Beech cover

Beech cover City of Eichstätt Coordinates: 48 ° 54 ′ 45 "  N , 11 ° 14 ′ 39"  E
Height :	499 m
Residents :	213  (1987)
Incorporation :	May 1, 1978
Postal code :	85072
Area code :	08421
Location of Buchenhüll in Bavaria
Beech cover, seen from the north

Buchenhüll is a church village and part of the large district town of Eichstätt in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt .

location

The village is idyllically located in the southern Franconian Jura northeast of Eichstätt in a slight depression on the Jura plateau. It is divided into two parts: the older northern part and the younger part about 100 m south. The village hall is surrounded by wooded moderate heights.

Place name interpretation

The old high German "huli", meaning a deepening with water, probably gave it its name. Such a small, stagnant body of water might have been decisive for the settlement of people on the arid Jura plateau. The epithet refers to the tree species "beech".

history

The village is first mentioned in 1122 when a "Regenolt de Pöchenhule" appeared as a documentary witness. Around 1145, with "Arnolt de Bacenhule" (probably prescribed) and his son Heinrich, other local nobility were named who were Eichstätter Ministeriale ; about the same time a "Ödalschalch de Büchenhule" appears as a documentary witness. Your seat is not known. Also in the 12th century, the noble Rego and his sister Elisabeth handed over goods to the Berchtesgaden monastery, among others in “Pöchenhul”; this property was exchanged for the Kastl monastery and is owned by the church of Eichstätt by 1387 at the latest. In 1185 Rudiger von Affenthal bequeathed his estate in Buchenhüll to the cathedral chapter in Eichstätt. The "Hule", which appears in several documents from Eichstatt from the 12th century, may also mean beech shell. In 1370, two Buchenhüller farms paid interest to the cathedral monastery. In 1555 the cathedral chapter in Buchenhüll now owned three courtyards, three estates, three Köbler estates , one Köbler estate and one widum . In 1591 the domkapitel property was hardly changed: now it consisted of a Meierhof. a farm, six Köbler estates and various fields, meadows and forest.

In 1480 and 1602 Buchenhüll is designated as a branch of the parish of Walting . The much-visited Marian pilgrimage site required an extension of the nave of the church from the 13th / 14th centuries. Century, executed 1616.

Towards the end of the Old Kingdom , around 1800, Buchenhüll consisted of 21 subjects; the cathedral chapter owned the Meierhof, another courtyard, two half courtyards, four Köbler estates, five Selden estates and four empty houses , i.e. houses without real estate. The Eichstätter Spital had a courtyard. The parish of Preith owned a Seldengut, a "Höfli", the church, the schoolhouse built in 1773, the forester's house in Affenthal and the shepherd's house. The highest jurisdiction lay with the episcopal office of the Landvogtei, the village and community rulership was exercised by the cathedral chapter as the largest Buchenhüller landowner.

After secularization , Buchenhüll and the bishopric came to the Electorate of Bavaria for a short time in 1802, then to the Grand Duke Ferdinand of Tuscany at the end of 1802, to the new Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806 as a result of the Peace of Preßburg (December 27, 1805) and there in 1808 to the Preith tax district . With the municipal edict of 1818, Buchenhüll became a separate municipality in the Eichstätt district court . In 1869 a new school building was built, financed half by the community, half by the church administration; In 1924 the school became the sole property of the community. In 1870 the then official place name "Buchenhill" was changed to "Buchenhüll". In 1875 the Affenthaler Forsthaus was called the “Waldaufseherhaus”, which, like the village, belonged to the Preith parish. In 1900 the parish corridor was 507.12 hectares ; the 160 inhabitants were Catholic except for five Protestants . In the same year 22 horses, 172 head of cattle, 66 sheep, 89 pigs and seven goats were counted.

On May 1, 1978 Buchenhüll was incorporated into the large district town of Eichstätt. In the 1980s, the village had four full-time farms and 13 part-time farms with around 200 inhabitants, one of these farms offering “ farm holidays ”. There were also two restaurants and a small industrial company (two employees).

Population development

• 1830: 120 (25 residential buildings)
• 1836: 151 (27 houses)
• 1900: 160 (31 residential buildings)
• 1937: 179
• 1950: 188 (30 residential buildings)
• 1961: 144 (32 residential buildings)
• 1970: 169
• 1973: 177
• 1987: 213 (50 residential buildings with 60 apartments)

Architectural monuments

The Buchenhüller Madonna in Eichstätter Dom

• Branch and pilgrimage church of the Assumption of Mary , built in the 13th / 14th centuries. Century, 1616 extended to the west by the gallery axis and consecrated in 1788. In the choir there are remains of wall paintings from around 1430 depicting the death of the Virgin and saints. The high altar was donated in 1666; it shows a late Gothic Madonna from approx. 1470 (renovated in 1981) as a pilgrimage picture. Another figure of Mary, made of terracotta around 1430 , came to Eichstätt in 1898 at the request of the diocese, where it stands today on the southern crossing pillar of the cathedral. The ceiling paintings were painted by Bonifaz Locher in 1898 . Sacrament niche from the Renaissance period . Two side altars around 1660/70.
• "Execution of Christ" (= Way of the Cross ) along the old Buchenhüller Stadtweg with initially (1591) ten stone columns. It was renovated in 1699 and expanded to 14 stations in 1851, with panels created in 1987 by the Buchenhüller artist Rudolf Ackermann . Only a few of the columns date from 1591.
• Lourdes grotto southwest of Buchenhüll on the edge of the forest, built in 1904.
• Sacred Heart Grotto from 1904
• The “Pfleger-Kreuz” on the access road to Buchenhüll in the form of the Scheyrer Kreuz , probably originally erected in 1896.
• Way cross at the beginning of the Way of the Cross in Bürgerholz, probably from the 2nd half of the 19th century

See the list of architectural monuments in Buchenhüll

The horizontal entrance to the mammoth cave

Buchenhüll mammoth cave

The 20 m long, 5 m wide and 5 m high barred cave (geotope number 176H003) can be reached from Buchenhüll in an easterly direction after about two kilometers in the Eichstätter Spitalwald. It was excavated in 1909 or 1912 (the sources do not agree) by the Eichstätter forester son and history student Karl Gareis under the supervision of Friedrich Winkelmann . The finds, skeletons of large mammals from the Ice Age , including a mammoth skeleton , have been in the Museum of Prehistory and Early History at the Willibaldsburg Eichstätt since 1921 .

Others

• The Buchenhüller farmer Maria Mayer (1887–1971) hid two fugitive English officers on her property for ten days before the end of the Second World War until they were liberated by the Americans. They were prisoners of war on a transfer march from Eichstätt to Moosburg an der Isar during a fighter attack were able to escape close to Eichstätt.
• The Buchenhüller “ Frauendreißiger Andachten ”, 30 devotions that are celebrated on the 30 days following the Feast of the Assumption, have been known since the 14th century.

Transport links

Buchenhüll can be reached via junctions from the district road EI 21 "Jura-Hochstraße" between Eichstätt and Affenthal.

literature

• Franz Xaver Buchner : The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I, Eichstätt: Brönner & Däntler, 1937, Volume II 1938.
• Gerhard Hirschmann: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part of Franconia. Row I, Issue 6. Eichstätt. Beilngries - Eichstätt - Greding. Munich 1959.
• The Eichstätt area in past and present , Eichstätt 1984.
• Antonius Reith: Eichstätt. City and Altlandkreis. (Historical book of place names of Bavaria, 8). Munich: Commission for Bavarian State History, 2017.
• Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II. Eichstätt District Office, Munich 1928.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Reith, p. 46
2. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 423, 721
3. ↑ Hirschmann, p. 96
4. ↑ Buchner II, p. 425
5. ^ Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with alphabetical register of places , Munich 1904: Kgl. Bayer. Statistical Bureau, column 1171
6. ↑ The Eichstätter room, p. 175 f.
7. ↑ ^{a b} Hirschmann, p. 194
8. ↑ Popp, Th. D. (ed.): Matrikel des Bissthumes Eichstätt , Eichstätt: Ph. Brönner, 1836, p. 136
9. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1171 ( digitized version ).
10. ↑ Buchner I, p. 436
11. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 767 ( digitized version ).
12. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 17 ( digitized version ).
13. ↑ The Eichstätter Raum, p. 176
14. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 81 ( digitized version ).
15. ↑ Buchner II, p. 423
16. ↑ The Eichstätter room, p. 174 f .; Mader, pp. 58-63
17. ↑ The Eichstätter room, p. 175; Mader, pp. 62 f .; Eichstätter Kurier of September 7, 2007; Church newspaper for the diocese of Eichstätt, No. 11 of March 11, 2012
18. ↑ Eichstätter Kurier of December 15, 2005
19. ^ Collective sheet of the Eichstätt Historical Association, 59 (1961/62), pp. 87, 73 (1980), p. 70
20. ↑ The Eichstätter room, p. 176; Geotope description
21. ↑ Eichstätter Kurier of April 14, 2009
22. ↑ Eichstätter Kurier of August 14, 1996