Gross Dolln

Gross Dolln City of Templin Coordinates: 52 ° 59 ′ 34 ″  N , 13 ° 31 ′ 29 ″  E
Height :	57 m above sea level NHN
Incorporation :	October 26, 2003
Postal code :	17268
Area code :	039883
Location of Groß Dölln in Brandenburg

Groß Dölln has been part of the town of Templin in the Uckermark district in the state of Brandenburg in the Federal Republic of Germany since 2003 .

history

From the Stone Age to the construction of the glassworks

The first people reached the Döllner area as early as the Stone Age , as is proven by finds from Fathers , Kap and Kurtschlag. The Wendish word dolan for valley or waterhole could have given the village its name. In 1729, due to the abundance of wood in the region, a glassworks was built near the Dölln river . This resulted in the establishment of the village of Dellen in 1747. The settlers have always benefited from the abundance of wood in their forest, and wood processing formed the economic basis for them.

1742-1933

However, the glassworks burned down to its foundations in 1742 and a new building was not permitted by the forest. On March 23, 1843, almost the entire village burned down. After the fire was finally extinguished after several days, more refractory materials were used to rebuild the village. From 1871 onwards, there was a certain level of prosperity in Groß Dölln, which lasted until the First World War and was particularly promoted by a newly built connection to Groß Schönebeck.

Groß Dölln under the Nazi dictatorship

After 1933 Groß Dölln was nazified more and more, the Hitler Youth and the Nazi women's association were founded. Hermann Göring appreciated the region and the hunting opportunities of the Schorfheide and had the Carinhall Palace built there by the architect of the Berlin Olympic Stadium . The village had 45 war dead to mourn. Göring left Carinhall on April 20, 1945, eight days later an air force detonated the facility shortly before the Red Army reached it. The swastika flag on Groß Dölln's church tower was replaced by a white sheet.

GDR postage stamp with the face of Walter Ulbricht

The time of socialism

During the time under the socialist regime, the village lost its tradition, which has to do with the decline of agriculture . The attempt to found an agricultural production cooperative in Groß Dölln also failed miserably due to poor soil and the negative attitude of the farmers. In the years 1952–1956, the Soviets built the largest military airfield in Europe here , which, according to the Döllner village chronicle, only brought disadvantages with it, e.g. B. constant threat from unsafe war technology or extreme noise pollution. After 1966, many Döllner found work in the newly built factory for television electronics . A prominent death should be mentioned here: State Council Chairman Walter Ulbricht died in his holiday home near Groß Dölln on August 1, 1973. This guest house was then also occupied by Erich Honecker and Leonid Brezhnev , who were then head of state of the Soviet Union .

During the GDR era, a holiday camp was built and operated near the place where children of the republic could spend their holidays.

After the political change

The turning point was initiated in the village with a residents' assembly that elected a new mayor and a new local council. The incumbents changed more frequently over the next few years. In 1992 the community joined the Templin-Land office .

Together with the twelve other municipalities of the office, Groß Dölln was incorporated into Templin on October 26, 2003.

Population development

Population development from 1860 to 1992

The population of Groß Dölln has fluctuated greatly over the centuries. The number of inhabitants reached its peak in 1943, when over 1000 people lived in the small village, the majority of whom were families who had fled from Berlin and refugees from the east of the Reich. A small refugee camp was even built for the strangers. From 1949 the number of the population steadily decreased.

year	population
1860	860
1900	745
1912	666
1933	653
1943	about 1000
1949	660
1951	583
1963	461
1969	415
1973	401
1976	385
1984	335
1992	314

Attractions

church

The Döllner village church from the south-south-west

The Döllner village church with a war memorial from the east

The first church in Dölln was completed and consecrated in 1735 at the expense of the metalworkers. The baptismal bowl was donated in 1727 by the wife of the glass works leaseholder Regina E. Preissig and is still in use today. In March 1843 the church burned down almost completely in the great fire in Groß Dölln, but the village pastor was able to consecrate a new, even larger church in neo-Gothic style six years later on October 15, 1849. The church tower has an impressive height of 40.48 meters. The church received an organ in 1883. The oak cross inside is 2.6 meters high. A valuable chandelier from the blown up country estate Carinhall has adorned the church since 1950. Thanks to a charitable donation from a döllner of over DM 40,000, the entire bell system was modernized. Every year at the end of June a church festival takes place in the church, at which various choirs perform and the proceeds of the donations go to the church. The campaign “A brick for the church” is a fundraising campaign with which the dilapidated church roof is to be repaired. Most recently, the parish of Groß Dölln held a benefit concert in the winter of 2010 in favor of a dilapidated Russian Orthodox church in Russia.

monument

After 28 dolls were killed in World War I , a memorial was erected for them in Luthergarten two years after the end of the war, in 1920 . After the Second World War, the memorial was saved from demolition through a civil initiative.

Döllnfließ

→ See main article: Döllnfließ

The Döllnfließ determined the development of the village significantly until the 20th century . The river was created in the Middle Ages as a connection between the Döllnseen and the Havel in order to be able to raft the wood felled in the Schorfheide to the Havel, but after the construction of the forest railway, rafting became superfluous. Today the Döllnfließ is part of the Schorfheide / Chorin biosphere reserve.

Hotel Doellnsee

Conference room of the guest house of the State Council of the GDR on February 8, 1981

The hotel was planned as the guest house of the Carinhall country estate and was preserved after the castle was blown up. Here, according to Rudolf Pastorino's chronicle, the heads of the Axis powers, Hitler, Mussolini and the Japanese Foreign Minister conspired against the world. After the war, the building was used as an FDJ holiday home and later as the residence of the SED leadership. Walter Ulbricht, who also died here, Erich Honecker and Leonid Brezhnev were often guests here. Today the historic domicile is a luxurious 4-star hotel with around 60 employees, which has a sauna area, a pool, a massage lounge and a cocktail bar. It offers some leisure programs such as B. Excursions to the Templin candle workshop or two-day excursions to the Berkenlatten ostrich farm .

Glassworks

The glassworks is the reason for the establishment of Dölln. Erected in 1729, it determined events in the village for many years. Twenty houses were inhabited by the workers of the glassworks, such as glass blowers, shapers and woodworkers. Green bottle glass with a pressed-in seal was produced in the glassworks. After 15 years of operation, the glassworks burned down in 1744 and was not rebuilt. An old storage shed in the row street, which was called that back then, is still reminiscent of the former glassworks.

graveyard

Until the great fire in 1843, when the church burned down, the cemetery was located next to the church. A new cemetery was then laid out on Kleine Dellenstrasse (formerly Schönebecker Chaussee), which was expanded at the end of the 19th century. The cemetery chapel was consecrated around 1911. In 1942, due to lack of space, a new cemetery had to be created, which is within sight of the old cemetery. Both cemeteries received a water connection in 1977.

literature

• Siegfried Haase, Sigurd Wendland: Community of Groß Dölln in the Templin office (Hrsg.): Döllner Dorfchronik. Zehdenick: Color-Druck 1997
• Rudolf Pastorino: Döllner Ortschronik.

Web links

Commons : Groß Dölln  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Gross Dolln. Community website
• Gross Dölln (Templin-Info)
• Doellnsee.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Döllner village chronicle
2. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
3. ↑ Döllner Dorfchronik, "1943/1945"
4. ^ Pastorino, Rudolf: population development
5. ↑ Information board in the village center