Grunewald (Templin)

Grunewald City of Templin Coordinates: 53 ° 6 ′ 49 ″  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 30 ″  E
Height :	52 m
Incorporation :	October 26, 2003
Postal code :	17268
Area code :	03987

Grunewald is a district of the town of Templin in the Uckermark district ( Brandenburg ). The present-day place was created before 1700 from a fence-setters on the Großer Wildzaun . In 1725 this place was converted into a Vorwerk ; In 1751 ten colonist families from Mecklenburg were settled on the Vorwerk and abandoned. Until 2003, when it was incorporated into the town of Templin, Grunewald was an independent municipality.

Geographical location

Grunewald is located in the south-western part of the urban area of ​​Templin. It borders in the north on Storkow and Vietmannsdorf, in the south-east on Groß Dölln (all named places are districts of the city of Templin), and in the south-west and west on Kurtschlag and Vogelsang, both places are districts of the city of Zehdenick . Grunewald is 52 m above sea level. Grunewald can be reached via the K 7348, which branches off the L 215 at Kurtschlag and leads through Grunewald to Storkow and Hammelspring . In the east, the airfield of the former Soviet military airfield Groß Dölln (until 1994) extends to the border of the marker.

history

Around 1660, the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm began with the reconstruction of the so-called "Great Wild Fence" from the Havel to the Oder, which was laid out in the middle of the 16th century and destroyed or dilapidated in the Thirty Years' War , in order to prevent the game from being transferred to the cultivated land to the north to prevent the Uckermark. To maintain this fence, a total of 12 fence-setting points were created along the game fence. The Schulze von Groß-Ziethen took over one position for a fee, the other fence-setting positions were re-established by clearing the large forest area and mostly became the nucleus of new settlements. The fence setters had next to the house z. Sometimes considerably large arable and meadow areas.

In 1718 the fence setter by Gert Amerlahn at the Wildzaun in the Reiersdorf area was first mentioned. The forest area then belonged to the Zehdenick office . Amerlahn had 107 acres of arable land and 18 acres of meadows (1 acre to 400 square rods ) to his fencing site. He kept 20 cows in these meadows. In 1721, the Zehdenick Office came up with a plan to convert the fence posts into outworks and to clear even more heath. This Vorwerk already existed in 1725; it was initially called Düsterlaacke, then in 1727 the name Grunewald appears for the first time for the Vorwerk. In 1736 it had 650 acres of land (one acre of 180 square rods), of which 532 acres were arable, 115 acres meadow and 3 acres garden land. 6 day laborers had already settled. In 1748 it was planned to convert the Vorwerk into 12 farm sites with 90 acres of fields and 15 acres of meadow. In 1750 the plan was changed to 16 farm sites to 75 acres, and 8 small hosts were added. To make the plan a reality, more land at Dustern Lake should be cleared. In 1751 this plan was changed again. Only 10 hereditary interest farmers with 3 hooves each (90 acres) and 15 acres of meadow were assigned. In addition, there should be a schoolmaster with 15 acres, 1 half- acre with 8 acres, 2 Büdner with 3 acres each and 8 Büdner with 2 acres of land each. The houses of 6 families from Mecklenburg were already finished at the end of 1751, 4 houses were still under construction. In 1755 there were 10 hereditary interest farmers (including Schulze ) with three hooves each and 15 acres of meadows and 3 acres of farmland and garden land living in the new colonist village . Schulze had received 18 acres of meadow. In addition, a half-kossat lived in the new village with 8 acres of fields and 6 acres of meadow as well as 18 Büdners (1 Büdner had 3 acres, 10 Büdner had 2 acres of fields and 2 acres of meadows). The former Vorwerk buildings were in disrepair, the schoolmaster lived in one house, and another 6 couples and two single residents lived in the building. In 1773 a blacksmith had settled in the village. In 1775 55 fireplaces were already counted. A jug was mentioned for the first time in 1790. In 1791 the population of the colonist village was described as follows: 10 hereditary interest farmers with 90 acres of fields and 15 acres of meadow each, 1 half-dwelling with 8 acres of arable land, 6 acres of meadow and 3 acres of farmland and arable land, 18 Büdner with 1 acre of house and garden land each and 2 acres of meadow and 13 individual residents who earned their bread as workers, carters, day laborers and as Kruger. There was a blacksmith or a blacksmith's shop in the village. The prayer and school house built before 1775 was under one roof. In 1790 228 people lived in Grunwalde. In 1831 the village and the prayer hall burned down. In 1840, 38 new houses were built. In 1860 there were 3 public buildings, 41 residential buildings and 70 farm buildings in the village, including a grain (wind) mill. The windmill stood in the fields about 200 m northeast of the town center (street crossing). In 1861, agriculture as the main source of income had faded into the background. At that time there were 20 shipowners who owned 20 sailing ships in the village. The home port of the Grunewald boatmen was the river port in Zehdenick, 10 km away. Mainly wood, coal and grain were transported on the Havel , a little later with the boom of the Zehdenick brickworks also bricks. In addition to the boatmen, there were 2 linen weavers with three chairs in the village in 1861, a miller, a baker, a bricklayer, a blacksmith, a wheelwright, a ship's carpenter, a shoemaker, 2 tailors and 2 dressmakers (!), 2 joiners, 1 cooper and a jug. In 1868 Lehnschulze Schneider became the deputy fire extinguishing commissarius for III. District of the Templin district elected.

In 1900 there were 64 houses in the village. In 1907 there were as many as 63 shipowners in the village. In addition to numerous craftsmen and service providers, there was also a pantry maker .

Inland navigation was so important for the place that in 1912 a technical school for young boatmen was set up over the winter months. Very progressive, the local teacher founded the “Grunewald Youth Club” in 1913 to look after the young people. In 1929, part of the Reiersdorf Forst estate with the Dusterlake forester's house was added to the district. In 1931 the place had grown to 73 houses. After the Second World War , 354 hectares were expropriated with the land reform of 1948 and 53 hectares of this to 14 landless (new) farmers, 186 hectares to 46 poor farmers, 33 hectares to non-agricultural workers and employees, 31.5 hectares to 7 old farmers and 50 hectares distributed to the community. The first Type I agricultural production cooperative was founded as early as 1960 with 60 members and 295 hectares of agricultural land. It was connected to the LPG Type III in Storkow in 1967 . In 1953, a branch line was built from the Löwenberg – Prenzlau railway line from Vogelsang to the Groß Dölln military airfield , which led past the town center to the south. Today it is closed and mostly dismantled.

Development from 1755 to 2002

year	Residents
1755	167
1774	251
1790	228
1801	222
1817	306
1840	546
1858	601
1895	565
1925	635
1939	514
1946	590
1964	356
1971	323
1981	267
1991	249
2002	239

Political history

When the fence was placed, the Vorwerk and the colony, Grunewald belonged to the Zehdenick office . The area of ​​the Reiersdorfer Forst came to the Zehdenick Office via the Zehdenick Monastery, which was secularized in 1541 . With the district reform of 1872, the fiscal domain offices were dissolved and their tasks were transferred to the districts. Grunewald was an independent rural community. In 1929, with the dissolution of the manor districts, parts of the manor district Reiersdorfer Forst were incorporated into the community, such as the Dusterlake and forester's house (or forestry) Dusterlake. After the political change in what was then the GDR , Grunewald merged with 13 other municipalities to form an administrative community, the Templin-Land Office . In 2003, Grunewald was incorporated into the city of Templin by law and has been part of the city of Templin ever since.

The former municipality of Grunewald belongs to the historical landscape of the Uckermark and the Uckermark district . In the Prussian district reform of 1816/17 this was divided into the three districts of Templin , Angermünde and Prenzlau . During the district reform of 1952 in the former GDR, the old Templin district was divided into the two new Gransee and Templin districts (with a new layout). Grunewald was assigned to the new district of Templin ( district of Neubrandenburg ) (from 1990 district of Templin ). In the district reform of 1993, the three districts of Angermünde , Prenzlau and Templin were combined to form the district of Uckermark.

Church history

At the beginning, Grunewald went to Gross Dölln. In 1775, when the school and prayer hall were built, it became a daughter church of Groß Dölln. The patronage rights were initially exercised by the Zehdenick office and later by the tax authorities. Since 1910, Grunewald was a daughter church of Kurtschlag . Today Grunewald belongs to the parish of Hammelspring ( Evangelical Church District Oberes Havelland ). Until 2008 it belonged to the parish of Groß Dölln; This year the parish districts Groß Dölln, Hammelspring and Vietmannsdorf were merged to form the new parish district Hammelspring.

Sights and leisure

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg for the district of Uckermark does not contain any architectural or ground monuments. Interesting is the prayer room from 1836, more like a semi-detached house with a wooden belfry in front of it. The former school, today a very stylishly reconstructed wooden house, is now used by the local authority. In the middle of the village is the memorial for the fallen of the First World War , which was erected in 1920. In 1945 it was removed and hidden. In 1990 it was put up again and a plaque for the fallen and missing of the Second World War was added.

The Storkow-Grunewald cycle and hiking trail runs through Grunewald and is marked with a yellow dot.

Personalities

• Dorothea Binz (1920-1947), superintendent in the Ravensbrück concentration camp ; born in the development of Düsterlake

literature

• Erwin Buchholz: The former large game fence from the Havel to the Oder: from the history of the Schorfheide. Journal of Forestry and Hunting, 1937 (1): 24-47, Berlin, 1937.
• Lieselott Enders : Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, Part VIII, Uckermark . 792 pp., Weimar 1986, ISBN 3-7400-0042-2 .
• Fritz Röhnisch: The large wild fence and the settlement of the Schorfheide. Templin district calendar, homeland yearbook for 1992: 50-52, Templin 1991.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin, 7th issue of February 14, 1868, p. 53 Online at Google Books
2. ↑ Bernd Kuhlmann: Deutsche Reichsbahn secret: poison trains, military transports, secret projects. 167 S., GeraMond, Munich, 2007 ISBN 978-3-7654-7082-0
3. ↑ Enders, Historisches Ortslexikon, pp. 382–384.
4. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 7.15 pm District Uckermark PDF
5. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. Uckermark district. Status: December 31, 2011 PDF ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Web links

• History of the district of Grunewald
• Templin districts: Grunewald on templin-info.de
• Templin districts: From the Grunewald chronicle
• Contribution to the RBB program Landschleicher on August 2, 2009