Krohnhorst

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Krohnhorst
Gerswalde municipality
Coordinates: 53 ° 9 ′ 25 ″  N , 13 ° 39 ′ 51 ″  E
Height : 84 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 143  (2000)
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 17268
Area code : 039886
Krohnhorst (Brandenburg)
Krohnhorst

Location of Krohnhorst in Brandenburg

Krohn Horst , in the 19th century also Kronhorst is a part of municipality of Gerswalde in the district Uckermark (Brandenburg). The place was laid out in 1836 as a Vorwerk by the Gerswalde manor. In 1928 the Krohnhorst community was formed, which was incorporated into the Gerswalde community in 2001.

location

Krohnhorst is about six kilometers as the crow flies south-southwest of the core town of Gerswalde and about three kilometers south of Mittenwalde . In the north the district of Mittenwalde borders the district of Gerswalde and Friedenfelde in the east, the district of Milmersdorf in the south and the district of Petznick in the west to the district of Krohnhorst.

The district of Krohnhorst also includes the Große Briesensee and the Kleine Briesensee . In the east the district borders on the Stiernsee . A larger wetland that is crisscrossed by some drainage ditches is the tick break. There are no significant rivers in the area. Some drainage ditches run from the Zeckenbruch to the Stiernsee, as well as a ditch to the Großer Briesensee. In the east, the Stierngraben and the western shore of the Stiernsee form the boundary.

Krohnhorst can be easily reached via a junction from the L 100. The L 100 joins the B 109 north of Krohnhorst after 1.8 km . In the east a small connecting road leads to Herrenstein. The highest point of the district is about 92  m above sea level. NHN , the deepest area is the west bank of the Stiernsee, whose mean lake level is 58  m above sea level. NHN m. The center is about 84  m above sea level. NHN .

In the southern part of the district of Krohnhorst, right on the border with the district of Friedenfelde, there is also the municipality of Briesen, the larger, northern part of which lies on the district of Krohnhorst. Two houses on the other side of the small, east-west running street, which forms the border between the districts Krohnhorst and Friedenfelde for more than 1.5 km, already belong to the Neudorf community (house numbers Neudorf 13 and 14 ) of the Gerswalde community.

history

The Krohnhorst Vorwerk was rebuilt in 1836 by Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Arnim (1786-1852) on Gerswalde in the Gerswalder Bruchforst. It was officially named Kronhorst in 1836 . This spelling can still be found in 1861. On the other hand, Karl Friedrich Rauer used the spelling Krohnhorst as early as 1857, as did Adolf Frantz in 1863. The handbooks of real estate in the German Empire of 1885 and 1896, on the other hand, use the Kronhorst spelling again . In 1836, the Vorwerk Krohnhorst comprised a total of 1200 acres and already consisted of three residential buildings and a few farm buildings. The name is to be interpreted as an increase in the swampy terrain where cranes are .

Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Arnim was married to Wilhelmine Sophie Carlotte von Arnim in his first marriage and to Dorothea Carlotte Maaß in his second marriage. Many of his eleven children died very young or later had no offspring. Only three children, two daughters and one son, were married and had children. Friedrich Wilhelm Carl von Arnim was district administrator of the Templin district from 1817 to 1831 and police chief of Berlin from 1831 to 1832. He died on May 3rd, 1852 in Gerswalde. In 1846 there were 10 houses in Krohnhorst, the place had 88 inhabitants.

The only surviving son Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim (1825-1883) inherited Gerswalde and the Herrenstein and Krohnhorst farms. He himself built the Briesen Vorwerk in 1857 . Arthur von Arnim was married to Franziska Henriette Herbig. Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives .

In 1861 there were 10 residential buildings in Krohnhorst, plus 17 farm buildings, but already 107 inhabitants. The number of animals on the estate is given as 40 horses, 33 head of cattle and 996 sheep. In 1871 Krohnhorst still only had 10 residential buildings, but now it had 124 residents. For 1874 will bailiff Kolbe called in Krohn Horst, either he was tenant or the administrator. He died in 1878. According to the general address book of manors and estate owners in the German Empire from 1879, Gut Krohnhorst had a total size of 370.34 hectares in 1879, of which 304.82 hectares were arable, 58.12 meadows, 5.89 Hutung and 1 , 51 hectares of forest. The property tax net income was 4,523 marks. The Herrenstein and Krohnhorst estates were managed by the leaseholder, Oberamtmann Albert Türke, who lived in Krohnhorst. Arthur von Arnim lived in Charlottenburg , then still near Berlin . But he died in Gerswalde in 1883.

He was followed by his son Felix Wilhelm Friedrich von Arnim (1862–1919). He was married to Emily Schalk. The handbook of real estate in the German Empire of 1885 gives the following figures: 373 ha total size, of which 311 ha arable, 59 ha meadows and 3 ha forest. The property tax net income is estimated at 4524 marks. For 1896 the numbers are identical. In both manuals, Türcke is named as the tenant (Albert).

In 1907 and 1914 Felix von Arnim leased the Krohnhorst estate to Karl Junghans. The size of the property is given as 373 hectares, of which 323 hectares are arable, 15 hectares meadows, 10 hectares pastures, 2 hectares wood. 21.5 hectares of land and 1.5 hectares of water. The animal population was 34 horses, 64 head of cattle, of which 33 were cows, 493 sheep and 128 pigs. The property tax entry is valued at 4524 marks. Felix Wilhelm Friedrich died in 1919.

In 1921, the handbook of real estate in the German Reich named Mrs. E. von Arnim, Gerswalde (castle) as the owner of Herrenstein . Under Krohnhorst, however, only von Arnim is given. It was only after 1921 that their son Adolf Oswald Arthur von Arnim (1890–1970) appeared to have taken over the three estates.

In 1923, Krohnhorst was still leased (tenant: Hinz). The numbers in Niekammer's agricultural (m) goods address book from 1923 are identical to 1907 and 1914, so probably no longer relevant for 1923.

Adolf Oswald Arthur von Arnim finally sold the Gerswalde, Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Briesen estates in 1926 to the regional company Eigen Scholle Frankfurt (Oder). Adolf Oswald Arthur was royal. Prussian Rittmeister, Turkish Major a. D. and later a businessman.

The land company Eigen Scholle had the three estates administered by a manager Oemler. The figures are unchanged from 1907, 1914 and also 1923, and are very probably no longer applicable for 1929.

Because soon after the sale, the large estate was parceled out; A remnant and inn with 120 acres was connected to the manor house . 35 new farmers were to be given between 30 and 80 acres of land. In addition, a forge, a school and a home for the elderly were set up. By 1930 the settlement in Krohnhorst was completed. Not all of the desired positions could be filled. Some of the newly hired farmers were dissatisfied as the soil was not delivering the promised yield and loan repayment was difficult.

In 1931 there were 22 houses in Krohnhorst. In 1939 there was still one farm with more than 100 hectares (in Briesen!), Two farms with 20 to 100 hectares, 20 farms with 10 to 20 hectares, 6 farms with 5 to 10 hectares, and 8 farms with 0.5 to 5 ha.

At the end of the Second World War , the local farmers leader Karl Richard asked the people of Krohnhorst to form a refugee trail and move west.

During the land reform, 395 hectares were expropriated (refers to the Briesen estate, which was not parceled out, which was then Krohnhorst's home). Under the pressure of a high delivery rate, some farmers left Krohnhorst and moved to West Germany. In 1958 the first LPG type III was formed with 12 members and 121 hectares of agricultural land. In 1960 LPG Type III had 26 members and already 474 hectares under management. There was also a LPG type I with 69 members and 333 hectares of agricultural land (including Briesen). It was connected to LPG Type III in 1969. In 1980 LPG Krohnhorst and LPG Petznick merged to form LPG Tierzuchtproduktion Krohnhorst. In 1984 there was also LPG plant production. Tomatoes were also grown in greenhouses.

The LPG was liquidated and sold from 1990. The land was transferred back. In the end, two farms established themselves again in Krohnhorst.

Population development from 1840 to 2000
year 1840 1846 1858 1871 1895 1910 1925 1946 1964 1971 1981 1991 2000
Residents 33 88 107 124 94 130 120 340 204 182 130 126 143

Communal history

When it was founded, Krohnhorst belonged to the Templin district of the province of Brandenburg , which existed in this form until 1952. In the district reform of 1952 in what was then the GDR , the Templin district was redesigned and administratively assigned to the Neubrandenburg district . In the Brandenburg district reform of 1993, the three districts of Angermünde , Prenzlau and Templin were combined with only minor border corrections to form the district of Uckermark.

Krohnhorst was founded as a preliminary work for the Gerswalde manor. Since around the middle of the 19th century, the Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Briesen Vorwerke belonged to the Gerswalde estate. In 1874, the Gerswalde estate with Briesen, Herrenstein, Krohnhorst and Neutanger was assigned to District 4 Gerswalde of the Templin district. The head of office was Arthur Felix Carl von Arnim auf Gerswalde, his deputy bailiff Kolbe in Krohnhorst. In 1897 Krohnhorst (and also Briesen) formed their own estate district. In 1928 the manor district of Briesen and part of the manor district of Herrenstein were combined with the manor district of Krohnhorst to form the rural community of Krohnhorst. Briesen was a residential area of ​​Krohnhorst in 1931 and 1950, and in 1971 a district of Krohnhorst. On December 31, 2001, Friedenfelde, Gerswalde, Groß Fredenwalde, Kaakstedt and Krohnhorst merged to form the new municipality of Gerswalde. Today Krohnhorst and Briesen are parts of the municipality of Gerswalde. The community of Gerswalde is part and seat of the office of Gerswalde .

Church history

The Protestant parishioners are looked after by the Gerswalde rectory. The cemetery chapel in the cemetery has also served as a church for the parishioners of Krohnhorst for several decades .

mayor

  • 1928 August Zittlau
  • 1980 Kurt Zittlau

literature

  • Martin v. Arnim, Christoph Graf v. Arnim, Cornelia Dansard b. v. Arnim, Angelika v. Stülpnagel geb. v. Arnim, Jasper v. Arnim: The family of Arnim. V part of family tables. Verlag Degener & Co., Neustadt ad Aisch, 2002 ISBN 3-7686-5178-9 (in the following abbreviated to Arnim et al., The family of Arnim, family tables with the corresponding table number)
  • Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part VIII: Uckermark. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1986 (hereinafter abbreviated to Enders, Historical Ortlexikon für Brandenburg, Uckermark with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Arnim, The family of Arnim. Family tables, plate no. 75 (main trunk Gerswalde, branch Gerswalde Red House).
  2. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, 44th piece of October 28, 1836, p. 282 Online at Google Books
  3. ^ A b c Richard Boeckh: Local statistics of the government district of Potsdam with the city of Berlin. 276 p., Verlag von Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, 1861 (based on the 1858 count) Online at Google Books , p. 22/23 (separate second page count).
  4. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the knight estates represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. 454 p., Self-published by Rauer, Berlin 1857 Online at the Heinrich Heine University and State Library, Düsseldorf , p. 92.
  5. ^ Adolf Frantz: General register of lordships, knights and other goods of the Prussian monarchy with information on the area, yield, property tax, owner, purchase and tax prices. 117 p., Verlag der Gsellius'schen Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1863, p. 55.
  6. ^ A b Paul Ellerholz: Handbook of real estate in the German Empire. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type); your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 2nd improved edition, 340 p., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1885, p. 280/81.
  7. ↑ a b Paul Ellerholz, Ernst Kirstein, Traugott Müller, W. Gerland and Georg Volger: Handbuch des Grundbesitz im Deutschen Reiche. With indication of all goods, their quality, their size and type of culture; your property tax net income; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Post, telegraph and railroad stations; Breeding of special breeds of animals; Exploitation of the livestock etc. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery: Province of Brandenburg. 3rd improved edition, 310 pp., Berlin, Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1896, pp. 264/65.
  8. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning. 222 pp., Berlin, Bebra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 97.
  9. ^ Eduard Messow: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state. First volume: AK. Verlag von Emil Baensch, Magdeburg 1846 Online at Google Books , p. 416.
  10. ↑ a b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. According to the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. II. The Province of Brandenburg. Verlag des Königlich Statistischen Bureau, Berlin 1873 Online at Google Books , p. 13 (footnote, bottom right).
  11. ↑ a b Official Gazette of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin Extrablatt of June 6, 1874, p. 180 Online at Google Books
  12. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, 34th issue of August 23, 1878, p. 272 Online at Google Books
  13. ↑ a b Paul Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. With details of the properties, their size (in Culturart), their net income from property tax, their tenants, branches of industry and post offices. I. The Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery The Province of Brandenburg. 311 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 208–209.
  14. ^ Paul Niekammer (ed.): Goods address book of the province of Brandenburg. List of all goods with details of the property's properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their removal from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city or administrative districts, the chamber, regional and local courts, the Landwehr districts as well as an alphabetical register of places and persons and a manual of the royal authorities of the province. 271 p., Leipzig, Paul Niekammer, Stettin, 1907, p. 92/93.
  15. ^ Ernst Seyfert (ed.): Goods address book for the province of Brandenburg. List of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province with details of the property properties, the net income from property tax, the total area and area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the property, tenants and administrators of the Post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the estate, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and administrative districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons, the manual of the royal authorities as well a map of the province of Brandenburg at a scale of 1: 1,000,000. XLV, 433 p., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig, 1914, p. 101/03.
  16. ↑ R. Stricker, with the participation of the authorities and chambers of agriculture (ed.): Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche. Brandenburg Province. Complete address book of all manors, estates and larger farms with details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, as well as the telephone connections, the property property, the property tax net income, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, livestock exploitation, animal breeding and special crops, industrial facilities, courts and administrative districts, along with an alphabetical register of places and persons, an overview of the agricultural and structural conditions of the respective part of the country, a directory of the agricultural authorities and associations, cooperatives and industrial companies, as well as an exact map. 6th completely revised edition, 296 pp., Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1921, p. 248.
  17. ^ Oskar Koehler (arrangement), Kurt Schleising (introduction): Niekammer's agricultural goods address books. Agricultural goods address book of the province of Brandenburg: Directory of all manors, estates and larger farms in the province of approx. 30 hectares upwards with details of property properties, net income from property tax, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, livestock, all industrial plants and the telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the Protestant and Catholic parishes, the registry office districts, the city and official districts, the higher regional, regional and local courts, one alphabetical place and person registers, the manual of the royal authorities and a map in the scale 1: 175.0000. I-XXXII, 343 pp., Reichenbach'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig, 1923, p. 126.
  18. ↑ Ernst Seyfert, Hans Wehner, Alexander Haußknecht, Ludwig Hogrefe (eds.): Agricultural address book of the manors, estates and farms of the province of Brandenburg: List of all manors, estates and farms from approx. 20 ha upwards with information on the property, the total area and the area of ​​the individual crops, the livestock, the company's own industrial facilities and telephone connections, details of the owners, tenants and administrators, the post, telegraph and railway stations and their distance from the property, the regional and local courts, an alphabetical register of places and persons , a directory of the most important government agencies and agencies, agricultural associations and corporations. 4th increased and improved edition, 464 p., Leipzig, Verlag von Niekammer's address books, Leipzig, 1929 (Niekammer's goods address books Volume VII), p. 126.
  19. ↑ a b Helmut Borth: Nobody has died of dowry: Stories with a story from the Uckermark. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt, 2016 ISBN 978-3-7412-9360-3
  20. ↑ a b c d e 175 years of Krohnhorst
  21. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon für Brandenburg, Uckermark, pp. 539/40.
  22. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics, Historical Community Directory of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 7.15 pm, Uckermark District PDF ( Memento of the original from October 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.brandenburg.de
  23. ↑ F. Mauer: Alphabetical index of all the towns and districts in the Potsdam administrative district, together with a list of the associated chief foresters and district commands. 296 p., A. Stein's publishing house, Potsdam 1897, p. 138.
  24. ^ Service portal of the state administration of the state of Brandenburg: Gerswalde municipality
  25. ^ Uckermark churches from AZ: Village church in Krohnhorst