg, where he received his habilitation in the following year due to the work he had submitted up to then . Bunsen , who was his teacher during his Heidelberg studies, granted him this without a special habilitation thesis. Ladenburg became a private lecturer on January 8, 1868 and on March 30, 1872 he was appointed associate professor in Heidelberg.

On October 25, 1872, he was appointed full professor of chemistry and director of the new chemical laboratory at Kiel University. Today the “ Ladenburg Hall ” is named after him. On October 1, 1889, Ladenburg went to the University of Breslau . The later journalist and editor-in-chief Hugo Reinhart attended lectures with him. On October 1, 1909, Ladenburg had to give up teaching due to illness. In 1900 he founded the Wroclaw Chemical Society , which he headed until 1910. His lecture on the influence of the natural sciences on worldview , given at the 75th meeting of German natural scientists and doctors on September 21, 1903 in Kassel and published in Leipzig in the same year, was widely discussed.

Scientific work

Ladenburg was involved with Kekulé in the discussion to elucidate the structural formula of benzene . His idea of ​​a prismatic molecule was wrong, but the structure of “Ladenburg benzene” he proposed was synthesized as a prism in 1973 :

Valence isomers of benzene

Ladenburg determined the constitution of atropine in 1879 and synthesized racemic coniine in 1886, which was the first total synthesis of an alkaloid and therefore went down in history under the name of Ladenburg synthesis . In addition, he succeeded in the synthesis of piperidine (1884) and piperazine (1888).

Honors and memberships

bibliography

  • Life memories. Wroclaw 1912.
  • With Margarete Ladenburg (translation and ed.), Berthelot and L. Pean de Saint-Gilles: Investigations on the affinities. About the formation and decomposition of the ethers. Verlag W. Engelmann, Leipzig 1910.
  • Albert Ladenburg (ed.), August Kekulé : About the constitution and metamorphoses of chemical compounds and about the chemical nature of carbon. Studies on aromatic compounds. Academic Publishing Company, Leipzig 1904.
  • With Margarete Ladenburg (translation and ed.), Louis Pasteur : About the asymmetry in naturally occurring organic compounds. Academic Publishing Company, Leipzig 1907.
  • With Margarete Ladenburg (translation with annotations and ed.), Karl Adolph Wurtz : Treatise on glycols or diatomic alcohols and on ethylene oxide as a link between organic and mineral chemistry. W. Engelmann publishing house, Leipzig 1909.

Works

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Albert Ladenburg  - Sources and full texts

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Fred Ludwig Sepaintner (Ed.): Badische Biographien: On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg - New Series Volume V. 168-170, 2005.
  2. ^ Biographical data, publications and academic family tree of Albert Ladenburg at academictree.org, accessed on February 25, 2018.
  3. ^ A b Priesner, Claus: `` Ladenburg, Albert '', in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 13 (1982), pp. 390–391.
  4. ↑ Hugo Reinhart's curriculum vitae . In: (From the Zoological Institute of the University of Breslau) About the finer structure of some Nephthyids. "Inaugural dissertation to obtain the doctorate of the high philosophical faculty of the Königl. University of Breslau "submitted and published with your permission by Hugo Reinhart from Breslau", Verlag Gustav Fischer, Jena 1907, appendix.
  5. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Sixth edition. Twelfth volume. Keyword: Ladenburg, Albert, p. 27; Reprint: Verlag Forgotten Books , 2018, ISBN 978-0484969215
  6. ↑ Entry on Ladenburg synthesis. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on January 19, 2014.
  7. ↑ Manfred Hesse: '' Alkaloids: Curse or Blessing of Nature? ''. Zurich: Wiley-VCH, 2000. ISBN 3-906390-19-5 .
  8. ↑ '' Online Edition: Lexicon of Natural Scientists ''. Berlin: Directmedia Publ., 2003. Lexicon of persons: “Ladenburg, Albert”.
  9. ^ A. Albert Baker, Jr: "Ladenburg, Albert", Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography , Vol. 7. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008. 551-552. `` Gale Virtual Reference Library, '' accessed January 19, 2014.
  10. ^ A b W. Herz: Albert Ladenburg. In: Reports of the German Chemical Society. 45, 1912, pp. 3597-3644, doi : 10.1002 / cber.191204503118 .
  11. ^ Henry Monmouth Smith: `` Torchbearers of Chemistry: Portraits and Brief Biographies of Scientists who Have Contributed to the Making of Modern Chemistry ''. New York: Academic Press 1949.
  12. ^ Members of the previous academies. Albert Ladenburg. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences , accessed on April 20, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Ladenburg, Albert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH July 2, 1842
PLACE OF BIRTH Mannheim
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 1911
Place of death Wroclaw , Lower Silesia