Buton
| Buton | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Waters | Banda Lake | |
| Archipelago | Sulawesi | |
| Geographical location | 5 ° 3 ' S , 122 ° 53' E | |
|
||
| length | 150 km | |
| width | 60 km | |
| surface | 4th 408 km² | |
| Highest elevation |
Wani (Buton) 1190 m |
|
| Residents | approx. 500,000 (2010) 113 inhabitants / km² |
|
| main place | Construction construction | |
Buton , also Butung , Indonesian Pulau Buton, former Dutch spelling Boeton; is a 4400 km² Indonesian island located in the Banda Sea , belonging to the province of Southeast Sulawesi , in the southeast of Sulawesi . Its length is about 150 km and its width 60 km.
Buton and the neighboring island of Muna to the east belong to an archipelago with an area of about 9600 km², which is also called Buton and which also includes the island of Kabaena located west of Muna and the island of Wowoni located north of Buton . The island of Buton is divided between the two administrative districts ( Kabupaten ) Buton Utara and Buton .
geography
Buton is an often mountainous island made of coral limestone, rising up to 1190 m in the north and mostly made up of tropical rainforest . In the east, the 50 km long and 30 km wide Buton Bay cuts into the island. Some narrow plains extend along the coast. In the northeast the coast is swampy. The rainy season is from December to May, with an average of more than 100 mm of precipitation per month. Two wild cattle species endemic to Sulawesi and the offshore islands occur on the island , the lowland anoa and the mountain anoa .
The capital Bau-Bau is located on the southwest coast of the island, has 120,000 inhabitants and the important port of Murhum. Besides that there are only villages. Alongside wood and teak mining, asphalt production is an important line of business . Rice , maize and sago are grown for their own consumption , along with coconut palms , for example , so that copra can be sold. In addition, sugar cane , tobacco and coffee exports. The coastal residents also fish.
history
Buton was first mentioned in the 14th century in a Javanese poem called Nagarakretagama , which was written in the Kingdom of Majapahit in 1365 and is also an important historical testimony. The names of six kings of Buton have been passed down for the 14th to 16th centuries, starting with Queen Wa Kaa Kaa. The sixth king, Lakilaponto, adopted the Islamic faith in 1542 , converted the kingdom into a sultanate and has since called himself Sultan Murhum Kaimuddin Khalifatul Khamis. Around 1550 the sultanate came into the dependence of the kingdom of Ternate , for which it served as an important regional trading center. In 1612 the local rulers signed a contract with Apollonius Schotte , a captain of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In 1634 Buton came under the rule of the Macassars , who were ousted by the Dutch in 1667. These were henceforth the protective power of the sultan, who was considered their ally. The sultanate also included neighboring islands such as Muna, Kabaena, the Tukangbesi Islands to the east of Buton and parts of south-east Sulawesi. At that time there were four hierarchically graded classes of the population. The last Sultan Muhammad Falihi Kaimuddin died in 1960.
population
The approximately 500,000 inhabitants are known as the Butonese . In addition to the official language Indonesian, they speak various Austronesian languages and the majority are Sunnis . In traditional religion the ancestor cult was of great importance. The deceased were buried in small burial mounds, on which elaborately carved grave pillars were placed, which served as a place of residence for the dead souls. The Cia-Cia language is spoken by 79,000 residents in the southern part of the island .
Web links
- Customary forest, coffee growing and dancing on Buton, Sulawesi, Indonesia. blogs.worldbank.org links to a YouTube video, 4:26
- Buton on indonesia-tourism.com
Individual evidence
- ↑ Geoffrey C. Gunn: History of Timor , p. 19 ( Memento of the original of March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - Lisbon Technical University (PDF file; 805 kB)
- ↑ MS Cipolletti: Buton - A house for the dead. Museum of World Cultures Frankfurt am Main
