Black and yellow coalition

Logo of the CDU

Logo of the FDP

Under a black-yellow coalition (short black and yellow ) are understood in Germany , a government coalition between the Union ( CDU or CSU ) and the FDP as coalition partner. This type of cooperation between parties is also known as a conservative-liberal , Christian-liberal , center-right or bourgeois coalition. The term black-yellow coalition was unknown before 1972, as the FDP only acquired the color combination yellow / blue in the context of the state election campaign in Baden-Württemberg in 1972.

Coalitions at federal level

There were black-yellow coalitions at the federal level :

• 1961–1963 under Konrad Adenauer (see Cabinet Adenauer IV and V )
• 1963–1966 under Ludwig Erhard (also Cabinet Erhard I and II )
• 1982–1998 under Helmut Kohl ( see Kohl Cabinet I , II , III , IV and V )
• 2009–2013 under Angela Merkel ( see Merkel II cabinet )

From 1949 to 1956, the FDP was also involved in federal governments with the Union under Konrad Adenauer. However, the government also included the German party and from 1953 to 1956 also the BHE , so that there were no purely black and yellow governments.

Coalitions at the state level

A black-yellow coalition under Prime Minister Armin Laschet (CDU) has ruled North Rhine-Westphalia since June 27, 2017 . This is the first black-yellow coalition at the country level since 2014.

Baden-Württemberg

• 1960–1966 Kurt Georg Kiesinger
• 1996-2005 Erwin Teufel
• 2005–2010 Günther Oettinger
• 2010–2011 Stefan Mappus

Bavaria

• 2008-2013 Horst Seehofer

Berlin

• 1953–1955 Walther Schreiber
• 1983–1984 Richard von Weizsäcker
• 1984–1989 Eberhard Diepgen

Hesse

• 1987–1991 Walter Wallmann
• 1999–2003 Roland Koch
• 2009–2010 Roland Koch
• 2010–2014 Volker Bouffier

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

• 1990-1992 Alfred Gomolka
• 1992–1994 Berndt Page

Lower Saxony

• 1977–1978 Ernst Albrecht
• 1986–1990 Ernst Albrecht
• 2003-2010 Christian Wulff
• 2010-2013 David McAllister

North Rhine-Westphalia

State governments of North Rhine-Westphalia

• 1954–1956 Karl Arnold
• 1962–1966 Franz Meyers
• 2005–2010 Jürgen Rüttgers
• since June 27, 2017 Armin Laschet

Rhineland-Palatinate

• 1951–1969 Peter Altmeier
• 1969–1971 Helmut Kohl
• 1987–1988 Bernhard Vogel
• 1988–1991 Carl-Ludwig Wagner

Saarland

• 1961–1970 Franz-Josef Röder
• 1977–1979 Franz-Josef Röder
• 1979–1985 Werner Zeyer

Saxony

• 2009–2014 Stanislaw Tillich

Saxony-Anhalt

• 1990-1991 Gerd Gies
• 1991–1993 Werner Münch
• 1993–1994 Christoph Bergner
• 2002–2006 Wolfgang Böhmer

Schleswig-Holstein

• 1951–1951 Friedrich Wilhelm Lübke
• 1958–1962 Kai-Uwe von Hassel
• 1963–1971 Helmut Lemke
• 2009–2012 Peter Harry Carstensen

Thuringia

• 1990–1992 Josef Duchač
• 1992–1994 Bernhard Vogel

Trivia

While the TV duel between Angela Merkel and Frank-Walter Steinmeier during the 2009 election asked Maybrit Illner Merkel after her coalition plans - which Illner the black-yellow coalition as " Tiger Duck coalition " (also called " Tigerenten coalition written") referred to - in line with the black-yellow-striped Janosch figure of the tiger duck . While many media rejected this word creation, critics of the coalition like to use it because of its mocking undertone.

literature

• Andreas Grau: Chasing after, “catapulting out” or splitting? On the relationship between the Union and the FDP after the 1969 Bundestag election . In: Historisch -politische Mitteilungen, 13 (2006), pp. 77–92.
• Doris Steffens: Tiger Duck Coalition - Heard? To the new vocabulary in German . In: Sprachreport . Issue 1, 2010, pages 2–8, (quote on page 4).
• Franz Walter : Back to the old bourgeoisie. CDU / CSU and FDP . In: APuZ 40/2004, pp. 32-38.

Web links

• Political color theory ( Memento from March 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Political color theory (20 politik & kommunikation - October 2006) ( Memento from March 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
2. ↑ From Jamaica to Albania? How the parties came up with their colors: A little political theory of colors ( Memento from January 15, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ comment by Markus Horeld on ZEIT.de
4. ↑ The Tiger Duck Coalition
5. ↑ Ingo Hasewend, Sonja Hasewend: The triumph for black and yellow. kleinezeitung.at , September 28, 2009, archived from the original on January 2, 2010 ; Retrieved February 18, 2015 . 
6. ↑ Greens: End of the Tiger Duck Coalition ( Memento from September 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
7. ↑ Abendzeitung: Play of colors at the urn: voting for strategists
8. ↑ Berliner Morgenpost: Generation Tigerente - black and yellow is unattractive for high performers