Arnold Schultze

Arnold Schultze

Arnold Schultze (Schultze-Rhonhof from 1934) (born March 24, 1875 in Cologne , † August 22, 1948 in Madeira ) was a German officer , geographer and entomologist .

military service

As the son of a Prussian officer, after attending grammar school in Mainz , Koblenz and Detmold in 1895, Schultze also embarked on a military career, became a Fahnenjunker in the Field Artillery Regiment General-Feldzeugmeister (1st Brandenburgisches) No. 3 in Brandenburg an der Havel and in 1896 a lieutenant . In 1902 he was placed à la suite and ordered to serve at the Foreign Office . In 1903/04 he took part in the demarcation of the border between Cameroon and northern Nigeria ( Yola - Lake Chad border expedition), under the direction of Hans Glauning . On October 1, 1904, he was released from this command and assigned to the railway regiment. In April 1905 he resigned from the army and joined the imperial protection force for Cameroon . On September 13, 1906, he was promoted to first lieutenant and in November of that year he retired from active military service for health reasons.

Scientific work

While he was still working as an unskilled worker in the colonial department of the Foreign Office (1902/03), Schultze attended lectures in astronomy and botany at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . Before and after his use in the border expedition in Cameroon , he studied at the seminar for oriental languages ​​at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin . After leaving the army, he began studying geography , natural sciences and political science in Bonn . In 1910 he received his doctorate for a thesis on the Bornu Empire on Lake Chad. phil. In 1910/11 he took part as a geographer in Duke Adolf Friedrich's Central Africa expedition to Mecklenburg and published the geographical part of the scientific results of the expedition.

After the First World War, he continued to research butterflies while traveling to Central Africa and South America. From 1920 to 1928 he worked in Colombia (especially Bogota and Santa Marta) as a geologist and geographer for the local government. He also collected insects, plants and minerals with the help of his wife Anny. 1928-1929 he traveled to French Central Africa on behalf of the "African Silk Cooperation". Before traveling to Ecuador at the end of 1934, he married Hertha for the second time and adopted his sister's children. From then on it was called Schultze-Rhonhof. The stay in Ecuador lasted four and a half years. Here, too, he was supported by his wife in collecting natural history objects, especially butterflies, who also worked as a collector of plants. On the way back, his ship was attacked and sunk by the British cruiser Neptune on September 5, 1939 as a result of the Second World War, southwest of the Canary Islands . Schultze's collections from Ecuador were lost. Only a suitcase with around 18,000 butterflies, which he had posted in Colombia, reached the Natural History Museum in Berlin , but was only rediscovered there in 2006 and evaluated for the first time.

Schultze and his wife Hertha were handed over to the French authorities in Dakar and interned in Sébikotane for a few weeks . Due to his state of health and the advanced age of 64, the Schultze couple were released on September 21, 1939 and arrived in Madeira on a Portuguese ship, where he died in 1948.

Works

• The Bornu Sultanate with special consideration Deutsch-Bornus , Diss., Essen 1910 (digitized: [1] )
  • Reprint in English: The Sultanate of Bornu. Frank Cass, London 1968
• The African silkworms and their economic importance , in: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie, Volume 1, Issue 1, pages 223-231, April 1914, abstract .
• The Charaxids and Apaturids of the Cameroon colony. A zoogeographical and biological study / by Arnold Schultze With panel IX-XIV, 1 map and 2 text figures. Berlin, Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin, 1916? p. 99
• 1920: Lepidoptera. 11th part. Results. of the second German Central Africa Expedition. 2910-11. Vol. 1, Part 14, pp. 639-837
• The most important silk moths in Africa, with special consideration of the society moth according to the current state of science. Radetzki, Berlin around 1920
• 1929: The first stands of three Colombian high Andean satyrids. In: Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 43: 157–165, tfl. 3
• 1931: The first stands of two heterocers from equatorial Africa. German ent. Z. Iris., 45: 140-143.

various

Urs Willmann quoted Arnold Schultze in the German weekly newspaper Die Zeit with the remark: "Tango makes the gaucho hot, as every cow in the pampas knows". However, the quote is a newspaper duck and comes from the annual competition of the satirical truth club of the Berlin daily newspaper taz .

literature

• Schultze, Arnold in: Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon , Volume 3, Leipzig 1920, p. 310 (short, now historical encyclopedia entry)
• Hanna Zeckau and Hanns Zischler : The butterfly case. The tropical expeditions of Arnold Schultze Berlin 2010, Galiani, ISBN 978-3-86971024-2 (story about the life of Arnold Schultze with a number of drawings of butterflies by Hanna Zeckau)
• Mey, W. The butterfly case from Colombia by Arnold Schultze-Rhonhof. Entomological Journal 126 (4): 193-200. 2016

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Tilman Spreckelsen: A suitcase full of butterflies. In: FAZ from September 28, 2010; the date of death can be found in the picture subtitle of the figure Schultze
2. ↑ The sinking of the "Inn"; Compilation of the end of the Inn and reproduction of letters from Schultze from source: "Dinklage / Witthöft, Die Deutsche Handelsflotte" in the forum "Kriegsmarine 47 '" "Applied by the English ..."
3. ↑ ^{a b} Urs Willmann: Time capsule full of butterflies. In: Die Zeit , No. 39, 23 September 2010, p. 42.
4. ^ Corinna Stegemann: The heartfelt weeping for Evito. In: taz of October 11, 2010
5. ↑ Thomas Wolf: A desire for the vagina. In: Frankfurter Rundschau of September 30, 2010, pages 22 and 23.
6. ↑ Elke Schmitter : Romantic dry material. In: Der Spiegel , No. 49, December 6, 2010, page 162, review of The Butterfly Case .