Bertsdorf
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Bertsdorf
Bertsdorf-Hörnitz municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 53 ′ 2 " N , 14 ° 43 ′ 55" E
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| Height : | 300 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 14.32 km² | |
| Residents : | 1065 (2011) | |
| Population density : | 74 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 | |
| Postal code : | 02763 | |
| Area code : | 03583 | |
Location of Bertsdorf in Saxony |
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Bertsdorf is a district of Bertsdorf-Hörnitz in the district of Görlitz .
geography
location
Bertsdorf is located in the southern part of the district in the Großschönau basin and hill country in eastern Upper Lusatia . The village extends from southwest to northeast in the valley of the Bertsdorfer water . To the north rise the Seidelsberg (433 m above sea level) and the Koitsche (357 m above sea level), in the northeast the Hörnitzer Höhe and the Olbersdorfer Höhe (308 m above sea level), to the east the Grundbachhöhe (319 m above sea level). , in the south the Kieferberg, southwest the Steinbusch and the Pocheberg (465 m above sea level), in the west the Taubenstallberge (422 m above sea level) and the Steinberg (442 m above sea level) and to the northwest the Breiteberg (510 m above sea level). NN).
State road 136 runs through Bertsdorf from Hörnitz to Waltersdorf ; it crosses at the Hirschkreuzung with state road 138 from Bertsdorf train station to Großschönau .
Neighboring places
| Großschönau | Neuhoernitz | Althörnitz |
| Neuschönau |
.svg)
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Olbersdorf |
| Jonsdorf , Saalendorf | Bertsdorf railway station , Hänischmühe | Olbersdorf |
history
The Waldhufendorf Bertsdorf was created in the 13th century and named after a locator Bertram. Bertramy villa was first mentioned in 1352 as the Zittauer Ratsdorf. In 1391 the place was listed as Bertrampsdorf in the Urbarium of the Zittau Hospital St. Jakob. After the Upper Lusatian Pönfall , Bertsdorf came to noble owners, and in 1586 the Zittau council bought the village back. In 1672 a lightning strike destroyed the Bertsdorf chapel. The baroque church was built between 1672 and 1675. Jonsdorf also belonged to the Bertsdorf parish until 1730 .
Bertsdorf developed from the original rural settlement to a weaving village with dense development in the village meadow. The tax lists of 1767 show that 151 linen weavers , 150 journeymen, maidservants and adult children as well as 216 cottagers lived in Bertsdorf who worked for Großschönau factors. Publishers were never located in the village , nor were there any finishing facilities. The Bertsdorf farmers were obliged to provide manual and tensioning services to the Zittau council, including stone carts from the Zittau mountains . The water of the Bertse was used to drive three mills in the village; The owner of the upper mill, middle mill and lower mill was the Zittau council until the beginning of the 19th century. The Bertsdorfer Brettmühle, built on an old Pochstatt , has been located on the Pochebach southwest of the village since the 16th century ; after 1795 this mill went out.
At the end of the 18th century the village began to expand outwards. Jonsdorf's master bleacher Johann Gottlieb Hänisch had a bleaching plant laid out in 1772 on the southernmost corridor below Jonsdorf am Grundbach; the colony built around the factory was named Hänischmühe in 1840 . In 1796 the first house was built on Viebig, in 1867 the row of houses on the road to Saalendorf had grown to 16 houses. Bertsdorf always remained a Zittau council village until the middle of the 19th century.
After the Pochefabrik was established, the Bertsdorf weavers started working for Christian Friedrich Fabian and other Großschönau manufacturers from 1861. In 1867, nine independent weavers, six factor weavers, three trousers fabric manufacturers, three dyers and one hosiery and one twister worked in Bertsdorf.
On July 2, 1875, the Bertse swelled so much after a downpour that several bridges collapsed. In 1925 the bus service to Zittau was started. Since 1955, rooms have been rented to vacationers, particularly in the Oberdorf around the restaurant “Zum Hirsch”. On January 1, 1957, the settlement of Hänischmühe was moved to Jonsdorf. During the time of the GDR, only a small factory produced in Bertsdorf. On March 1, 1994, Bertsdorf merged with Hörnitz to form a municipality Bertsdorf-Hörnitz , whose seat is in Bertsdorf.
Place name
The name forms Bertramy Villa (1352), Bertranivilla (1363), Pertramivilla (1375), Bertramsdorf (1380), Bertrampsdorf (1391), Baldramsdorff (1393), Bertransdorff (1428), Bertsdorff (1453), Bertelsdorf (1578) are documented. , Bertzdorff (1721) and Bertsdorf bey Zittau (1768).
Administrative affiliation
1777: Görlitzer Kreis, 1849: Regional Court District Löbau, 1856: Judicial Office Zittau, 1875: Amtshauptmannschaft Zittau , 1952: District Zittau , 1994: District Löbau-Zittau , 2008: District Görlitz
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1547 | 61 possessed man |
| 1777 | 40 possessed men, 20 gardeners, 221 cottagers, eleven desolations |
| 1834 | 1987 |
| 1871 | 1993 |
| 1890 | 2051 |
| 1910 | 2055 |
| 1925 | 2064 |
| 1939 | 1975 |
| 1946 | 2242 |
| 2011 | 1065 |
Townscape
Bertsdorf consists largely of half-timbered and half-timbered houses . The development of the block construction can be clearly seen in the half-timbered houses from the 17th and 18th centuries. The preserved farms and cottages were partly built as half-timbered buildings or consist of a half-timbered upper floor on top of massive quarry stone masonry. The clay framework was partially covered with board cladding or slate shed. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, numerous houses were fitted with ornate sandstone door frames. Two of the formerly 13 sandstone bridges over the Bertse are still preserved.
The mainly agriculturally used local area extends from the Breiteberg in the northwest to the Grundbach valley in the southeast. With the exception of the Breiteberg, Seidelsberg, Steinberg and Steinbusch, the area is unforested. These elevations of volcanic origin tower above the otherwise loess loam covered slopes.
The stripe structure of the Waldhufendorf can still be seen today on the course of the field paths from the valley. The Niederdorf differs from the Oberdorf. While the elongated plots of land in Niederdorf extend roughly at right angles to the central axis along the Bertse up to the ridge, the radial floor plan in Oberdorf has been adapted to the relief of the terrain. Here the corridors radiate obliquely to the west to the woodless ridge of the Pocheberg and the Taubenstallberge.
The village structure of Bertsdorf has been preserved to the present day. Industry has never settled in town.
Local division
Bertsdorf is divided into the Oberdorf and the Niederdorf. Particularly named locations are:
- The Butte , a group of houses at the southwest end of the upper village, where the Bertse rises
- The Viebig , a one kilometer long row of houses that extends from Oberdorf on the left side of the road to Saalendorf
- The Jägerwäldchen , on the left side of the Pochebach brook on the border with Saalendorf, consists of a restaurant and guesthouse
particularities
- The standing in the low village church is the landmark of the town. The baroque building, erected between 1672 and 1675, served as a model for numerous village churches in southern Upper Lusatia. It is surrounded by a cemetery with a renaissance gate from 1574. The rectory, built in 1700, stands in front of the tower side of the church.
- The Kahlert-Gut above the eastern slope of the Bertertal is a typical local farm. The house, which was redesigned in 1807, consists of a massive ground floor and a clay half-timbered upper floor. The initials of the owner Gustav Friedrich Kahlert are on the basket arch portal. The courtyard also includes two adobe half-timbered buildings: a thatched barn and another building with a gallery.
- The sandstone arch bridge over the Bertse on Oberen Kirchweg. It was built in 1802 and rebuilt in 2000.
- The sundial with peasant painting in the rear village street
- The Obere Mühle , in its extension is the Schubert collection of cultural and historical implements of house and agriculture
- The Ressel smithy is the youngest and only preserved smithy in town. It was founded in 1866 and bought by Karl Ressel in 1903. Today it is owned by the third generation of the Ressel family. The painter Richard Israel created a picture of the work in the forge.
- The murder stone on Katzenhöhe commemorates the murder of 22-year-old Marie Rosine Wagner by her groom on May 26, 1825
Sons and daughters of the place
- Siegfried Schreiber (1928–1988), sculptor and painter
literature
- The south-eastern Upper Lusatia with Zittau and the Zittau Mountains (= values of the German homeland . Volume 16). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1970, pp. 153–155.
Web links
- Bertsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony