Lichtenberg old parish church
The old parish church Lichtenberg , the old Lichtenberg village church , is an early Gothic rectangular field stone building in the Berlin district of Lichtenberg . It dates from the 13th century and has been rebuilt, destroyed and rebuilt several times. The church is next to the community center Am Fennpfuhl one of two church buildings of the Evangelical parish Lichtenberg, which belongs to the parish of Lichtenberg-Oberspree in the Sprengel Berlin of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia . It is a listed building .
location
The church stands diagonally in the northern part of the former Lichtenberger Dorfanger , today's Loeperplatz . The busy Möllendorffstraße leads right and left around this square.
The church building
The Lichtenberger Alte Pfarrkirche is a simple, rectangular field stone building without a choir with a gable roof . The square tower has a small pointed helmet made of sheet copper in a Gothic shape. In addition to the main entrance on the tower from the west, there is a side entrance from the east through a small sacristy built on the north side . The relatively narrow, reconstructed Gothic lace-arched windows are simple, only two windows facing east on both sides of the altar have simple figural stained glass , the rest of them only have colored diamond bands.
In the slightly elevated eastern part of the interior of the altar with a large plain wooden cross, the inscription VIVIT ( latin , he lives') carries a brick pulpit and also brick font with a silvered latemedieval brass - baptismal from which a silver-plated inscription from 1767, the only remaining part of the old interior. The wooden pews and a wooden cladding of the roof characterize the interior.
Under the tower is a gallery with a small organ , which was made in 1964 by the Potsdam organ building company Alexander Schuke . The instrument was built and planned based on baroque building principles . It has ten stops on two manuals and a pedal . The actions are mechanical.
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In the tower hang two large steel bells (according to the inscription: "Sacrificed for the fatherland's defense in 1917 - renewed for God's honor in 1923", so a replica), hung on a metal rod, and the smaller old bell from the 14th / 15th centuries. Century (without inscription), which is attached to a wooden beam.
history
The Lichtenberg village church, Protestant since the Reformation in Brandenburg in 1539, was built in the second half of the 13th century from relatively carefully squared field stones. At first it had no tower, the church interior was provided with a flat ceiling. As with all medieval village churches in Brandenburg, it can be assumed that stone construction had a wooden predecessor, because as a rule at least 30 years passed before the funds for expensive stone church construction were accumulated. The portals and windows were ogival . The plastered east gable has shown three Gothic niches since 1954 . On the south wall of the hall, the remains of two portals can be seen: one with a brick frame and very likely ogival arch, while further to the right there is a portal with mostly black field stones , which suggests a rounded arch . The finding is not clear, however, because the complete arch is no longer completely available.
In 1391 the city of Berlin bought the village of Lichtenberg, thereby gaining the right of patronage over the church. In 1459 the church still had its own pastor and belonged to the Berlin Provost. With the conversion of the sovereign, Elector Joachim II , from Catholicism to Lutheranism in 1539 , the church also became Protestant. As early as 1541, Lichtenberg was a branch church of Rosenfelde . The then very small Lichtenberg congregation was also looked after by the Rosenfeld preacher. In the late Gothic , around 1500, a thorough renovation of the interior took place in accordance with the taste of the time: a two-aisled cross vault was drawn in; for this, two additional pillars had to be erected in the church.
In 1792, an over-proportioned square church tower with an octagonal lantern and a helmet-topped hood was added to the building , which was structurally altered several times. During the construction of this tall tower made of rectangular bricks, the basic building was probably reinforced with massive buttresses on the west wall for static security. During the renovation carried out around 1880, the tower of the church got the appearance it retained until the Second World War .
Around 1816/1820, when the life of the community was back to normal after the wars of liberation , repair and renovation work could be carried out inside the church for 2,300 thalers . The money was partly raised by the parish and the rest provided by grants from the city of Lichtenberg. The vaults from the 16th century were removed again in 1846. At that time the building received a new entrance on the east side, the windows were widened, the altar was moved to the west and a small organ was installed. From 1850 the Lichtenberg community again had its own pastor.
A “great moral scandal” can be found in the archives in 1860: the teacher and sexton Musehold was caught during a shepherd's hour with a maid in the church tower, of all places, and then lost his office.
Since the small village church was no longer sufficient due to the strong growth of Lichtenberg and its population at the turn of the 20th century, a new larger church, the Religious Church, was built between 1903 and 1905 . The congregation subsequently called itself after its two churches the Evangelical Church Congregation of the Parish and Belief Church . In 1912, the architect Haase had a neo-Gothic vestibule built on the east side of the parish church for the new church entrance.
At the end of the Second World War, the church was badly damaged by bombs , and fire and wood theft did theirs. An expert report from 1949 indicates damage of 85 percent. The church could only be repaired and reconstructed with great difficulty between 1950 and 1954, whereby the church interior was redesigned in a Spartan modern, the windows were regotized, that is, narrowed again. Instead of the large dome, the church tower was initially given a flat roof, and around 1965/1966, according to plans by the architect Wollenberg, a smaller, pointed helmet made of sheet copper in a Gothic shape.
During the reconstruction after the war destruction in the 20th century, the altar got its place again in the east of the church, the entrance and the vestibule on this side disappeared again. In 1964, the Potsdam organ builder Alexander Schuke built today's organ. In 2009, the roof of the old parish church was renovated for around 300,000 euros.
The left of the entrance to the church since October 2001 in a conspicuous place on a stone round pedestal an urn of white marble as a monument to Anna Catherine (Catharina) Schadow, the mother of the famous sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow that this with the dedication of the good mother build let. Anna Schadow, the widow of a tailor, moved to Lichtenberg with her children in 1788 and died there in 1797. The original monument was the last remaining tomb in the churchyard that used to surround the church. It was lost in World War II and was rebuilt for around 18,000 euros and placed right next to the entrance to the church.
Use of the church
After the Church of Faith was transferred to the Coptic Church , the old parish church was again the only church in the former Protestant parish of Alt-Lichtenberg. Except for Sunday services, the church is regularly used for concerts. On September 1, 2013, the neighboring parishes of Alt-Lichtenberg and Am Fennpfuhl merged to form the Evangelical Parish of Lichtenberg, after having worked closely together for many years.
The church rooms are also used regularly for discussions on current topics or for art projects. For example, in 2019 took place on 10 and 11 May sound performances under the title away - close place: the art collective WAH (the artists Anja W boar, Jagna A nderson and Dodi H elschinger) presented the past as imaginary reverberation is on the days mentioned we went. the person Marguerite Porète , who was burned at the stake in 1310.
literature
- The architectural and art monuments in the GDR. Capital Berlin . Vol. II. Institute for Monument Preservation at Henschelverlag, Berlin 1987.
- Jan Feustel : Walks in Lichtenberg. Berlin reminiscences . 75. Haude and Spener Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-7759-0409-3 .
- Markus Cante: Churches until 1618 , in: Berlin and its buildings, Part VI: Sacred buildings. Ed .: Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin , Berlin 1997, p. 336.
- Matthias Friske : The medieval churches on the Barnim. History - architecture - equipment , Lukas-Verlag, Berlin 2001 (churches in rural areas, vol. 1), ISBN 3-931836-67-3 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ^ Postcard of the old parish church from the 1930s ( Memento from March 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Minutes of the meetings of the parish council; Retrieved October 16, 2009
- ↑ Berit Müller: Past and Present in Sound . In: Berliner Woche , edition for Lichtenberg, Fennpfuhl and Rummelsburg, May 8, 2019, p. 2.
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 16.2 " N , 13 ° 28 ′ 47.6" E