Bernhard Boll

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Archbishop Bernhard Boll
Archbishop Boll's coat of arms
Bernhard Boll, stone sculpture in Freiburg Minster , detail

Bernhard Boll SOCist (born June 7, 1756 in Stuttgart as Johann Heinrich Boll ; † March 6, 1836 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was the first archbishop of the Archdiocese of Freiburg , which was newly founded in 1821 .

Life

He was born as Johann Heinrich Boll on June 7, 1756 in Stuttgart. After theological studies from 1772 as a novice with the Jesuits in Rottweil and then at the theological convict in Dillingen an der Donau , he entered the Cistercian monastery of Salem in 1774 as brother Bernhard . Due to character deficiencies (he was considered intelligent, but arrogant and choleric), his probationary period was extended by one year. On November 13, 1776 he was able to take perpetual vows .

Bernhard Boll quickly developed into an exemplary religious and distinguished scholar. In 1780 he was ordained a priest and was subsequently professor of philosophy in Salem and in the Tennenbach Cistercian monastery . In 1805 he was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Freiburg , and four years later he also took over the office of pastor at Freiburg Cathedral .

Due to the secularization and the political reorganization after the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the dioceses had to be reorganized as well. The old diocese of Constance was dissolved by Pope Pius VII and the archdiocese of Freiburg, as well as the entire Upper Rhine ecclesiastical province , was rebuilt with the bull "Provida solersque" of August 16, 1821. The new diocese mainly comprised the entire newly created Grand Duchy of Baden . One of the greatest difficulties was to come to an agreement on the person of the first archbishop and metropolitan and to find an acceptable candidate for the Pope as well as for Grand Duke Ludwig von Baden . In 1824, Ludwig proposed to Pope Leo XII. Bernhard Boll as a compromise candidate. The first candidate, Ignaz Heinrich von Wessenberg , had turned down, the second, Ferdinand Geminian Wanker , died in the course of the negotiations. On October 21, 1827, the new Metropolitan Boll was finally consecrated by the Archbishop of Cologne, Ferdinand August von Spiegel .

His term of office is considered hapless. At the age of 71, Bernhard Boll was already weakened. In addition, the Baden state church, i.e. the government's emphatic claim that the state is superior to the church in every respect, left the archbishop hardly any leeway: apart from the power of ordination, almost all episcopal rights lay with the state church authority in Karlsruhe . The administrative structure had to start almost from scratch, since the ecclesiastical administrations in Konstanz and Bruchsal had not taken on any experts in the new church government except for the later Archbishop Hermann von Vicari . And within the cathedral chapter there was also not the necessary unity. For a long time, spiritual life and liturgical questions were shaped much more by the very different traditions of the predecessor bishoprics than by the church policy of the Freiburg Curia. The parts of the diocese that were formerly Constance were much more influenced by the Enlightenment than the much more traditionalist parts of the northern diocese.

Bernhard Boll had to increasingly realize that the task was beyond his strength, weakened by age and illness, and so he offered the Pope his resignation. Before he could decide, Bernhard Boll died on March 6, 1836.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Franz Heinrich Reusch :  Wanker, Ferdinand Geminian . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, p. 157 f.
  2. ^ Heinrich Heil: The police stick in the sanctuary of the church. A look at church politics 100 years ago with special consideration of the situation in West Germany and in the area of ​​the Upper Rhine church province . Carolus-Druckerei, Frankfurt am Main 1921. In it above all: Third section: The struggle with the state church in south-west Germany . Chapter 5: A straitjacket for the shepherds: the “sovereign ordinance” of January 3, 1830 . P. 59ff.

literature

Web links

Commons : Bernhard Boll  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
--- Archbishop of Freiburg
1827 - 1836 		Ignaz Anton Demeter
personal data
SURNAME Boll, Bernhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boll, Johann Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German bishop
DATE OF BIRTH June 7, 1756
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart
DATE OF DEATH March 6, 1836
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau