Brodiaea filifolia

Brodiaea filifolia
	Brodiaea filifolia
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily :	Brodiaeoideae
Genre :	Brodiaea
Type :	Brodiaea filifolia
Scientific name
	Brodiaea filifolia
	S. Watson

Brodiaea filifolia is a species of the genus Brodiaea in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). This endemic occurs only in the southern US state of California .

description

Inflorescence, stalked flower and flower buds

Blossom in detail with a mason bee species

Vegetative characteristics

Brodiaea filifolia grows as a perennial herbaceous plant . Plant tubers are formed as persistence organs . One to six narrow leaves are produced per tuber during the growing season.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time in California is in spring from April to May or March to June. The slender inflorescence stem is 20 to 30 centimeters long. At the end of the inflorescence stem there is an open, golden inflorescence . The bracts also cases, this is still in bud during the inflorescence, not completely. There are also cover sheets . The flower stalk is 1 to 4 inches long.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are two circles, each with three bracts , which are fused at their base. The three outer bracts are slightly narrower than the inner three. The six violet-reddish-purple bracts are fused to form a narrow, cylindrical, translucent flower tube with a length of 6 to 8 millimeters, which also pops open until the fruit is ripe. The corolla is 14 to 20 millimeters long and the free part of the bracts is usually more than twice as long as the flower tube. The free part of the bracts is wide-spread with a length of 10 to 14 millimeters. In Brodiaea filifolia, there are three sterile stamens, i.e. staminodes , that are fused with the bracts and resemble small petals and each face the outer bracts. In the case of the purple-colored and inconspicuous ribbon-shaped staminodes with a width of 2 to 4 millimeters, which bend back to the bracts, the upper end is sub-like. The three fertile stamens are located opposite the inner bracts and are also fused at the base of the envelope. The base of the only 0.5 to 1 millimeter long stamens is not triangular and has narrow wings, but no appendages. The size and shape of the stamens and the structures at the base of the stamens are important determinants for the Brodiaea species. The anthers are linear with a length of 3 to 5 millimeters and the upper end is broadly notched. Three carpels are long to a 4 to 5 millimeters, three crests membered ovary grown. The 6 to 7 millimeter long stylus ends in a three-lobed scar .

The egg-shaped capsule fruits open in folds = loculicide. The seeds are black.

Chromosome set

The basic chromosome number is x = 6; there is tetraploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 24.

This endangered species was replanted during a construction project

Occurrence and endangerment

Brodiaea filifolia is only found in southern California. It thrives in the grasslands on the edge of episodic, ephemeral still waters or floodplains on clay soils at altitudes of 0 to 300 meters.

It is believed to have died out in Los Angeles and San Bernardino Counties . It is endangered by diverse anthropogenic influences in the counties of Riverside and San Diego . It is also found in Orange County .

Brodiaea filifolia forms hybrids with Brodiaea orcuttii .

Taxonomy

The first description of Brodiaea filifolia in 1882 by Sereno Watson in Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , Volume 17, page 381. The type material was Samuel B. Parish 786. (MO / BC: MO-048914 / A: 3270512) filed . A synonym for Brodiaea filifolia S.Watson is Hookera filifolia (S.Watson) Greene .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea filifolia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed January 1, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea filifolia S. Watson , p. 325 - online with the same text as the printed work .
↑ Brodiaea filifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Accessed January 1, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea filifolia data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Brodiaea filifolia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 1, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Brodiaea filifolia - collection of images, videos and audio files

[WCSP-1] Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea filifolia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed January 1, 2020.

[FoNA-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea filifolia S. Watson , p. 325 - online with the same text as the printed work .

[GRIN-3] Brodiaea filifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Accessed January 1, 2020.

[Jepson_eFlora2012-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea filifolia data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .

[Tropicos-5] Brodiaea filifolia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 1, 2020.