Bockswieser Gangzug
The 12 km long Bockswieser Gangzug was formerly also called the Bockswiese-Festenburg-Schulenberger Gangzug . It is a gait disorder north of Clausthal-Zellerfeld in the Harz Mountains . The vein system belonging to the Upper Harz veins can be divided into three main areas:
- In the “ Bockswieser Revier” in the town of the same name, silver-rich lead galena was extracted on a larger scale by the Bockswiese mine and its predecessor mines until 1931 .
- The "Kahleberger Revier" supplied iron ore on a modest scale.
- Of greater significance, however, was again the "Festenburger School Berger area", which is characterized by short Vertaubungszonen the lead - copper - mineralization in a Festenburger , high school Berger and middle school Berger can be divided area. At the bottom there was also zinc blende , but it was of no economic importance in the mines of that time .
In the vicinity of the Oker Dam near Altenau , the gangway was explored in search of Roteisenstein .
Course (projected onto the surface of the day)
Two individual corridors north and south of the Kleine Wulpke , whose western course is not known, unite under Hüttschenthal ( Lautenthal ) to form the actual Bockswieser corridor. Hüttschenthal - Grumbacher Teich - Bockswiese (here the most important ore resource and opening in four main courses, the most important: Pisstaler main course ) - Großer Kellerhals (er) pond (reunification of the courses and transition to the Kahleberger iron ore district) - Festenburg ( Festenburger course in the lying , Schulenburgsglücker course in the hanging wall ) - Oberschulenberg - Mittelschulenberg - Vorperre Okerstausee - further course in the Kellwassertal to the transition to the Okergranit . The Bockswieser Gangzug has a connection via a diagonal passage through the Kuttelbacher Berg with the Lautenthaler Gangzug (corrugation on the east shaft ) and under the Okertalsperre with the Kupferkroner Gang of the Hahnenkleer Gangzug .
Paragenesis, peculiarities
The ore guide consisted essentially of silver-bearing galena , partly chalcopyrite and sphalerite . It reached a depth of around 480 meters in the Bockswieser Revier, around 250 meters in Festenburg and Oberschulenburg and around 400 meters in Mittelschulenberg. Typical gaits were quartz , calcite and dolomite . In the Kahleberg mining district, there was siderite and limonite near the surface , which was of economic interest at times. There was some hematite in the eastern area .
Outcrops
Of all the Upper Harz ore veins, the Bockswieser Gangzug has the most clearly recognizable daily outgrowth : not far from the Lochstein on the western border of the Glücksrad mine in Oberschulenberg, the passage bites out into the open. The ore-containing vein filling was mined in the opencast mine and some of the deaf resources were left standing. The corridor can be followed as a ditch for several tens of meters and then merges into the pings of the Oberschulenberg shafts . In the Hüttschental area, the Bockswieser Gangzug was investigated in the 1950s by the Lautenthals Glück mine ( south cross passage ) at the level of the Ernst-August-Adit .
Overview of mining history
Bockswiese
The mining is from 1561 demonstrably known. The main phase began in the 1660s and lasted for around 250 years after the main mines Duke Johann Friedrich and Duke August were merged in 1681. For the water solution of the district, the following deeper water solution tunnels were built one after the other: Grumbacher tunnels (construction period 1719 to 1730, length 2,016 meters, greatest depth 62 meters), Lautenthaler Hoffnungsstollen (1746 to 1799, 2,074 Lachter or 3,990 meters length, depth in the Johann pit) -Friedrich 71 Lachter or 137 meters), Tiefer Georg-Stollen (1777 to 1799) and Ernst-August-Stollen (1851 to 1864).
Kahleberg
In the Kahleberger Revier, mostly private trades were used in the 18th and 19th centuries to extract spar and brown iron stone close to the surface. The best known was the Kahlenbergs Glück mine (closed in 1773). From 1922 to 1929, Preussag sank the Neue Kahlenberger Schacht at 184 meters in search of new lead-zinc ore deposits without success .
Festenburg-Schulenberg
In the period from 1532 to 1592, profitable mining was carried out in this area in the form of the St. Anna pits on the Schulenberge and the Immortal Gift of God and Reiche Society on the Schulenberg , which came to a standstill again due to the lack of a water solution tunnel . The dismantling was resumed around 70 years later in the Oberschulenberg and 100 years later in the Festenburg district. In Festenburg, the White Swan pits (1691–1803) and in Oberschulenberg the Wheel of Fortune (1666–1771) and Yellow Lily pits (1669–1817) were of major economic interest. In the years that followed, the Festenburger tunnels and the deep Schulenberg tunnels were used to dissolve water (construction period before 1600 and from 1710). On the Mittelschulenberg ore material there was last mining through the Juliane Sophia mine from 1776 to 1904.
In the eastern course near Altenau, for example, mining attempts were made on Roteisenstein at the Altenauer Hope mine in the 18th century.
literature
- Christoph Bartels : From the early modern mining industry to the mining industry . German Mining Museum, Bochum 1992, ISBN 3-921533-53-8 .
- Torsten Schröpfer: Treasure trove: Interesting facts about the West Harz mining and metallurgy . 1st edition. Pieper, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2000, ISBN 3-923605-08-0 .
- Dieter Stoppel: Course map of the Upper Harz . Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials, 1981, ISSN 0540-679X .
- U. Dumreicher: Entire overview of the water management of the north-western Upper Harz . Verlag der Grosse'schen Buchhandlung, Clausthal 1868.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dumreicher: Entire overview of the water management of the north-western Upper Harz. 1868, p. 35.