Carinhall
Carinhall was a representative property of the Reichsmarschall and leading National Socialist Hermann Göring . The name of the property refers to Goering's first wife, who died in 1931 Swede Carin Göring , born Baroness Fock, divorced from Kantzow, with whom he was married since 1923, and the Valhalla , according to Viking Mythology a magnificent heavenly hall in which Odin , the bravest fallen warriors. The property was in the Schorfheide between Großdöllner See and Wuckersee , near Groß Dölln in the north of today's state of Brandenburg . The architect of the building complex, which was built in several stages after 1933 and based on historical architectural styles, was initially Werner March , the creator of the Berlin Olympic Stadium . Friedrich Hetzelt later took over the construction.
From 1933 to 1945
After visiting the grave of his first wife in Sweden , Göring gave a speech and left a bouquet of red roses. This was removed shortly afterwards by indignant Swedes who left a protest note. This was directed against the politicization of a Swedish citizen for propaganda purposes. Göring had the incident redeclared as a desecration of the grave in the synchronized press . He used this as a pretext to transfer the dead woman from Sweden to Germany in a state act. Her body was laid to rest in a crypt on the Carinhall grounds.
In the exhibition rooms of Carin Hall was Gothic and renaissancistische private collection of Hermann Goering housed, consisting largely predatory and looted art was, but also contained paintings from legitimate purchases, such as the painting Leda with her children from Giampietrino (now in Kassel) . He received foreign state guests here, with whom he sometimes went on hunting trips to the Schorfheide. State guests included the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini (September 28, 1937), the British politician Edward Wood (November 20, 1937) and the Japanese Foreign Minister Matsuoka Yosuke (March 29, 1941).
In 1943 Göring had part of his private collection stored in the salt mine Altaussee near Altaussee in the Bad Aussee district in Styria . From 1945 these works of art were brought in trucks by the Allies to the Central Collecting Point in Munich, which was located in the former Führerbau and in the administration building of the NSDAP .
The other part of the private collection remained in the Carinhall showrooms. In January 1945 Göring had the rest of the art collection brought to Berchtesgaden in special trains and stored there in tunnels. The art treasures were unloaded and taken to air raid shelters. Some of the paintings and tapestries were looted from the trains during these last days of the war .
Goering left Carinhall on April 20, 1945. What remained was a small group of the Luftwaffe , which, on Göring's instructions, was to blow up the property's buildings as the Red Army approached . When the Red Army was only a few kilometers away, Carinhall was blown up on April 28, 1945 with over 80 aerial bombs . Only a few foundation walls, collapsed cellars and remains of columns have been preserved. A granite boulder and a display board with the history and photos of the former forest courtyard on Hirschplatz mark the location of the property. In contrast, the two guard houses at the former main gate are fully preserved and in good condition.
Nearby is a radio station and seven kilometers north on the L 100 at Ahlimbsmühle a little-known false system made of boards and nets to deceive the Allied aerial reconnaissance.
After the war
The building of the radio station is still preserved. The former Templin / Groß Dölln special airfield is located about seven kilometers to the northwest .
The remnants of the Carinhall country estate, consisting of two accommodation houses for guards, a gate system with two post huts and an avenue of chestnut trees behind, are listed as architectural monuments of Templin . Nothing is left of the actual complex, a few remains of the wall can be found in the forest. Until the 1990s, the basement and bunker were partially buried and accessible, these entrances have since been removed. At the former grave of Carin Göring only a depression in the ground can be seen.
During excavations, a preserved bunker was found, inside of which art objects could still be found. The bunker was converted to accommodate bats .
Crown deer and fighting amazon
In the courtyard of Carinhall on the Hirschplatz at the end of the Kastanienallee stood the bronze sculpture Kronenhirsch by Johannes Darsow . It was designed for the 1937 international hunting exhibition in Berlin . It is about the red deer buffoon , which Hermann Göring hunted on February 9, 1936 in the Warnen Forestry Office in Rominter Heide . After the hunting exhibition, the bronze sculpture came from the main entrance of the Berlin exhibition halls to Carinhall, around 1950 in the park of Sanssouci Palace in Potsdam and in 1969 on the open-air stage in Tierpark Berlin . The bronze sculpture Fighting Amazone , created by Franz von Stuck in 1897 and standing west of the main wing, was transferred to Eberswalde . There it stood for a long time below the Maria Magdalenen Church before it was moved to the nearby Weidendamm Park.
literature
- Günther Haase: The art collection of Reich Marshal Hermann Göring . A documentation. Edition q, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-86124-520-5 .
- Hanns Christian Löhr: The Iron Collector: The Hermann Göring Collection - Art and Corruption in the “Third Reich” . Gebr. Mann, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-7861-2601-0 .
- Uwe Neumärker, Volker Knopf: Goering's area. Hunting and politics in the Rominter Heide . 3rd updated edition. Christoph Links, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-86153-705-2 .
- Volker Knopf, Stefan Martens: Goering's Reich. Self-presentations in Carinhall . 6th updated edition. Christoph Links, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-86153-392-4 .
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Literature by and about Carinhall in the catalog of the German National Library
- Search for Carinhall in the German Digital Library
- Search for Carinhall in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
- The art collection in Carinhall and the bunker complex ( Memento from February 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Annett Gröschner : On Carinhall, Schorfheide. In: Stephan Porombka , Hilmar Schmundt (Hrsg.): Bad places. Sites of National Socialist self-expression - today. Claassen, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3-546-00380-3 , p. 106.
- ^ Wolfgang Ullrich : Uta von Naumburg. A German icon. Wagenbach, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-8031-5159-7 , p. 54.
- ↑ A second sculpture based on this model was cast as Hubertushirsch in 1938 in the Lauchhammer art and bell foundry , set up at the Neuer Jägerhaus in the Grillenburg castle park and moved to the Kurplatz in the Kurort Hartha in 2013 .
Coordinates: 53 ° 0 ′ 31 ″ N , 13 ° 38 ′ 11 ″ E