Common star hyacinth
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Common star hyacinth ( Chionodoxa luciliae ) |
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The common star hyacinth ( Chionodoxa luciliae ), also known as snow shine or common snow pride, is a species of the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). It originally comes from the Boz-Dağ Mountains in western Turkey. It is used as an ornamental plant in the temperate zones . In Germany she is considered to be a naturalized neophyte .
description
Appearance and leaves
The common star hyacinth grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches stature heights of usually 3 to 10, rarely up to 32 cm, centimeters. She is a geophyte . Its underground survival organ is an egg-shaped onion, wrapped in a dark brown tunic, 12 to 25 millimeters long and 10 to 18 millimeters wide. The plant has two to four basal leaves . The broadly linear , often slightly bent back leaf blade is about 7 to 20 centimeters long and 4 to 16 millimeters wide.
Inflorescences and flowers
The common star hyacinth blooms in spring, from March to April. There are usually one, rarely up to four flowers on an inflorescence stem . They stand on an upright flower stalk that is shorter or as long as the flower envelope . The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. The six bracts are fused at the base to form a 2 to 6 millimeter long perigone tube, their free part measures 12 to 22 millimeters. The three inner bracts are wider than the outer, have an irregular shape and a wrinkled appearance. The border between the washed-out white color of the base of the bracts, which forms the “eye” of the flower, and the light blue-violet color of their upper part is blurred. The common star hyacinth has two circles with three stamens each with white stamens and yellow anthers . The stylus is 0.7 to 1.5 millimeters long.
Fruits and seeds
With a diameter of 4 to 6 millimeters, the capsule fruits contain rounded to elliptical seeds with a white elaiosome .
Chromosome number
The common star hyacinth is diploid with a chromosome number of 2n = 18.
Flower ecology
The common star hyacinth corresponds to the flower type of the disc flower . The nectaries are hidden at the base of the stamens. Typical pollinators are bees , bumblebees , wasps , wool floats and hover flies .
Occurrence
The common star hyacinth is only known from the Boz Dağ ( Tmolos Mountains) in the western Anatolian province of Manisa . It grows at altitudes between 1600 and 2000 meters and blooms immediately after the snow melts.
The occurrences in the moderate latitudes , for example in Central Europe or in North America, go back to overgrown ornamental plants . The common star hyacinth is therefore a stinzen plant in these regions and can be found in parks and forest-like areas near its original planting locations. In Germany, it is classified as a neophyte being naturalized .
Systematics
The first description of Chionodoxa luciliae was in 1844 by Pierre Edmond Boissier . Boissier honored his wife Lucile with the specific epithet . Synonyms are Scilla luciliae (Boiss.) Speta and Chionodoxa gigantea Whittall .
swell
- Common star hyacinth. In: FloraWeb.de.
- John McNeill: Chionodoxa . In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 (English). ( Chionodoxa luciliae online)
- Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 , p. 223 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Franz Speta: About Chionodoxa Boiss., Their structure and affiliation with Scilla L. In: Naturkundliches Jahrbuch der Stadt Linz. Volume 21, 1976, pp. 9-79 ( PDF (12.1 MB) on ZOBODAT ).
- ↑ a b c d John McNeill: Chionodoxa . In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 , pp. 315 (English). ( Chionodoxa luciliae online)
- ↑ a b Common star hyacinth . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- ↑ a b Pierre Edmond Boissier: Diagnoses plantarum orientalium novarum. Ser. 1 (5), 1844, Leipzig, pp. 61-62. Preview in Google Book Search
- ^ RD Meikle: Chionodoxa . In: Peter Hadland Davis (Ed.): Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8 (Butomaceae to Typhaceae) . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1984, ISBN 0-85224-494-0 , pp. 224-226 .
- ↑ Chionodoxa luciliae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
