CAF Kahlbaum

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CAF Kahlbaum
legal form Corporation
founding 1818
resolution 1959
Reason for dissolution Merger with VEB Berliner Bärensiegel
Seat Berlin , Germany
Number of employees 158
sales ( Sales ):
29,200  hl (1958)
28,750 hl (1960)
Branch Liquor production

Listed former administration building of the wine and liqueur factory
CAF Kahlbaum in Berlin-Alt-Hohenschönhausen ,
status 2018

The liquor and fuel factory CAF Kahlbaum was a spirits manufacturer in Berlin . It was founded in 1818 by Carl August Friedrich Kahlbaum as a factory for alcohol preparations in old Berlin . The abbreviation CAF Kahlbaum (derived from the first letters of the company founder) was later used as a trade name and retained in the course of development. After passing it on in the family and relocating several locations, CAF Kahlbaum was finally incorporated into the VEB Bärensiegel in 1960 , the historical name remained in use on bottle labels and letterheads for a few years.

Prehistory in the 18th century

The name Kahlbaum was first mentioned in old Berlin in 1709 as Julius Kahlbaumsche tasting room . In 1799 the Berlin address book contains a brewer Kahlbaum . It has not yet been possible to determine whether this Julius Kahlbaum is a former family member of the Carl August Friedrich K. treated here.

In addition, towards the end of the 18th century and in the following years, spirits distillers or distillers can be found in many streets of Alt-Berlin (Mudrichsgasse 1 + 2, 9, 10, 11; Mulackgasse 1–4; Münzstraße 3 + 12; Nagelgasse, ...).

1818 to 1880

With the rapidly growing population in Berlin and the surrounding villages, there was an increasing demand for spirits , beer and wine . The merchant Carl August Friedrich Kahlbaum founded the distillery "Spritreinigungsanstalt und Liqueur Factory" in his home at Münzstrasse 19 in Old Berlin . At Cöpnickerstraße  96 lived and / or practiced at the same time the brandy distiller C. L. Kahlbaum.

Two people with the surname Kahlbaum were listed as distillers and spirits distillers in old Berlin from the 1830s to 1840s : CAF , in Münzstraße 19 and J. in Mauerstraße 51.

However, only the development of the company CAF Kahlbaum is presented here. For Julius Kahlbaum see

In 1847 Carl August had handed over the CAF Kahlbaum factory to his son August Wilhelm Kahlbaum (1822–1884). He had previously worked closely with a chemistry lab and in the Silesian road opened a second production plant in the former Habel's Zuckersiederei in 1870, the entire property he had bought. Mainly industrial chemicals were produced here. A. W. Kahl tree also devices for alcohol production and gave their own distillates of fruit .

The company CAF Kahlbaum was completely transferred to a grandson of the company founder, Carl August Ferdinand Johannes Kahlbaum , in 1879 .

1880 to 1922

The chemical factory in the Schlesische Strasse, located in the middle of an increasingly densely populated residential area, had to look for a new location because local residents' protests about the odor nuisance in particular increased. Johannes Kahlbaum, now the sole owner of the chemical and fuel factories, found a suitable area of ​​120  acres in what was then the Berlin suburb of Adlershof and had a small chemical factory built there from 1880 based on a design by the architect Gustav Kraemer and his Kreuzberg laboratory manager Adolph Bannow, which started production in 1882 started from pure alcohol. In the beginning Johannes Kahlbaum employed 12 people in Adlershof, who produced high-purity chemicals for science and made the by-products of alcohol rectification, which were previously hardly used, usable for drinking purposes. The demand for chemicals and drinking alcohol rose quickly, so that a short time later the small factory had to give way to a new building at the same location (Glienicker Weg 11–15, corner of Adlergestell ). In addition, Kahlbaum's schnapps factories soon expanded into other Berlin suburbs, including Lankwitz near Berlin . Shortly after the start of production in 1906 as the Adlershof-Berlin chemical factory , Johannes Kahlbaum died. At this point in time 400 workers and employees were already employed there and around 1000 different Kahlbaum reagents were on the market.

The chemical factory of the Joh.-Kahlbaum-Erben was involved in the development of chemical weapons in preparation for the First World War . Fritz Haber was particularly influential in this; it is known that the explosive TNT was produced here and also the poison bromoacetone , which irritated the bronchi. In August 1917, "Lost" was finally filled into the chemical factory in huge quantities of howitzer shells that had been delivered . A major fire on the factory premises damaged parts of the production plant, which were quickly repaired because the products were classified as essential to the war effort.

Advertisement from CAFK in the Berlin address book with the founding information and the address; 1914

In the years 1918/19, extensive additions and renovations were carried out in Adlershof, including the addition of a further factory building ( Hall IV ) and a multi-purpose building ( Building 63/65 ) and a furnace house with a particularly high chimney and the latest combustion technology.

Regardless of the chemical products in Adlershof, a distillery remained in the center of Berlin, but moved from Münzstraße to the important east-west traffic route Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße  18c (from 1950 Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 60 ), where there is also a sales facility (House No. 22) there (see picture).

The products of all German fuel factories experienced growing demand in these years, especially after the First World War .

The production facility in Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße existed parallel to the Adlershof factory as a distillation and fuel factory. Chemical factory continues steadily; The owners were now the Joh.-Kahlbaumschen heirs.

CEO of a chemical company Kahl tree in Adlershof, also called brandy clearance office Adlershof changed its name, was Isidor Stern .

1922 to around 1940

At the beginning of 1922 the Adlershof facility was split up, and part of the operation was acquired by Oberschlesische Kokswerke und Chemische Fabriken AG ( Breslauer Sprit for short ), which had also bought the Schering chemical factory . Five years later, both merged to form Schering Kahlbaum AG (Adlergestell 333). This corporation specialized in the manufacture of chemical products.

In the period from 1926 to 1928, the remaining part of the company, CAF Kahlbaum, acquired significant shares in the Schultheiss-Patzenhofer AG .

In 1927 the Kahlbaum heirs took over the Berlin liqueur producer Hartwig Kantorowicz AG , the expanded company was now called Hartwig Kantorowicz - CAF Kahlbaum AG , based in Charlottenburg, Spandauer Chaussee 56-60 (since 1950 Spandauer Damm ). In order to preserve the company capital brought in, each institution continued to appear on the market under its previous name; the C. A. F. Kahlbaum division traded as a liqueur factory and wine distillery . Kantorowicz-Kahlbaum continued to produce liqueurs and fruit juices and no longer sold these as well as wines and other "items from related industries" as competitors. They maintained liqueur pavilions in prominent places such as Luna Park .

In the 1930s, Schering had completely taken over Kahlbaum's Adlershof operations, for example in a Schering letterhead (red capitalization), overprinted with Schering-Kahlbaum AG (black capitalization) and with the now sole main address Berlin N 65 , Müllerstraße 170/172 to expression. At the same time, Schering wanted to continue to benefit from the good reputation and global awareness of Kahlbaum's pure chemicals. So the management decided to have a book with the title Die Kahlbaum Preparations produced in a limited edition and from 1939 to sell it to selected customers or potential buyers free of charge. In Germany there were around 20 addressees. It is particularly interesting that the advertising book was also sent directly to more than 30 Soviet universities and colleges via the commercial agency of the USSR in Berlin (Berlin, W 15). After the final integration, the name SCHERING AG / DEPARTMENT LABORATORY PREPARATIONS was put on the letterhead.

From 1939: CAF Kahlbaum repositions itself

Listed factory building on Große-Leege-Straße

At the beginning of the 1940s, the CAF Kahlbaumsche liquor factory moved from Charlottenburg to Berlin-Hohenschönhausen in Große-Leege-Straße  97/98, as can be seen in the address books from 1940 to 1943. The new location on the corner of Bahnhofstrasse was well chosen, as it had a connection to the Tegel-Friedrichsfelde industrial railway , which was beneficial for material delivery and removal. There were also factory buildings here that processed fruit and canned food in the 1920s. The former liqueur producer Kantorowicz stayed on Spandauer Straße in Charlottenburg.

The company CAFK supplied some dealers exclusively, so that, for example, in Friedrichstrasse  93, the owner Carl Goly advertised with Kahlbaum - old liqueur rooms and bottle sales (1942). This address was a former branch of Kantorowicz.

Resumption of liqueur production after the end of the war and integration of further companies

The large liqueur factory CAF Kahlbaum in Hohenschönhausen was able to resume production here after the war . It emerged herbal liqueurs like the BlackBerry Superba , the Mazora Triple Sec , the kumquat and harder drinks such as the bald tree whiskey .

After the founding of the GDR , the former stock corporation became the VEB CAF Kahlbaum liqueur factory , which had sales facilities at a historical location (K.-Liebknecht-Str. 60 [the former production and sales facility] and Friedrichstrasse 95) in the city center of Berlin .

A worker from VEB Kahlbaum in Hohenschönhausen, 1954
Photo: Günther Weiß
Company logo used in the 1950s

The alcoholic beverages known and well established before the war, such as Wurzelpeter , Goldbrand or Berliner Klarer , have now been supplemented by new creations such as vodka and brandy selection . The company also had its own flour mill.

The resulting from the bald tree's heritage liquor factory sales in addition to beverages and promotional items with the company logo, for example porcelain - ashtray from the porcelain factory Ilmenau or metal drinking cups in the form of delicate liqueur glasses .

In 1959, VEB Kahlbaum had the following operational structure: At the top was a works manager , directly subordinate to him were the sales department , all department heads from production, sales instructors , a company doctor, a quality control committee, the management department, the works union management, the culture department (with holiday service, the maintenance of a children's holiday camp), sports (maintenance of the company sports club BSG Hohenschönhausen) and others such as an office for suggestion and invention . During this time, the entire operation was subordinate to the Berlin municipal wholesaler of spirits and tobacco products . Eggnog , brandy and grain brandy are typical products of that time . New distillers were purchased for the brandy, and the distillery in Hohenschönhausen, Berliner Straße, was set up for the grain . There have also been attempts to produce a low-alcohol product (max. 20% alcohol content).

From July 1959, Kahlbaum took over the production of the herbal liqueur Mampe Half and Half with the mold team from the Mampe company, which had been in trust until June 30, 1959, but had to cease production afterwards. Because no recipe was handed over, Kahlbaum developed his own. A patent for the Schimmelgespann trademark was applied for (and approved) for the new product , the addition of Mampe should be omitted.

With immediate effect, all products should also be filled in small, easily sold bottles of 0.05 l and 0.1 l, which is why Kahlbaum successfully completed a technical in-house development for the manufacture of the bottles.

Company sketch of the historical development

From 1959: The association with the bear seal is planned

In 1959, the then East Berlin Economic Council decided to merge the two previously rather competing manufacturers of high-proof alcoholic beverages. From January 1, 1960, the administration was initially to be standardized; from January 1, 1961, “the total production of both companies” was to be combined. But in a corresponding note on the file it says: "In order to (to) avoid a drop in sales, the Kahlbaum and Bärensiegel products should continue to run separately."

Some sales figures for both companies (1958 to 1965)

  • 1958: Kahlbaum: 29,200 hl (actual actual )
    In the annual report from 1959 it says that this is “only a 50% capacity utilization due to declining sales”, which is why daily production had to be cut back and workers were relocated. On the other hand, administrative staff also had to help out in production when there was stronger seasonal demand.
  • 1959: Bärensiegel employed a total of 158 people that year. The sales figures for the bear seal liqueurs for the entire area of ​​the GDR, broken down by district, show the following breakdown:
lf.
No.		 district Amount
in hl 		Percent of the
amount produced
1 Rostock 1,486,360 06.1
2 Schwerin 685,460 02.8
3 Neubrandenburg 1,328.910 05.4
4th Potsdam 1,986,720 08.1
5 Frankfurt / Oder 1,738,980 07.1
6th cottbus 717.810 02.9
7th Magdeburg 1,562,810 06.3
8th Hall 3,844,300 15.6
lf.
No.		 district Amount
in hl 		Percent of the
amount produced
09 Erfurt 782,330 003.2
10 Gera 676.180 002.7
11 Suhl 386,550 001.6
12 Dresden 732,300 003.0
13 Leipzig 994.090 004.0
14th Karl Marx City 878,500 003.6
15th Berlin 06,793,150 027.6
total 24,574,390 100

The comparatively large amount for Berlin is explained by the open border with West Berlin , which - due to the cheap but illegal currency exchange rate - regularly saw larger purchases in this direction.

  • 1960: Kahlbaum: 28,750 hl and bear seal: 24,600 hl
  • 1961: (addition) 54,000 hl
  • 1962: 56,000
  • 1963: 58,000
  • 1964: 60,000
  • 1965: 60,000

A small unification thriller is completed in 1965

The declining sales development of 1958 prompted the management of both companies to merge the administrations pro forma as early as October 1, 1959. - The further steps of the merger of the two companies (dates, location, machine equipment, costs) were worked out by an operational staff with a composition of 3: 3, i.e. three people from each of the factories involved, as a decision template. Finally, repair and investment plans that have to be submitted individually should also be decisive for the next few years.

After completing all processes, after on-site inspections and preliminary discussions, the staff recommended that the only renewed Berlin spirits manufacturer be concentrated in the Weissensee district in the premises of the VEB Kahlbaum. Production at the Bärensiegel site on Josef-Orlopp-Strasse is to be phased out in the fourth quarter of 1959.

The final consultation on September 15, 1959 led to a reversal of the recommendation, because "in this company (bear seal) the far better spatial, technical and social conditions exist", among other things by:

  • the size and location of the company premises (Kahlbaum comprised 8,300 m² of production space, Bärensiegel 13,000 m²),
  • Bärensiegel has (e) an empty bottle yard with covered bottle boxes ; the state security , however, raised land claims at Kahlbaum in Hohenschönhausen,
  • only Bärensiegel had a bottle laundry up to now,
  • the bottling facilities at Bärensiegel were (are) logistically cheaper,
  • Bärensiegel offers better conditions for the production of emulsion liqueurs,
  • the storage possibilities of the unfinished production at Bärensiegel are better,
  • the finished goods warehouse at Bärensiegel is on the ground floor and is contiguous, at Kahlbaum it is spread over two floors,
  • at Bärensiegel there are better loading and unloading options without driving through a narrow factory yard like at Kahlbaum,
  • Later business expansions can be carried out more easily in the Lichtenberg industrial park.

However, it was decided to leave the existing Kahlbaum distillery in Berliner Straße there, but it should become part of the new operation. Raw spirit, grain and fine whiskey spirit were pre-produced here.

All decision-makers agreed on VEB Kahlbaum / Bärensiegel, Berlin-Lichtenberg , as the new name , which became binding on January 1, 1960.

The significant decision led to a plan of action for the merger being drawn up in October 1959 , which included two stages:

  1. Administratively and legally, the merger will take place under the new name in the first quarter of 1960, a new plant manager must be appointed and a new workforce plan must be drawn up as soon as possible. New labels are to be designed and printed step by step, as are new letterheads and outdoor advertising has to be coordinated.
  2. The production pooling is to take effect at the beginning of the 2nd quarter, but in Hohenschönhausen 8000 hl of alcohol are to be produced in I / 1960. Six craftsmen have to carry out the dismantling in Hohenschönhausen in II / 1960.

The magistrate was asked to determine by January 31, 1960, "what purpose the buildings of the VEB Kahlbaum should be used".

Although the start-up was quite bumpy on the whole, the annual report for 1960 shows positive effects such as:

  • the fuel production could almost be doubled to a total of 48,616.55 hl,
  • the transport routes were shortened,
  • Sales areas changed, while in Berlin there was an increase to 37.33%, fewer Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel products were sold in Halle (10.43%) and Rostock (4.29%).
  • The total number of workers (AK) was reduced to 261, but posts were available for 283 AK.

In 1965, Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel from Lichtenberg, the distillery in Hohenschönhausen and the entire complex of Bärensiegel Adlershof merged to form VEB Bärensiegel Berlin. The headquarters remained on Josef-Orlopp-Straße.

Letterhead after the merger

At the beginning of 1961 the company was then called VEB Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel Berlin , the address in Große-Leege-Straße was no longer shown in the phone book.

From CAF Kahlbaum only the name suffix Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel remained , on the bottle labels the places of manufacture (branch names) such as Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel Lichtenberg or Hohenschönhausen were recognizable, but soon there was only VEB Bärensiegel. The historical company name, which had been used for almost 250 years, quickly disappeared without a sound. From the 1960s onwards, the entire operation with its later added operations, including from other parts of the GDR, developed into one of the most important spirits manufacturers in the GDR.

Portal of the office building in Gr.-Leege-Strasse; 2018

After the fall of the Wall , new users were found for the former factory complex on Große-Leege-Straße: The representative administration building along the street became the property of DEVK insurance, which has a branch here. Numerous smaller companies were accommodated in the factory halls and other rooms, including three lawyers, five administrations, at least four educational and service institutions and around five craftsmen and service providers.

Literature and web links

  • CAF Kahlbaum Aktiengesellschaft (spirits and liqueur factory) , 1923.
  • Institute for Monument Preservation (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-II . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 407 .
  • Norbert Koch-Klauke: Refurbished schnapps factory . In: Berliner Zeitung , December 6, 2018, p. 14.
  • Otto von Mering: Income from German stock corporations before and after the (First World) War , Chapter 5: The fuel factories . Springer-Verlag, 2013.
  • DEFA Eyewitness No. 53, 1951: A state-owned distillery .
    The following keywords and guidelines describe the documentation part: 9. A nationally owned liqueur factory (Kahlbaum distillery) : German Democratic Republic (GDR); East Berlin Adlershof; State-owned enterprise (VEB) bear seal (later: VEB Spiritus Adlershof); Distillery; Luxury food industry; Spirits; Workers screwing hose to large copper tank; Close up of a copper tank with the inscription "Herzkirsch" (liqueur); v. E. From the automatic bottling line; Workers at the machine corking and labeling as well as removing the bottles; Long shot of the plant manager sitting at the desk in the office and trying liquor with the department manager in a white coat; Total looking forward to the eyewitness illuminator with spotlight and drinking vodka; Close up of the bottle with the name "Kahlbaum Vodka"; Close-up of the illuminator vodka bottle doubled and blurred (film trick), underlaid with humorous commentary.
Commons : Kahlbaum Spritfabrik  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ Local utilities / local industry and craft: VEB Kahlbaum . In: LA Berlin, C-Rep 148-05.
  2. ^ Berlin address book 1799> Name overview of the house owners> Kahlbaum
  3. ↑ Street map> Münzstraße and surroundings . In: Karl Neander von Petersheiden: Illustrative tables , 1799, I.
    Documentation of all streets, alleys, squares and their inhabitants> Münzstraße . In: CF Wegener: House and General Address Book of the Royal. Capital and residence city Berlin , 1822, I, p. 281ff.
  4. ^ Berlin address book 1820> Kahlbaum, CL, Brandtweinbrenner . The relationship between the two Kahlbaums is not clear from the address books.
  5. ↑ Proof of the house owner> Kahlbaum . In: General housing indicator for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1840, I, p. 178.
  6. ↑ Michael Engel: Kahlbaum, Wilhelm . In: Neue Deutsche Biographie 11 (1977), p. 24. [1] , accessed on December 8, 2018.
  7. ↑ a b Historical overview of bear seals and numerous photos from the state in 2014 on arche-foto.com , accessed on December 7, 2018.
  8. ↑ CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1878, I, p. 408 (address Schlesische Straße 13/14; owner Kommerzienrath A (August) W (ilhelm) Kahlbaum).
  9. ^ Kahlbaum> CAF Kahlbaum, distillation (Münzstrasse); CAF Kahlbaum Chemical Factory (Schlesische Strasse); Kahlbaum, Julius, distillation and fuel factory (Mauerstraße 51) . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1888, I, p. 505 (apart from the factory in Mauerstrasse, the other two institutions identified the owner Johannes Kahlbaum).
  10. ↑ CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1891, I, p. 593.
  11. ↑ a b c Herbert Teichmann: Chemie in Adlershof in: Mitteilungen, Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker / Fachgruppe Geschichte der Chemie (Frankfurt / Main), Vol. 16 (2002) , with a short description by CAF Kahlbaum at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th Century (from page 151).
  12. ^ CAF Kahlbaum> Owner Johannes Kahlbaum . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1900, I, p. 692.
  13. ↑ CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1907, I, p. 1054.
  14. ↑ Architectural drawings for three building complexes on the area in Adlershof, Glienicker Weg at the corner of Adlergestell; coordinated between owner , architect (unfortunately not named) and construction management. Dated between 1818 and 1919. In the Berlin State Archives: A-Rep. 229-295, -296.
  15. ↑ Earnings German stock companies before and after the war (. S literature on www.books.google.de); Retrieved December 8, 2018, p. 85.
  16. ^ CAF Kahlbaum> K.-W.-Strasse 18c . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1911, I, p. 1294.
  17. ↑ a b CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1920, I, p. 1236.
  18. ^ Kahlbaum liqueurs . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, I, p. 6 (The address had changed from house number 18c to 22 (presumably an official renumbering)).
  19. ↑ Comment : There is an advertisement in the Art Deco style on the Internet - a silhouette shows a couple dancing between the two words Kahlbaum and Liqueur , the advertisement should probably activate the corresponding target groups. Advertisement Kahlbaum liqueurs, 1924 , accessed December 8, 2018.
  20. ↑ Glienicker Weg . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV, p. 1619 ( Kahlbaum GmbH is registered as the owner under the parcel numbers 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 with the factory CAF, Chemical Factory (Berlin) ).
  21. ^ View of a bond issued by the CAF Kahlbaum Gesellschaft in April 1922 in the amount of 1,000 Reichsmarks ; In the explanatory text below the illustration there are more details about the Wroclaw fuel. Retrieved December 18, 2018.
  22. ^ In the Berlin State Archives: A-Rep. 250-04 Merger of the Kahlbaum shares in the Schultheiß-Patzenhofer AG with the CAF Kahbaum AG .
  23. ^ Kahlbaum, CAF In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, I, p. 1454.
  24. ↑ Excerpts from newspapers ( Industrie- und Handelszeitung Berlin and Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung (Berlin) ) from October 25, 1927: New founding of the Kantorowicz-Kahlbaum companies , accessed on December 8, 2018.
  25. ↑ Johanna Niedbalski: The whole world of pleasure: Berlin amusement parks in the 1888er and the 1930s . be.bra Wissenschaft verlag, 2018, Pleasures in the Park: The dimensions of experience, p. 362 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed December 7, 2018]).
  26. ^ Confidential letter from Schering AG dated December 8, 1938 on the publication of the book Die Kahlbaum Preparations including all distributors. Landesarchiv Berlin: A Rep 229-384.
  27. ^ Population by alphabet> CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1941, I, p. 1336.
  28. ↑ Weißensee> Hohenschönhausen> Große-Leege-Straße 97/98 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1942, IV.
  29. ↑ CAF Kahlbaum . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1943, I, p. 1301 (CAFK in Spandauer Strasse and also in Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse can no longer be found).
  30. ^ Kahlbaum> framed advertisement . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1942, I, p. 1328.
  31. ^ Official telephone book for Berlin, 1952 edition: Kahlbaum CAF, VEB Likörfabrik , accessed on December 9, 2018.
  32. ↑ Official Telephone Book Berlin, 1956 edition: Advertisement for VEB Kahlbaum with headquarters in Große-Leege-Strasse: VEB Kahlbaum , Liqueur Factory. Wine and grain distillery .
  33. ↑ VEB Kahlbaum "Edel-Liköre" with the address Große-Leege-Straße 97/98 according to the advertising lines above and below on p. 120 in the official telephone book for the area of ​​the district office for post and telecommunications in Greater Berlin. Edition 1959
  34. ^ Label of vodka from VEB Kahlbaum Berlin ; accessed on December 7, 2018.
  35. ↑ Between Cortina and Oslo ... with a note about a worker in the Kahlbaum grain mill (enter 'Kahlbaum' in the search window); ND archive, 1956; entire article is chargeable.
  36. ↑ Promotional ashtray with VEB Kahlbaum logo on ebay.de, accessed on December 8, 2018.
  37. ^ Kahlbaum liqueurs, tasting glass , accessed on December 8, 2018.
  38. ↑ Planning of the spirits companies VEB Kahlbaum and Bärensiegel with regard to a merger. Paragraph II (page 5) was important for further development: the Kahlbaum and Bärensiegel operations were merged . - The document folder in the state archive also contains the company collective agreement of VEB Kahlbaum for 1959 and a plan of action to make up for plan arrears from April 30, 1959. In: Landesarchiv Berlin, C-Rep 148-05, No. 19.
  39. ^ Annual reports 1956 to 1961 VEB Kahlbaum, bear seal . In: Landesarchiv Berlin, C-Rep 147-06, No. 69.
  40. ^ Annual report of the VEB Bärensiegel for the year 1959 ; P. 5; In C-Ref 148-05 No. 19, Landesarchiv Berlin.
  41. ↑ a b Submission for resolution on the merger , September 15, 1959. In: Landesarchiv Berlin, C Rep 148-05, internal number 19: Planning of the spirits companies VEB Kahlbaum and Bärensiegel , 1959.
  42. ↑ a b Final report of the working group for the merger of companies, July 3, 1959. In: LA Berlin, C Rep 148-05.
  43. ↑ Telephone and address book 1967: Kahlbaum-Bärensiegel , headquarters in Josef-Orlopp-Straße.
  44. ^ Official telephone directory for the area of ​​the district directorate for post and telecommunications in Greater Berlin. Edition 1961, p. 156 .
  45. ↑ Many pictures from the state of 2014 with information about VEB Bärensiegel Adlershof and the corresponding history (only English) on wordpress.com; accessed on December 10, 2018.
  46. ↑ The information was read from the photos of the mailboxes in the passage to the courtyard. // As of February 2019.