Bruno Leuschner (politician)

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Bruno Leuschner, 1963
Leuna-Werke, chemistry conference on November 3, 1958

Bruno Max Leuschner (born August 12, 1910 in Rixdorf ; † February 10, 1965 in East Berlin ) was a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED and chairman of the State Planning Commission of the GDR .

Life

Some sources refer to Bruno Leuschner as the son of the Social Democrat Wilhelm Leuschner , other sources only mention that the father was a shoemaker and the mother was a homeworker (seamstress). Bruno graduated after attending the middle school from 1925 to 1928 training as an industrial clerk at the clothing sfabrik Lachmann & Meyer in Berlin, where he then as a clerk , Calculator , and most recently worked as a salesman employees of the export department. From 1928 to 1931 he attended evening courses at Lessing and the Humboldt University in Berlin and the Marxist Workers' School , where he a. a. Had lessons from Hermann Duncker and Ernst Schneller . In 1931 he joined the KPD and from 1933 worked for the party in various functions, including as an employee of the illegal newspaper “ Der Rote Wedding ”. In 1936 Leuschner was arrested and in 1937 sentenced by the Berlin Higher Regional Court to a six-year prison term for “preparing for high treason ”, which he served in the Brandenburg-Görden and Sonnenburg penitentiaries . He was then imprisoned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp from 1942 to 1944 and in Mauthausen concentration camp until 1945 .

politics

In 1945 Leuschner was involved in setting up the economic department of the KPD, of which he became chairman. As head of the economics and finance department of the SED, he was instrumental in setting up the German Economic Commission from 1947 , where he was initially head of the economic affairs department and from 1948 was responsible for planning. In this function he played a decisive role in the preparation of the half-year plan for 1948 and the two-year plan for 1949/1950.

From 1950 to 1952 he was the first deputy chairman and from 1952 to 1961, as the successor to Heinrich Rau, chairman of the State Planning Commission. He was also a member of the Central Committee of the SED from 1950 to 1965, from 1953 to 1965 a member of the People's Chamber , from 1953 a candidate and from 1958 a member of the Politburo of the SED Central Committee, 1955 to 1965 deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers, 1960 to 1963 a member of the State Council and 1960 to 1965 member of the National Defense Council . In 1961 he was removed from his position as chairman of the State Planning Commission by the Central Committee of the SED, became Minister for the Coordination of Basic Economic Tasks at the Presidium of the Council of Ministers and from June 1962 permanent representative of the GDR in the Executive Committee of the Comecon .

Leuschner was married to Renate Bischoff (1924 - 2018) and the father of two sons.

Honors

tomb

Leuschner received the Patriotic Order of Merit in Gold on May 6, 1955 , the Medal for Fighters Against Fascism in 1958 and was honored as a hero of work in 1960 . His urn was buried in the memorial of the socialists in the central cemetery Friedrichsfelde in Berlin-Lichtenberg . In addition, the nuclear power plant in Lubmin near Greifswald was named nuclear power plants Bruno Leuschner in his honor . The Raoul Wallenberg -Straße in Berlin-Marzahn was until 1992 the name Bruno-Leuschner-Straße . Furthermore, the University of Economics in Berlin-Karlshorst , which was wound up in 1990, was named after him. In 1990 the GDR's Deutsche Post issued a special postage stamp with his portrait.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This is reported by two older lexicons: Lexicon in one volume. VEB Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig, Leipzig 1953, p. 593, and dtv-Lexikon - Ein Konversationslexikon in 20 volumes , Volume 11. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1971, p. 198. Who was who in the GDR? , Neue Deutsche Biographie and Munzinger-Archiv (see the literature in Bruno's personal article) do not mention this. From their information it can be concluded that Bruno's father was probably not Wilhelm Leuschner.
  2. ↑ Biographical databases at bundesstiftung-aufverarbeitung.de, accessed on December 2, 2019
  3. ^ Last safe-conduct - State act in the house of the Central Committee . In: Berliner Zeitung , February 15, 1965, p. 1.
  4. ↑ commemorative stamp personalities of the German labor movement (XVI) , Design: Gerhard Stauf , par value 10 Pf (GDR, Michel 3300th).

Web links

Commons : Bruno Leuschner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Leuschner, Bruno
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Leuschner, Bruno Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD, SED), MdV, member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED
DATE OF BIRTH August 12, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Rixdorf
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1965
Place of death Berlin