Armand-Charles de La Porte
Armand-Charles de La Porte (* 1632 ; † November 9, 1713 in La Meilleraye ), Duc de Mazarin , Duc de la Meilleraye, Duc de Mayenne , Prince de Château-Porcien, Marquis de Montcornet , Comte de La Fère et de Marle , was a French aristocrat and military man, captain général and grand master of the artillery of France . On December 31, 1688 he was accepted into the Order of the Holy Spirit .
Origin and youth (1632–1654)
Armand-Charles de La Porte is the son of Charles de La Porte , Marshal of France and Marie Coiffié de Ruzé d'Effiat, sister of the executed Cinq-Mars . In 1646 - at the age of 14 - he succeeded his father as Grand Master of the Artillery of France, and in 1654 Lieutenant général de l'armée .
Marriage and Family (1661–1666)
On March 1, 1661 he married Hortense Mancini , a niece of Cardinal Mazarin , who put a large part of his fortune and his titles in the bride's dowry - in case the groom gives up his name and his coat of arms and takes the name and title of the cardinal. Mazarin died eight days after the wedding. Armand-Charles de La Porte succeeded the cardinal as governor of Breisach and Philippsburg , and as grand bailli of Hagenau .
In Paris, the Marquis and later (1664) Duc de la Meilleraye occupied a large part of the Palais Mazarin , which had been divided between Hortense and her brother Philippe Mancini , Duke of Nevers after the cardinal's death .
The four children from his marriage are:
- Marie Charlotte de La Porte, * March 28, 1662, † May 13, 1729; ⚭ 1682 Louis Armand Vignerot du Plessis, Comte d ' Agenais and (since 1704) Duc d'Aiguillon, † 1730 ( House Vignerot )
- Marie Anne de La Porte, * 1663, † October 1720, abbess in Lys
- Marie Olympe de La Porte, * 1665, † January 24, 1754, ⚭ September 30, 1681 Louis Christophe Gigault, Marquis de Bellefonds et de Boullaye, † 1692
- Paul Jules de La Porte , born January 25, 1666, † September 7, 1731, Duc de Mazarin et de la Meilleraye; ⚭ (1) December 1685 Felice Charlotte Armande de Durfort-Duras, † 1730, daughter of Jacques Henri de Durfort, Duc de Duras , Marshal of France ; ⚭ (2) 1731 Françoise de Mailly, daughter of Louis Charles, Marquis de Mailly, and Anne Marie de S. Hermine, widow of Louis Phélypeaux, Marquis de Châteauneuf ( House Mailly )
In addition, he resided in the "Grand-Logis" of Mayenne , where he made a ceremonial entry in August 1664. He ran a welfare institute, a college, in Mayenne, initiated a general hospital, had the Maison de Buttes built, issued an ordinance for the administration of justice and the police, and made a major contribution to the construction of the Ernée church .
Psychological problems and separation
After the birth of the fourth child, the marriage broke up. His bigotry and bizarre, his extravagant Jansenism , his pathological jealousy and his manias made it impossible for her to continue living with him; she left him with the help of her brother on June 13, 1668 and fled to Italy. When she returned to France, Armand-Charles de La Porte had her locked up in an abbey near Melun until she was released on the orders of Louis XIV .
In his bigotry, he was notorious for destroying paintings he considered obscene and for "emasculating" statues from Cardinal Mazarin's collection, which he had inherited, with a hammer. Jean-Baptiste Colbert put an end to this vandalism after informing Louis XIV - he noticed one day in the courtyard of the Louvre when he saw a hammer that a stonemason had forgotten: “Here is a tool that the Duke of Mazarin used knows how to use it! "
title
Through his father he became Marquis de La Porte, later Duc de la Meilleraye and Pair de France . His maternal grandfather, Antoine Coëffier de Ruzé , left him the titles of Comte de Longjumeau , Marquis de Chilly-Mazarin and Baron de Massy .
His marriage earned him the following titles through Cardinal Mazarin: Duc de Mazarin, Prince de Château-Porcien, Comte de Ferrette , de Belfort , de Thann et de Rosemont, Baron d ' Altkirch , Seigneur d' Issenheim and Marquis de Guiscard .
The titles that he had inherited from his father or received from the cardinal, Louise d'Aumont inherited; they are still run today by their descendants, the princes of Monaco.
literature
- Armand-Charles de La Porte de La Meilleraye , in: Alphonse-Victor Angot, Ferdinand Gaugain, Dictionnaire historique, topographique et biographique de la Mayenne , Laval, Goupil, 1900–1910
- Bibliothèque nationale de France , fr. 11. 468
- Maria Cavaillès, Arnaud Clairand, Raphaël Supiot, Albéric Verdon (eds.), La Meilleraye, destin d'une famille aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles , Archives municipales et Musée municipal de Parthenay
- Albert Grosse-Duperon, Souvenirs du Vieux-Mayenne
- Albert Grosse-Duperon, Étude sur Fontaine-Daniel
- Jean-Baptiste Guyard de La Fosse, Histoire des seigneurs de Mayenne… , 1720
- Armand-Charles de La Porte, duc de Mazarin et de la Mielleraie, seigneur de Parthenay (1664–1713) , in: Bélisaire Ledain, Histoire de la ville de Parthenay , 1858, pp. 326–341
- Pinard, Chronologie militaire , Volume IV, p. 201 ( online )
- Ezechiel Spanheim , Relation de la Cour de France en 1690 . 1882 ( online )
- César Vichard de Saint-Réal , Mémoires de la duchesse Mazarin in: Charles de Saint-Évremond , Œuvres mêlées , 1664 ( wikisource )
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | La Porte, Armand-Charles de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Duc de la Meilleraye |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French military, Grand Master of the Artillery of France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1632 |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 9, 1713 |
| Place of death | La Meilleraye |