Buk (Powiat Poznański)
| Buk | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Greater Poland | ||
| Powiat : | Poznański | ||
| Gmina : | Buk | ||
| Geographic location : | 52 ° 21 ' N , 16 ° 31' E | ||
| Residents : | 6036 (June 30, 2019) | ||
| Postal code : | 64-320 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 61 | ||
| License plate : | PZ and POZ | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Opalenica - Poznan | ||
| Stęszew - Szamotuły | |||
| Rail route : | Berlin – Poznan | ||
| Next international airport : | Poses | ||
Buk (older also Buck ) is a city in the Powiat Poznański of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with 12,578 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
climate
The annual average temperature is 8 ° C, the average annual rainfall 528 mm.
history
The first written mention of the place comes from the year 1257. At this time the city already had a church and has the right to collect taxes. The city charter by Magdeburg Law was Buk 1289 of Przemysl II. In the following years the trade flourished and Buk received a city wall . The craft also gained in importance, and Buk was one of the most important places in Greater Poland at that time . From 1519 beer brewers are recorded . A hospital was built in 1600 through a foundation by Stanisław Reszka (1544–1570).
During the Second Partition of Poland , the city became Prussian from 1793 to 1807 , then again Polish . In 1815 Buk became Prussian again and the seat of its own district in the Province of Posen , which covered an area of 130 km² with around 58,000 inhabitants. The population consisted mostly of Poles; In 1848 a bloody uprising of Polish rebels took place in Buk. On June 8, 1858, a fire destroyed large parts of the village. The Buk district was dissolved again on October 10, 1887 and Buk became part of the Grätz district .
After the end of the First World War , the city became part of Poland. Maksymilian Holland was elected mayor on October 6, 1919. On September 10, 1939, the Wehrmacht occupied the city. During the occupation, many residents were deported to concentration camps and various cultural monuments were destroyed. In 1943 the name was changed to Buchenstadt . On January 26, 1945 the Red Army marched into the city and the city became part of Poland again. Franciszek Kulczyński was the first post-war mayor of the city, which is now called Buk again .
During an administrative reform in 1975, Buk became part of the newly formed Poznan Voivodeship . After its dissolution, the city was part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship from 1999.
Population development
Of the 3,348 people who lived in Buk in 1890, 2,544 were Catholics, 509 Protestants and 289 Jews. About 2000 inhabitants were Poles.
The following figure shows the population trend.
| 1733 | 140 | |||
| 1793 | 847 | |||
| 1875 | 2,638 | |||
| 1890 | 3,348 | |||
| 1945 | 2,868 | |||
| 2005 | 6,201 | |||
Culture and sights
Buildings
- Church of St. Stanislaus , built from 1838 to 1846 according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel
- Town hall from 1897
- Holy Cross Church from 1760
- Neo-Romanesque synagogue from 1909
local community
The town itself and 11 villages with school boards belong to the town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Buk with an area of 90.3 km².
Community partnerships
Buk has been in a community partnership with the German community of Hambühren in Lower Saxony since 2000 .
traffic
Poznan-Ławica International Airport is located about 20 kilometers east of Buk. Autobahn 2 runs about four kilometers north of the city . The provincial roads 307 and 306 cross the city. The 307 connects Buk in the southwest with Opalenica and flows into Poznan in the east. The 306 leads from the southeastern Stęszew to the north, where it joins the voivodship road 187. It crosses Europastrasse 30 in the north and Europastrasse 261 in the south .
The Frankfurt (Oder) –Poznań railway runs through Buk . Local and express trains stop at the city's train station .
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Kazimierz Wróblewski (1858–1934), a doctor, received honorary citizenship in 1919.
- Stanisław Niziński († 1932) received honorary citizenship in 1925.
- Lech Siuda (1909–1997), doctor, received honorary citizenship in 1983.
- Teofil Ratajczak (1908-2004) received honorary citizenship on April 30, 1991.
- Ignacy Cieślak (1916–2002) received honorary citizenship on May 22, 1996.
- Eugeniusz Jakubowski (* 1933), teacher, received honorary citizenship on April 12, 2005.
sons and daughters of the town
- Waldemar Bolze (1886–1951), socialist politician and journalist
- Erich Hecke (1887–1947), mathematician.
literature
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 287-288.
Web links
- City and municipality website (Polish)
- Website about the Church of St. Stanislaus (Polish)
Footnotes
- ↑ http://genea2011.net/images/stories/karten/grosspolen_1793.jpg
- ↑ http://www.buk.gmina.pl/index.php?rsl=1&&pid=30
- ^ A b Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country of Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 287-288.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Grätz district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ For 1733, 1793 and 1945: http://www.buk.gmina.pl/index.php?rsl=1&&pid=62 , for 1875 and 1890: Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Grätz. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). For December 31, 2005: Główny Urząd Statystyczny, http://www.stat.gov.pl/dane_spol-gosp/ludnosc/stan_struk_teryt/2005/31_12/tablica8.xls
- ↑ Entry about the partner communities on the homepage of the community Hambühren Retrieved on April 10, 2019, 10:17 pm
