Crooked sedge

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Crooked sedge
Common crooked sedge (Carex curvula subsp. Curvula)

Common crooked sedge ( Carex curvula subsp. Curvula )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Crooked sedge
Scientific name
Carex curvula
Alles.

The crooked sedge ( Carex curvula ) is a species of the genus Seggen ( Carex ) within the sour grass family (Cyperaceae). In the alpine turf above acidic rock it forms the stock.

description

illustration

Vegetative characteristics

The crooked sedge is a perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 20 centimeters. It has a clump-shaped growth. At the base of the shoot are the frayed remains of the previous year's leaves. The leaves are runny-bristly, olive-green and at the tip mostly yellowed and dead due to fungal attack ( Pleospora elynae , an Ascomycete ). This results in the eponymous curved leaf position.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period lasts July and August. The curved sedge is a monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ). The spike consists of five to eight spikes (male at the tip) and has no leaf-like bracts at the base , the stems are smooth. The ears are brown, the tube 5 to 8 mm long, broadly lanceolate and beaked.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = approx. 86.

ecology

The curved sedge is a hemicryptophyte . The pollination is carried by the wind. The fruits are spread anemochorically .

Subspecies

A distinction is made between two subspecies, which have different distribution and ecological requirements.

Common crooked sedge

features

The common or silicate crooked sedge ( Carex curvula subsp. Curvula , hereinafter called crooked sedge) is the much more common of the two subspecies. Their roots are light brown to yellowish. Their leaf blades have the typical curvature, are V-shaped in cross section and have a central rib on the top. The bracts are maroon.

distribution

The subspecies occurs in the alpine level of the Eastern Pyrenees , the Central and Eastern Alps , the Carpathians and the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula . It is widespread in Austria and Switzerland. Its occurrence in Germany is not certain, it occurs near the border in the Wetterstein Mountains and in the Stone Sea . On the Balkan Peninsula, the Krumm-Sedge is restricted to locations in high silicate mountains in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia and Bulgaria. In the Dinarides , which are mainly composed of carbonates, it is widespread in the Vlašić in Bosnia, in the Bjelasica in Montenegro and around the Đeravica in the eastern Prokletije . In North Macedonia in the Šar planina , Korab and in the Pelister . In Bulgaria only in the Pirin and Rila Mountains.

Locations and Sociology

The crooked sedge is a full-light plant as well as a cold and acid pointer .

The crooked sedge grows in acidic soil above about 2000 meters. It thrives best on dry to moderately fresh, acidic ( pH 4 to 6.8) and humus stone soils , which are usually poor in nutrients. The upper humus layer of their locations rarely has a pH value above 5.5, usually even around 4.

It is a character species of the Caricetum curvulae Rübel 1911 or Krumm-Seggenrasen from the association Caricion curvulae. The crooked sedge lawn is particularly typical of the Alps, as it does not exist in Northern Europe, in the Tatra Mountains or in the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula. The Krumm-Sedge lawn often dominates between 2200 and 2800 m above sea level. In addition to the crooked sedge itself, the following species are typical: Swiss dandelion ( Leontodon helveticus ), alpine marguerite (Leucanthemopsis alpina), arnica ( Arnica montana ) and various types of moss lichen ( Cetraria spp.). Crooked sedge lawns rarely occur above carbonate rock, but only if this is covered by a layer of fine earth and the topsoil is acidic. Crooked sedge lawns have a very poor feed value, and the increase in fabric is usually only 100 to 160 g / m² per year.

Lime crooked sedge

Carex curvula subsp. pink gilomen grows in poor grass over limestone (mica) slate (pH 5.8 to 8.6). It has brown roots. The leaves are usually not curved, crescent-shaped in cross-section and usually have no central channel on top. The bracts are yellowish to light brown. The Kalk-Krumm-Sedge occurs in the alpine level of the Western Pyrenees and the Western Alps (up to the Hohe Tauern ). In Austria it is rare and occurs only in Tyrol and Carinthia (only Glocknergruppe ) ago. In terms of plant sociology , it can be assigned to the nude lawn ( Elynetum myosuroides ).

literature

  • Heinz Ellenberg: Krummseggenrasen . In: Ders .: Vegetation of Central Europe . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1986, pp. 551-554.
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora . 7th edition, Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive (CD-Rom), Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2001/2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  171 .
  2. ↑ Snežana Vukojicic 2008: Glacijalni relikti u orofitskoj floristic Srbije, Crne Gore i Makedonije. Dissertation, Biološki Faculty, University of Beograd. Here p. 133

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