Bavarian S 2/6
| Bavarian S 2/6 | |
|---|---|
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|
| Numbering: | 3201 |
| Number: | 1 |
| Manufacturer: | Maffei |
| Year of construction (s): | 1906 |
| Retirement: | October 14, 1925 |
| Type : | 2'B2 'h4v |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 21,183 mm |
| Height: | 4550 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 2320 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 11,700 mm |
| Wheelbase with tender: | 18,497 mm |
| Service mass: | 83.4 t |
| Friction mass: | 32.0 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 16.0 t |
| Top speed: | 150 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 1,618 kW (2200 hp) |
| Starting tractive effort: | ~ 64 kN |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 2,200 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,006 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 1,006 mm |
| Control type : | a common Heusinger control for each pair of high and low pressure cylinders |
| Number of cylinders: | 4th |
| HD cylinder diameter: | 2 × 410 mm |
| LP cylinder diameter: | 2 × 610 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 640 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 15 bar |
| Heating pipe length: | 4,900 mm |
| Grate area: | 4.71 m² |
| Superheater area : | 38.00 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 214.50 m² |
| Tender: | bay. 2'2 'T 26 |
| Fuel supply: | 7 t |
| Brake: | Westinghouse quick brake, acting on one side on coupling and bogie axles |
| Speedometer: | Housekeeper |
The steam locomotive S 2/6 of the Royal Bavarian State Railways was designed in 1906 as a single piece especially for speed tests and put into service on May 3, 1906 with the road number 3201 . The Bavarian Railways had been encouraged to procure by the Prussian State Railways' high speed tests two years earlier . The manufacturing plant was the Maffei locomotive factory in Munich, chief designer Anton Hammel .
construction
In the construction of the S 2/6 was seen in contrast to the two years before built Prussian S 9 Altona Altona 561 and 562 despite the same wheel arrangement 2'B2 'and driving wheel diameter (2.200 mm) and in Bavaria until then once applied steam engine of unproven innovations or experiments. With the use of the tried and tested four-cylinder compound engine of the Borries type , the Schmidt smoke tube superheater and the bar frame, the machine nevertheless represented the state of the art at the time of construction. The models for the construction of the vehicle were the Badische II d, also designed by Hammel a few years earlier, as well as the Palatinate P 4 with regard to the engine , which, apart from the cylinder diameters, was adopted unchanged. The locomotive was designed and built in the very short time of around four months; the order was received by the Maffei company in December 1905, the delivery took place on May 3, 1906.
Railway enthusiasts consider the S 2/6 to be one of the most beautiful locomotives ever. Reasons for this assessment include the balanced proportions and the transparent-looking drive due to the bar frame . This type of frame originated in the USA and was first used in Germany in Bavaria.
Despite the lack of streamlined cladding on the locomotive, there are components from which it was hoped that the air resistance would be reduced. In front of the cylinders there is a curved cladding, the smoke chamber door is conical. The chimney and steam dome have wind cutters. The driver's cab is also aerodynamically shaped and merges steplessly into the casing of the boiler . The design of the driver's cab of the S 2/6 differs from the wedge-shaped “windshield driver's cabs” that were modern in the early 20th century; it was applied only for a second time in Germany, namely in the Württembergische C .
At 4.71 m², the grate area of the S 2/6 is not only significantly larger than that of the Prussian S 9 test locomotives mentioned, but even larger than that of most of the later standard locomotives . Only the Badische IV h and the DR series 45 had larger grids in Germany, the grate of the DR series 05 was about the same size. The large grate area was also due to the poorer quality of the locomotive coal available in Bavaria compared to Prussia.
The superheater of the boiler with a boiler center of 2950 mm above the top edge of the rail freely above the frame is relatively small. Since the S 2/6 was one of the first Bavarian superheated steam locomotives, they didn't want to take any risks.
For the first time, the water tank in the tender was designed to be largely self-supporting, so that there was no need for a heavy frame.
Record speed and performance
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The test drives took place partly between Munich and Nuremberg, partly between Munich and Augsburg. On July 2, 1907, the S 2/6 reached a speed of 154.5 km / h on the latter route with a train made up of four express train carriages (150 t), which not only meant the German record for steam locomotives, but also among experts worldwide for Caused a stir. The engine driver of the record run was the chief engine driver Johann Zuanko from Augsburg. Only 29 years later, in 1936, was this record exceeded by the 05 002 in Germany .
From the circumstances of the record run, one deduces an indicated output of around 2,200 PSi.
The locomotive was able to transport a train with a towing mass of 360 t on the plain at 120 km / h and on an incline of five per thousand at 85 km / h. However, starting off with such a heavy train caused difficulties due to the low friction weight of 32 t.
Operational use
The S 2/6 was initially assigned to the Munich I depot , but they were not very happy with it. The problem was that this locomotive had to be used as a single piece in routing plans together with other locomotives, but there was no comparable locomotive. The S 2/6 was more powerful than the Pacifics of the S 3/6 type , but had significantly less pulling power.
Due to the balanced four-cylinder compound drive acting on one axle and the symmetrical axle sequence with a trailing bogie, the machine ran exceptionally smoothly even at high driving speeds.
Since the six-point support was chosen instead of the four-point support of the chassis, which is common in Germany, the locomotive reacted very sensitively to unclean tracks. In contrast to a four-point support, neither of the two bogies was connected to the suspension of the drive axles via compensating levers.
In 1910 the S 2/6 was transferred to the Palatinate network, where it came to the Ludwigshafen depot. There you got along better with the locomotive, which was affectionately called the "Zeppelin". It was used together with the Bavarian S 2/5 and the Palatinate P 4 , especially in the express train service between Ludwigshafen and Strasbourg. The locomotive also got the brown-purple paint that is common in the Palatinate.
In 1922 the S 2/6 came back to Bavaria. There it was painted field gray and was initially stationed in Munich, then from 1923 in Augsburg.
Decommissioning
The Deutsche Reichsbahn had classified the S 2/6 in class 15 (planned for 15 001) in the final redesignation plan from 1925 . However, the number plates were no longer exchanged; the locomotive was overhauled by Maffei that same year. They were then transferred to their current location, the Nuremberg Transport Museum .
literature
- Wilhelm Reuter: record locomotives . Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart, ISBN 3-87943-582-0
- Karl-Ernst Maedel , Alfred B. Gottwaldt : German steam locomotives. The history of development. Transpress Verlag, Stuttgart 1994/1999, ISBN 3-344-70912-7 , p. 143 ff.
- Manfred Weisbrod, Hans Müller, Wolfgang Petznick: Steam Locomotive Archive , Volume 1 . transpress VEB Verlag for Transport, Berlin 1976, p. 104 ff.
Web links
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- Picture of the S 2/6 in the Nuremberg Transport Museum without vehicles parked next to it
- Railway & Nostalgia website with a detailed description of the S 2/6
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b bay. S 2/6 "3201". DB Museum, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; Retrieved on August 26, 2019 (data sheet DB Museum).
- ^ Website Eisenbahn & Nostalgie zur S 2/6, accessed on March 18, 2011
- ↑ Jan Reiners: Brief typology of German museum steam locomotives . Transpress, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-613-71187-7 , p. 18
- ^ Hans Steffan : The locomotives and steam cars at the Bavarian anniversary state exhibition in Nuremberg in 1906. 2/6 -gek. Hot steam four-cylinder composite express train locomotive of the Königs. Bavarian State Railways, Type S 2/6, No. 3201. In: The Locomotive. ANNO , August 1906, pp. 137-139 , accessed on August 26, 2019 (detailed description of the S 2/6): “The first locomotives of this type, two of which are still under construction at Maffei, are to be on the Nuremberg line —Munich, 199 km, operate and with the specified load cover this distance in two hours, ie at an average speed of 100 km per hour. "
- ↑ Dipl.-Ing. Lothar Spielhoff in: Yearbook Locomotives 2005 . Podszun, Brilon 2004, ISBN 3-86133-367-8 , p. 106