Çeşme

	Çeşme
	; Çeşme district of Ovacık
Basic data
Province (il) :	Izmir
Coordinates :	38 ° 19 ′ N , 26 ° 18 ′ E Coordinates: 38 ° 19 ′ 12 ″ N , 26 ° 18 ′ 19 ″ E
Height :	10 m
Residents :	41,278 (2017)
Telephone code :	(+90)
Postal code :	35 930
License plate :	35
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Mayor :	Ekrem Oran ( CHP )
Website:	www.cesme.bel.tr
Çeşme County
Area:	257 km²
Kaymakam :	Mustafa Erkayıran
Website (Kaymakam):	www.cesme.gov.tr

Çeşme [ ˈtʃɛʃmɛ ] ( Greek Κρήνη Kríni ( f. Sg. ), German formerly Tschesme or Tscheschme ) is a Turkish resort with 41,278 inhabitants, about 80 kilometers west of Izmir , and at the same time a district of the province of Izmir . After a regional reform, the city is identical in terms of population and area to the district. The name Çeşme ( Turkish for "fountain") is derived from the large number of them.

history

As the excavations at the archaeological site of Çeşme Bağlararasi , which has been systematically explored since 2009 , about 200 meters east of the port, showed that there was already a settlement on the soil of today's city in prehistoric times, whose beginnings at least until the middle of the 3rd millennium BC . Go back BC. The early Bronze Age settlement of the 3rd millennium produced finds typical of western Anatolian for that time. After the place had been uninhabited for a long time, arose in the 2nd millennium BC. BC a new settlement that maintained intensive trade relations with the Minoan culture of Crete and was an important trading port, as many Minoan finds prove, among other things. This settlement existed until the 3rd quarter of the 2nd millennium BC. Chr.

The place became historically significant in modern times through the naval battle of Çeşme from July 5th to 7th, 1770, in which the Ottoman fleet was destroyed by the Russian fleet . This event was painted by Jakob Philipp Hackert on behalf of Tsarina Katharina II . However, since he had not experienced a sea battle, an old frigate was selected for Hackert, who lived in Italy, and was blown up there so that he could get an impression of it. This was possible because the Russian fleet was just there. This event was spectacular. The cycle of the naval battle came to the satisfaction of the Tsarina Hackert. At the same time, Hackert's depiction of the burning Turkish frigate was criticized by contemporaries because it was incorrectly portrayed. The Russian Ivan Aivazovsky also painted this sea battle.

After Çeşme, in honor of the battle in the middle of the 19th century, a Cossack settlement east of the Urals was named in the customary form of name in Russian , today's Rajon administrative center of Tschesma in Chelyabinsk Oblast .

The Chios earthquake in 1881 killed around 50 people in the city. Around 1,000 houses in the city were destroyed and another 1,600 damaged.

Economy and Infrastructure

Many Turks from Izmir and Istanbul have holiday homes in Çeşme and spend their weekends and a large part of the summer months there. Since the construction of the motorway from Izmir to Çeşme ( O-32 ), travel times have been reduced considerably. Çeşme has developed into one of the most popular holiday resorts, especially for locals and Turks abroad, since the turn of the millennium and is considered to be very exclusive.

and display information about the image

Çeşme panorama

Web links

Commons : Çeşme - collection of images, videos and audio files

Page about Çeşme at alaturka.info

Individual evidence

↑ Nufusu.com , accessed on 17 October 2018
↑ On the previous results of the ongoing excavations see Vasıf Sahoglu, Ümit Çayır, Ümit Gündoğan, İrfan Tuğcu: Çeşme Bağlararasi. Batı Anadolu Sahil Kesiminde Bir Tunç Çağı Yerleşimi. Anadolou 44, 2018 pp. 371–389. online as PDF at Academia.edu (Turkish with English summary)
↑ Jakob Philipp Hackert: Sinking of the Turkish fleet in the battle of Tschesme (St. Petersburg, Ermitage)
↑ Y. Altinok, B. Alpar, N. Özer, C. Gazioglu: 1881 and 1949 earthquakes at the Chios-Cesme Strait (Aegean Sea) and Their relation to tsunamis. In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. Volume 5. 2005, p. 722, digital version (PDF; 1.26 MB) on archives-ouvertes.fr (English).

[Infobox_Ort_in_der_Türkei.EinwohnerOrt-1] Nufusu.com , accessed on 17 October 2018

[2] On the previous results of the ongoing excavations see Vasıf Sahoglu, Ümit Çayır, Ümit Gündoğan, İrfan Tuğcu: Çeşme Bağlararasi. Batı Anadolu Sahil Kesiminde Bir Tunç Çağı Yerleşimi. Anadolou 44, 2018 pp. 371–389. online as PDF at Academia.edu (Turkish with English summary)

[3] Jakob Philipp Hackert: Sinking of the Turkish fleet in the battle of Tschesme (St. Petersburg, Ermitage)

[4] Y. Altinok, B. Alpar, N. Özer, C. Gazioglu: 1881 and 1949 earthquakes at the Chios-Cesme Strait (Aegean Sea) and Their relation to tsunamis. In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. Volume 5. 2005, p. 722, digital version (PDF; 1.26 MB) on archives-ouvertes.fr (English).