Andreas Grieser

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Andreas Grieser as public prosecutor, 1906

Andreas Grieser (born March 31, 1868 in Bliesdalheim , Rheinpfalz , † October 18, 1955 in Munich ) was a German lawyer, politician and first mayor of Würzburg from 1918 to 1920 .

Life

Grieser was the second of eleven children of the railway conductor Johannes Grieser (1840–1917) and his wife Magdalena Grieser, nee. Mischo, (1844–1887) was born in Bliesdalheim, then Bavaria . After attending the humanistic grammar school in Speyer , he studied law at the University of Munich . There he belonged to the Catholic student union "Alemannia" (since 1920 in KV ). After completing his studies, the young man first settled as a lawyer, later worked as a local judge and finally as a public prosecutor in the Bavarian State Ministry of Justice .

On May 1, 1899, Grieser married Elise Pickl, the daughter of the chief magistrate Pickl. A son, Hans Grieser, emerged from this marriage.

Grieser as a politician

From 1909 Grieser was magistrate of the city of Munich , here he played a decisive role in the improvement of the poor system and youth and war welfare. Politically he was close to the German Center Party and from 1918 the Bavarian People's Party , ideologically close to political Catholicism . On January 3, 1918, he was elected First Mayor ( Grieser himself did not have the official title of Lord Mayor , which had existed since 1908 ) in Würzburg , where he was a respected and popular mayor who was still connected to the constitutional monarchy in 1918 and after the reorganization The new election required by Bavarian municipal legislation on June 29, 1919 was again confirmed in office with 11,429 of 11,432 votes cast. From 1919 to 1921 he was chairman of the Bavarian state parliament. During his tenure, the so-called "Würzburg Blood Monday" occurred on June 28, 1920, during which demonstrations and looting of shops as well as the use of the Reichswehr occurred due to food shortages and two dead and three injured were recorded. Despite strong criticism from the political left, Grieser, who was particularly committed to the poorer sections of the population, retained his high reputation in Würzburg. On November 22nd, 1920 Grieser resigned his mayor's office and moved to Berlin, since Reich Labor Minister Heinrich Brauns had appointed him to the Reich Labor Ministry. Grieser's successor was his previous first deputy, Hans Löffler . In Berlin, Andreas Grieser served from 1922 as ministerial director for national and international social insurance and welfare. On June 15, 1932, he was appointed State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Labor. When the National Socialists came to power in 1933, Grieser was dismissed.

During his time in the Ministry of Labor, Grieser played a key role in the creation of laws regulating the social and health insurance of miners (miners' insurance), seafarers, regulating social pensions for Saarland workers and the state treaty in which the reciprocity of social insurance for Germans and French and Saarlanders was guaranteed.

After the end of the Nazi rule there , Grieser was appointed by the US occupation forces as district administrator in the Saarland district of St. Ingbert in March 1945 . On October 24, 1947, the Bavarian Prime Minister Hans Ehard brought him to his cabinet as State Secretary in the Bavarian State Ministry for Labor and Social Welfare . In his office, Grieser was primarily committed to integrating the more than two million refugees, war victims and war blind people in Bavaria into the social security system. In 1949 he drafted the Bavarian law for blind money. With the formation of the Bavarian state government after the state elections in autumn 1950, Grieser left the cabinet on December 18, 1950.

Honors

  • March 31, 1928: Award of an honorary doctorate in political science by the Faculty of Law and Economics at the Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen. His "outstanding services to the reconstruction of social insurance after the First World War and its assertion in the world" were honored.
  • January 15, 1952: Large Federal Cross of Merit
  • The Association of War Victims VdK appointed him its first honorary member

literature

  • Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 2: Social politicians in the Weimar Republic and during National Socialism 1919 to 1945. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2018, ISBN 978-3-7376-0474-1 , p. 61 f. ( Online , PDF; 3.9 MB).
  • Daniel Gerken: The self-government of the city of Würzburg in the Weimar period and in the "Third Reich" , Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Würzburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-87717-835-5 , page 20 ff.
  • Bettina Köttnitz-Porsch: November Revolution and Council rule 1918/19 in Würzburg. Dissertation, Bamberg 1983. Publication: Mainfränkische Studien, Volume 35, Würzburg Herbst 1985 (Hart Druck, Volkach 1985)
  • Christian Fries: Andreas Grieser. Lord Mayor in the time of upheaval 1918–1920. In: Ulrich Wagner (Ed.): Würzburg Mayor 1862–1920. Würzburg 1990, pp. 215-262.
  • Volker H. Schmied: Andreas Grieser (1868–1955), The life and work of the “Nestor” of the German social insurance. Karlstadt 1993.
  • Hans-Joseph Britz in Siegfried Koß, Wolfgang Löhr (Hrsg.): Biographical Lexicon of KV. 2nd part (= Revocatio historiae. Volume 3). SH-Verlag, Schernfeld 1993, ISBN 3-923621-98-1 , p. 37 f.
  • Matthias Stickler : New beginning and continuity: Würzburg in the Weimar Republic. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007, pp. 177-195 and 1268-1271; here: pp. 185–187.

Web links

Commons : Andreas Grieser  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ In the commemorative publication for the 25th anniversary of the founding of the association, Grieser is registered (with photo) as a student for the years 1888 to 1891, during which time he partially acted as chairman and in 1891 also gave the speech at the 10th foundation festival. In the aforementioned commemorative publication it says about it: "Enthusiastic and inspiring speeches were given, but all speakers master was Grieser, the keynote speaker."
  2. ^ Harm-Hinrich Brandt : Würzburg municipal policy 1869-1918. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes; Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), pp. 64-166 and 1254-1267; here: p. 119.
  3. ^ Matthias Stickler : New Beginning and Continuity: Würzburg in the Weimar Republic. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007, pp. 177-195 and 1268-1271; here: pp. 177 and 185 f.
  4. ^ Sybille Grübel: Timeline of the history of the city from 1814-2006. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Volume 2, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1225-1247; here: p. 1236.
  5. ↑ Ulrich Wagner: Würzburg rulers, Bavarian minister-presidents, chairmen of the district council / district council presidents, regional presidents, bishops, lord mayors 1814–2006. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2, Theiss, Stuttgart 2001-2007; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. Volume 2, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 , pp. 1221-1224.
  6. ^ Matthias Stickler (2007), p. 186.
  7. ^ Sybille Grübel: Timeline of the history of the city from 1814-2006. 2007, p. 1236.
personal data
SURNAME Grieser, Andreas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH March 31, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Bliesdalheim , Rhineland Palatinate
DATE OF DEATH October 18, 1955
Place of death Munich