Bennerscheid

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Bennerscheid, aerial photo (2015)

Bennerscheid is a district of the city of Königswinter in the Rhein-Sieg district in North Rhine-Westphalia . It belongs to the district and the district Oberpleis , on December 31, 2019 it had 178 inhabitants.

geography

Bennerscheid is located three kilometers east of the center of Oberpleis on the edge of the Niederwesterwald , more precisely the Asbach plateau , on a hill on the northern edge of the Siegburg state forest . The village covers altitudes between 215 and almost 230  m above sea level. NHN . To the west is the state road 330, which , when coming from Eudenbach , joins the state road 268 that continues to Oberpleis. The closest localities include Sand in the northwest, Broich and Hanf (city of Hennef (Sieg) ) in the east, Willmeroth in the south, Berghausen in the southeast and Sandscheid in the west.

history

Bennerscheid belonged to the parish of Oberpleis in the Bergisches Amt Blankenberg . The place name stands for the "sheath of the ban of Oberpleis and Uckerath ", which corresponds to the nearby border to the parish of Uckerath. After the dissolution of the Duchy of Berg in 1806 Bennerscheid was assigned to the Oberpleis mayor (until 1813 Mairie Oberpleis ), which from 1816 belonged to the Siegburg district (from 1825 "Siegkreis"). In the context of censuses , Bennerscheid was recorded as a farm under the name Bennerscheidt until at least 1830 , and in 1843 as a village with six residential buildings. From 1846 the village belonged to the politically independent municipality of Oberpleis. From 1898 on, Bennerscheid's children attended the Catholic elementary school in Sandscheid, which was opened at the time and which was converted into a primary school in 1965.

House of new luck
House Neuglück, aerial view

At the eastern edge of the village, a house was built around 1850 for Steiger from the nearby zinc mine "Neuglück", which was converted after 1870 for a noble family into the so-called Castle Neuglück in the historicism style. The French poet Guillaume Apollinaire worked there in 1901/02 as a teacher for the then daughter of Countess Elinor de Milhau. After the Second World War , the Waldschlösschen served as a restaurant until 1991, when it was converted into a seminar and conference building.

Mining

Altglück pit
lithograph from 1855

The mining in Bennerscheid took place in different phases. The times of mining activities were followed by decades in which no mining activities took place. The first mining phase took place in the pre-Roman times. At that time, the Celts in Bennerscheid were digging for lead ores. The next phase of mining activities dates back to Roman times. At the southeastern end of Bennerscheid, as confirmed by the identification of a rampart 200 m away from the Neuglück house in the course of excavations in 1995 and 1996, open-cast mining was already carried out in Roman times and lead ores were extracted. Mentioned in documents he has since the 12th century, when the Benedictine Abbey in Siegburg holding the appropriate Berechtsame arrived. This document was confirmed in 1401 by King Ruprecht of the Palatinate . At the beginning of the 15th century the mining activities in Bennerscheid ended again. After that there was no more mining in Bennerscheid for several centuries. The last phase of mining activities in Bennerscheid began towards the end of the 18th century. Mining reappeared in 1799 when kuxe of a mine called Silberkaule were traded . This Silberkaule was the later Altglück mine . The actual mining operation of this mine began in 1850. In 1875, mining in Bennerscheid ended with the closure of the Altglück mine.

Many relics still come from the mining period in Bennerscheid. These include heaps over a length of one kilometer in the area of ​​the former Roman ramparts and numerous pings , both in the former area of ​​the "Altglück" pit and the "Neuglück" pit. Tunnel mouth holes can still be found in a small valley west of Altglück and in a siefen northeast of Haus Neuglück, albeit in a dilapidated state. Remnants of two former cart paths have remained. A reservoir southwest of Haus Altglück was probably used for washing on the western slope of the Dollenbach valley. Two former tailings ponds west of Haus Neuglück are partially silted up. Of the former company buildings (as of 2005) only one gatekeeper's house has been preserved. The abandoned mining area is under monument protection as a ground monument .

Population development
year Residents
1816 24
1828 27
1843 40
1885 52
1905 42

Attractions

Bennerscheid water pump (2014)

The following are listed as historical monuments :

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Bennerscheid  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ without secondary residences ; Population statistics of the city of Königswinter (PDF)
  2. ↑ Heinz Wicharz: From the history of Oberpleis and the surrounding area ( Memento of the original from August 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oberpleis.com archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 3.2 MB) , p. 8.
  3. ↑ In the Bennerscheider house in Neuglück, Appollinaire in love was already on fire , General-Anzeiger , May 15, 2009.
  4. ↑ a b c Claudia Maria Arndt and Bernd Habel, Von Grubenfeld and Berghoheit , ore mining in the Rhein-Sieg district and its surroundings, Part 2, Siegburg 2011, pp. 207–211, ISBN 978-3-938535-74-5 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Christian Reinhard Kieß, Klemens Dormagen: Mining between Schmelztal, Aegidienberg, Brüngsberg, Nonnenberg and Quirrenbach . In: From water art and pinging . Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2005, ISBN 3-935005-95-4 , pp. 36-42.
  6. ^ Christian Kieß, Klemens Dormagen: zinc mining near Bennerscheid, Sand, Pützstück and Rübhausen . In: The mountain messenger . Issue 1, Bonn 2012, pp. 10–11.
  7. ↑ a b Conrad Heusler: Description of the Brühl-Unkel mining area and the lignite basin on the Lower Rhine. In Adolph Marcus, Bonn 1897, pp. 120-122.
  8. ^ KC von Leonhard, HG Bronn (Hrsg.): New yearbook for mineralogy, geognosy, geology and petrefacts . E, Schweizerbart's Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1933, pp. 201-202.
  9. ↑ J. Nöggerath, G. Bischof: sulfur pebbles as sinter formation in an old mine . In: Journal for Chemistry and Physics . Fr. W. Schweigger - Seidel (ed.) In connection with several scholars, LXV volume, the third row, fifth volume, Halle 1832, printed by Eduard Anton, pp. 245–252.
  10. ↑ a b Christine Wohlfarth: Ground monument SU 019 mine Silberkaule . In: Model development of a concept to safeguard the interests of the protection of cultural property within the framework of the large-scale nature conservation project of the cultural landscape . Catalog Az 29729-45, LVR Office for Ground Monument Preservation in the Rhineland (Ed.), Part 3, Bonn 2013, pp. 16-17.
  11. ↑ Alexander August Mützell, Leopold Krug (Ed.): New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state. Fourth volume. P-S. With Karl August Kümmel, Halle 1823, p. 85 ( digitized version ).
  12. ^ Friedrich von Restorff: Topographical-statistical description of the Royal Prussian Rhine Province . Nicolaische Buchhandlung, Berlin / Stettin 1830, p. 303 ( digitized version ).
  13. ↑ Royal Government of Cologne (Ed.): Overview of the constituent parts and list of all the localities and individually named properties of the government district of Cologne, according to districts, mayorships and parishes, with information on the number of people and the residential buildings, as well as the Confessions, Jurisdictions , Military and earlier country conditions. Cologne 1845, p. 103 ( digitized version ).
  14. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Rhineland. Based on materials from the census of December 1, 1885 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Statistical Bureau. In: Royal Statistical Bureau (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. tape XII , 1888, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 , p. 118 f . ( Digitized version ).
  15. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Rhine Province. Based on the materials from the census of December 1, 1905 and other official sources, edited by the Royal Prussian State Statistical Office. In: Königliches Prussisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Community encyclopedia for the Kingdom of Prussia. Booklet XII, 1909, ZDB -ID 1046036-6 , p. 151 .
  16. ↑ a b c Angelika Schyma : City of Königswinter. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , monuments in the Rhineland , Volume 23.5.) Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1992, ISBN 3-7927-1200-8 , pp. 253/254.


Coordinates: 50 ° 42 ′ 27 ″  N , 7 ° 19 ′ 12 ″  E