Bureja (river)

Bureja Бурея
Catchment area of ​​the Bureja
Data
Water code	RU :  20030500112118100041576
location	Khabarovsk Region , Amur Oblast ( Russia )
River system	Amur
Drain over	Amur  → Tatar Sound
confluence	von Rechter Bureja and Linker Bureja 51 ° 39 ′ 45 ″  N , 134 ° 16 ′ 54 ″  E
Source height	580  m
muzzle	Amur coordinates: 49 ° 24 '22 "  N , 129 ° 32' 11"  E 49 ° 24 '22 "  N , 129 ° 32' 11"  E
Mouth height	95  m
Height difference	485 m
Bottom slope	0.78 ‰
length	623 km (with right Bureja 739 km)
Catchment area	70,700 km²
Discharge at the gauge near the mouth	MQ	940 m³ / s
Left tributaries	Urgal , Tyrma
Right tributaries	Niman , Tujun
Reservoirs flowed through	Bureja dam
Navigable	Middle and lower reaches

Left Bureja Левая Бурея (Lewaja Bureja)
Water code	RU :  20030500112118100041705
location	Khabarovsk region (Russia)
source	Western flank of the Dusse-Alin (хребѐт Дуссе-Алинь) 52 ° 7 ′ 53 ″  N , 134 ° 52 ′ 21 ″  E
Union	with right Bureja to Bureja 51 ° 39 ′ 45 ″  N , 134 ° 16 ′ 54 ″  E
length	98 km
Catchment area	2390 km²

Right Bureja Правая Бурея (Prawaja Bureja)
Water code	RU :  20030500112118100041583
location	Khabarovsk region (Russia)
source	South face of Esopkamms (хребѐт Эзоп) 52 ° 25 '22 "  N , 134 ° 34' 39"  O
Union	with left Bureja to Bureja 51 ° 39 ′ 45 ″  N , 134 ° 16 ′ 54 ″  E
length	116 km
Catchment area	1700 km²

The 623 km long Bureja ( Russian Бурея ) is a left tributary of the Amur in the Far East of Russia ( Asia ).

geography

The Bureya created on the western flank of the named after her Burejagebirges in 580  m height from the headwaters rights Bureya (Russian Prawaja Bureya ) and Left Bureya (Russian Lewaja Bureya ). The right Bureja rises on the southern slope of the Esop ridge , the left Bureja on the western slope of the Dusse-Alin . These two mountain ranges, over 2000 meters high, represent the northern and highest parts of the Bureja Mountains and its northern continuations. The total length of the Bureja with the Bureja on the right is 739 km.

The name of the river is from the Evenk word Birija derived for "river".

In the upper reaches, the Bureja is a fast-flowing (3–4 m / s) mountain river with a narrow valley that flows through the Khabarovsk region in a south-westerly direction . Later, the valley widens in the Novy Urgal area . In the further course of the here about 800 m high Turana Mountains are broken through in a narrow valley. The river reaches the Amur Oblast , which it then flows through to the mouth. The Bureja dam was built between the 1970s and 2009 above the point where the mountain emerges, near the Talakan settlement . Further downstream, above the Novobureiski settlement , is the smaller Lower Bureja Dam with a hydroelectric power station (Nizhnebureiskaya GES). After flowing through the eastern part of the Seja-Bureja plain , the Bureja finally flows into the Amur with two arms near the village of Skobelzino .

The headwaters and the upper reaches of the Bureja are located in the 3500 km² Bureja nature reserve (Russian: Bureinski sapowednik ).

The catchment area of the Bureja covers 70,700 km². Near the mouth, the river is almost 500 m wide and over 4 m deep, the flow speed is 1.9 m / s. In the summer months the river is often flooded, with the water level rising by 6-10 meters.

The most important tributaries are Urgal ( Urgal ) and Tyrma ( Тырма ) from the left, Niman ( Ниман ) and Tujun ( Туюн ) from the right .

There are no towns directly on the Bureja, the largest are the urban-type settlements Novy Urgal , Talakan, Novobureiski and, a few kilometers away, Bureja .

Infrastructure

Construction of the Bureyskaya hydropower plant

In the lower reaches, near Novobureiski (as well as the settlement Bureja with the railway station of the same name) the Trans-Siberian Railway and in the middle reaches near Novy Urgal the Baikal-Amur-Magistrale (BAM) crosses the river, each on several hundred meter long bridges. The route of the Trans-Siberian-BAM cross-connection Izwestkowaja  - Tschegdomyn runs in the river valley below Novy Urgal . This section of the route has to be relocated for the planned flooding of the Bureja Dam.

Above Novobureiski, the Bureja has also been crossed by the M58 Amur road since 2001 . This is the only road bridge over the Bureja. In connection with the construction of the dam, a solid road was built from Novobureiski upstream to Talakan.

Landslide in December 2018

A landslide in December 2018 blocked the river to a width of about 600 to 800 meters and a height of 80 to 160 meters. Initial reports speculated that the landslide was caused by a meteorite impact. However, an earthquake is now the cause.

In February 2019, a canal was blasted into the landslide using 200 tons of TNT .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Bureja in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Article Bureja in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D002067~2a%3DBureja~2b%3DBureja
3. ↑ ^{a b} Left Bureja in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
4. ↑ ^{a b} Rights of Bureja in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)
5. ↑ Russian Army preparing to blow up 'mountain' blocking Siberian river.
6. ↑ A large hill crashes into the Bureya River caused by 'a meteorite'
7. ↑ tons of TNT blasts largest landslide dam in recent years, Russia.