Briesen (Gerswalde)

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Briesen on the Urmes table sheet 2848 Gerswalde from 1826 (the fisherman's house)

Briesen is part of the municipality of Gerswalde in the Uckermark district (Brandenburg). The place emerged from a fisherman's house, which was first mentioned in 1825. In 1842 a forework of the Gerswalde manor was newly laid out nearby.

location

Briesen is just under six kilometers southwest of Gerswalde and a little over 3.5 kilometers northeast of Milmersdorf . It can be reached via small connecting roads from Krohnhorst and Neudorf / Achimswalde . To the west of the town center is the Kleine Briesensee , south of the town center there is another small pond. The small settlement is about 72  m above sea level. NHN . Briesen does not have its own district, but belongs to the district of Krohnhorst and Friedenfelde. The street names are today place Krohnhorst 26 to 34 . Two houses south of the east-west running street are in the Friedenfelde district and have the house numbers Neudorf 13 and 14 .

Briesen on the table sheet 2848 Gerswalde from 1882

history

In 1605 the Kavel Briesen on the way from Milmersdorf to Gerswalde is mentioned among the logs of von Arnim zu Fredenwalde. In 1713 the Kavel Briesen appeared in a review of the division of von Arnim. In 1825 there was talk of an establishment on the Kleiner Briesensee for the first time . It was probably a fisherman's house. In 1842 a report was sent to the knighthood for the entry of the newly established Vorwerk Briesen in the manor register of the Templin district, including Briesen. In 1858 it is reported that Briesen has existed as an arable estate since 1844, but had been a fisherman's house for much longer. In 1860 there were already 12 residential buildings and 24 farm buildings in the now larger settlement.

The name Briesen (for the settlement) is a water body name, after the Kleiner Briesensee. The name is of Slavic origin, according to Old Polish * pretzel to breza = birch.

Ownership history

When the fisherman's house was built has not yet been clarified. It is very likely that this happened under Carl Ludolf Bernhard von Arnim, who owned the Gerswalde manor at the time. Carl Ludolf Bernhard was the royal Prussian government president in Minden , privy councilor and member of the Prussian state parliament . He died in Gerswalde on November 22, 1828.

He was followed by his son Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Arnim (1786-1852) in the possession of Gerswalde. His first marriage was to Wilhelmine Sophie Carlotte von Arnim and his second marriage to Dorothea Carlotte Maaß. Of his eleven children, many died very young or had no offspring. Only three children, two daughters and one son were married and had children. Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Arnim was district administrator of the Templin district from 1817 to 1831 and police chief of Berlin from 1831 to 1832. Afterwards he devoted himself to the management of his estates. The outworks Krohnhorst and Briesen were built under his aegis . The former fisherman's house was probably demolished or used for other purposes; in any case, there is no more talk of a fisherman's house later. According to the not exactly exact representation of the on the original table sheet from 1826, the fisherman's house was north of the Kleiner Briesen See, roughly at the location of the houses in Krohnhorst 26 and 27 . Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Arnim died on May 3, 1852 in Gerswalde.

The only surviving son Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim (1825–1883) inherited Gerswalde and Herrenstein as well as the Krohnhorst and Briesen farms that had been built up under his father. He was married to Franziska Henriette Herbig. Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives. Briesen was expanded under him. In 1860 there were 12 residential buildings and 24 farm buildings in Briesen, the place already had 97 inhabitants. 31 horses, 48 ​​head of cattle and 600 sheep were kept in the Vorwerk. Unfortunately no area size is given.

In 1871 there were ten residential buildings in Briesen and the place had 67 inhabitants. According to the information in the general address book of 1879, the Briesen Vorwerk had a total size of 329.90 hectares, of which 249.80 hectares were arable, 49.53 hectares were meadows, and 8.57 hectares , 0.75 ha of forest and 21.31 ha of water. The property tax net income is given as 3745 marks. The Vorwerk Briesen was administered by senior magistrate Franz Malchin. Arthur von Arnim lived in Charlottenburg , at that time still near Berlin.

In the Handbook of Real Estate in the German Empire of 1885, the total size is slightly different with 357 ha, of which 255 ha arable, 40 ha meadows, 9 ha pastures, 1 ha forest, 7 ha alluvial land and 45 ha water. The property tax entry is numbered here at 3746 marks. Franz Malchin was still the administrator of the Briesen Vorwerk. Dairy farming and sheep farming are given under the heading of breeding special cattle and exploitation of livestock .

Arthur von Arnim died in 1883 and left the Gerswalde manor with the outlying works of Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Briesen to his son Felix Wilhelm Friedrich von Arnim (1862-1919). However, the inheritance disputes with the siblings were not over until 1894. Felix Wilhelm Friedrich von Arnim had already joined the cadet corps in Potsdam in 1871 at the age of nine. In 1882 he was promoted to lieutenant. Even after he became the owner of Gerswalde in 1894, he remained in the military and did not retire until 1904 with the rank of major. In 1911 he became the Royal Prussian Chamberlain. He was married to the German-American Emily Schalk. After the couple lived mainly in Gerswalde from 1904, the Gerswalde manor house was extensively rebuilt.

Handbook of real estate in the German Empire from 1896 again gives different figures, 335.45 ha total size, of which 249.60 ha arable, 48.50 ha meadows, 8.60 pastures, 1 ha forest, 6.45 ha alluvial land and 21, 30 hectares of water, property tax net income of 3735 marks, Franz Malchin is no longer administrator, but leaseholder of the Briesen Vorwerk. The information in the Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiches from 1903 is identical. The Rittmeister Felix von Arnim is now named as the owner. According to the handbook of real estate in the German Empire from 1910, the Briesen Vorwerk was now leased to a Beussel.

When the lease expired in 1910, Felix von Arnim did not renew it. A large part of the area was afforested with oaks. In Niekammer's property address book for the province of Brandenburg for 1914, the total size is given as 376 hectares, of which 87 hectares were arable, 25 hectares were meadows, 25 hectares were pastures, 200 hectares of forest, 4 hectares of land and 45 hectares of water. The animal population amounted to 17 horses, 33 head of cattle, including 10 cows and 20 pigs. The property tax net income amounted to 3765 marks. The administrator of Briesen was Inspector Nusche.

On May 2, 1919, Felix von Arnim died of a heart attack in Gerswalde and was buried in the newly laid out family grave in the park of the estate in Gerswalde. The property was debt free at the time. His son Adolf Oswald, however, led a lifestyle that was too lavish for his circumstances and lost a lot due to cheaters. In 1926, the property, which was totally over-indebted, was transferred to the land company Eigen Scholle based in Frankfurt (Oder). Only the Gerswalder steam mill with 16 hectares of land remained in the possession of Adolf Oswald von Arnim.

After the sale, the rural company settled farmers who received between 30 and 80 acres of land. After the war, an LPG with 12 members and 121 ha of agricultural land was formed by 1958. In 1960 the LPG had 26 members and cultivated 174 hectares of land. In 1969 the LPG Type I in Krohnhorst was connected to the LPG Type III Briesen.

Population development from 1858 to 1925
year 1858 1871 1895 1925
Residents 97 67 83 35

Communal history

When it was first mentioned, Briesen was part of the Templin district of the Brandenburg province , which existed in this form until 1952. In the district reform of 1952 in what was then the GDR , the Templin district was redesigned and administratively assigned to the Neubrandenburg district . In the Brandenburg district reform of 1993, the three districts of Angermünde , Prenzlau and Templin were combined with only minor border corrections to form the district of Uckermark.

Briesen was initially a Firscherhaus and was rebuilt in 1842 as the outbuilding of the Gerswalde manor. Since around the middle of the 19th century, the Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Briesen Vorwerke belonged to the Gerswalde estate. In 1874, the Gerswalde estate with Briesen, Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Neutanger was assigned to District 4 Gerswalde of the Templin district. The head of office was Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim auf Gerswalde, his deputy bailiff Kolbe in Krohnhorst. In 1881 and 1897 Briesen formed its own manor district. In 1928, the Briesen estate and part of the Herrenstein estate was combined with the Krohnhorst estate to form the Krohnhorst municipality. Briesen was one of Krohnhorst's residential areas in 1931 and 1950. In 1971 Briesen had the status of a district of Krohnhorst. On December 31, 2001, Friedenfelde, Gerswalde, Groß Fredenwalde, Kaakstedt and Krohnhorst merged to form the new municipality of Gerswalde. Today Krohnhorst and Briesen are parts of the municipality of Gerswalde.

literature

  • Martin v. Arnim, Christoph Graf v. Arnim, Cornelia Dansard b. v. Arnim, Angelika v. Stülpnagel geb. v. Arnim, Jasper v. Arnim: The family of Arnim. V part of family tables. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt ad Aisch, 2002 ISBN 3-7686-5178-9 (in the following abbreviated to Arnim et al., The family of Arnim, family tables with the corresponding table number)
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VIII: Uckermark. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1986 (hereinafter abbreviated to Enders, Historical Ortlexikon für Brandenburg, Uckermark with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Richard Boeckh: Local statistics of the government district of Potsdam with the city of Berlin. 276 p., Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, 1861 (based on the 1858 count) Online at Google Books , p. 22/23 (separate second page count).
  2. ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. Part 9: The place names of the Uckermark. Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Successor, Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-7400-1000-2 , p. 75.
  3. ↑ Arnim, The family of Arnim. Family tables, plate no. 71 (main trunk Gerswalde, branch Gerswalde Red House).
  4. ↑ Arnim, The family of Arnim. Family tables, plate no. 72 (main trunk Gerswalde, branch Gerswalde Red House).
  5. ↑ a b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. According to the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. II. The Province of Brandenburg. Verlag des Königlich Statistischen Bureau, Berlin 1873 Online at Google Books , p. 13 (footnote, bottom right).
  6. ^ Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. 311 p., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , p. 206/07.
  7. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, 340 p., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1885, p. 280/81.
  8. ↑ Arnim, The family of Arnim. Chronicle, p. 227.
  9. ↑ Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland and Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition, 310 pp., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1896, pp. 264/65.
  10. ^ Ernst Kirstein (editor): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. 4th improved edition, LXX + 321 p., + 4 p., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1903, p. 264/65.
  11. ↑ Reinhold Reichert, Royal Authorities and Chamber of Agriculture for the Province of Brandenburg (Ed.): Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. Brandenburg Province. 5th completely revised edition. I-LXXXVI (1-86), 376 p., + 24 p. (Location register), Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin, 1910 (p. 356/57)
  12. ↑ Arnim, The family of Arnim. Chronicle, p. 219.
  13. ^ Ernst Seyfert (ed.): Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province with details of the property properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators of the Post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and administrative districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons, the manual of the royal authorities as well a map of the province of Brandenburg at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. XLV, 433 pp., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig, 1914, pp. 162/63.
  14. ↑ Arnim, The family of Arnim. Chronicle, p. 220.
  15. ↑ Helmut Borth: Nobody has died of dowry: Stories with a story from the Uckermark. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt, 2016 ISBN 978-3-7412-9360-3
  16. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg, Uckermark, p. 125.
  17. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 7.15 pm, Uckermark District PDF ( Memento of the original from October 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.brandenburg.de
  18. ↑ Official Gazette of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin Extra sheet of June 6, 1874, p. 180 Online at Google Books
  19. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, special supplement to the 47th issue of November 25, 1881, p. 52.
  20. ↑ F. Mauer: Alphabetical index of all the towns and districts in the Potsdam administrative district, together with a list of the associated chief foresters and district commands. 296 p., A. Stein's publishing house, Potsdam 1897, p. 138.
  21. ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: Gerswalde municipality

Coordinates: 53 ° 8 ′ 14 "  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 42"  E