Christian Daniel von Finckh
Christian Daniel von Finckh (born September 9, 1766 in Zeven , † April 10, 1813 in Bremen ) from the noble family of those von Finckh was an official of the Duchy of Oldenburg , who gained special importance due to his execution by the Napoleonic occupying forces.
Life
Von Finckh was the son of pastor Georg Clemens von Finckh (1726–1802) and Lucie Christine geb. Schnedermann (1735–1780) and grandson of Georg Clemens von Finckh (1687–1756). He put the Abitur at the high school in Stade , and then studied at the Universities of Goettingen and Rostock law . In 1787 he settled in Stade as a lawyer and procurator and in 1796 became the town's syndic. From 1799 he was the first civil servant ( Obervoigt ) in the state of Wursten . In 1806 he followed a call in Oldenburg services and became bailiff in Ovelgönne with the title of chancellery. After the French occupation of the duchy, he was relieved of his office and, in 1810, when the French department of the Weser estuary was established, he was appointed tribunal judge of the district of Oldenburg .
When General Friedrich Karl von Tettenborn advanced with Russian troops against Hamburg at the beginning of 1813 , uprisings and unrest against the French occupation ensued throughout north-western Germany, including on March 17th in Oldenburg . On March 19, the French sub-prefect Frochot left Oldenburg and left the provisional government of the duchy to a commission of five local officials, including von Finckh and Albrecht Ludwig von Berger . They wrote a proclamation to ensure peace among the people, as riots had already broken out against gendarmes and Napoleonic symbols were deliberately destroyed. In addition, Finckh and Berger probably also hoped that their activities would lead to the legitimate rule of the expelled duke in their eyes. National motives probably played no role for them, only later were they idealized as "martyrs of Teutscher Freiheit". The commission was only in office for four days and the French occupiers, on their return, interpreted the request as a call for insurrection. The commission was dissolved on March 23, 1813 and all members arrested on April 4 and brought before a court-martial in Bremen on April 9 at the instigation of General Vandamme, who was known for bloody reprisals . From Finck and Berger were sentenced to death and on 10 April 1813 shot . The rest of the commissioners got away with prison terms.
In 1814, the Duke of Oldenburg, Peter Friedrich Ludwig , who had returned to Oldenburg from exile, had the trial repeated and the two executed people declared innocent. He also took care of the education of Finckh's children and continued to have the bodies of the two men transferred to Oldenburg and buried near the ducal mausoleum in the Gertrudenfriedhof . In 1824 a memorial was erected there.
family
On June 20, 1800 Finckh married Sophie Elisabeth Friederike Süllow (1776–1815) in Hamburg . The couple's three sons later took up positions in the Oldenburg administration with the support of the Grand Duke:
- Georg Ernst (1803–1889) became President of the Upper Court in Oldenburg.
- Alexander Christian (1806–1888) was the district president of the Principality of Birkenfeld from 1853 to 1881 .
- Johann Daniel (1807–1867) was also President of the Higher Court and President of the Oldenburg State Parliament.
Finckh's daughter Charlotte Ernestine von Finckh (1809–1899) married the later Oldenburg Chamber Director Johann Wilhelm Detlev Georg (1779–1840) on May 27, 1838 .
Finckh's grandson Eugen (1860–1930) was Prime Minister of the Free State of Oldenburg from 1923 to 1930 .
Commemoration
In memory of von Finckh and von Berger, the city of Oldenburg named two parallel streets running off Alexanderstraße after the two politicians.
literature
- Finckh, Christian Daniel from. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 184-185. ( online ).
- Johann Friedrich Gildemeister : Finckhs and Bergers murder . Bremen (1814)
- Without author: In memory of the Canzleyräthe Christian Daniel von Finckh and Albrecht Ludwig von Berger in a short description of the French tyranny in the Duchy of Oldenburg . Bremen (1825)
- Karl Ernst Hermann Krause : Finckh, Christian Daniel v. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, p. 14.
- Carl Haase : Finckh Christian Daniel von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1961, ISBN 3-428-00186-9 , p. 155 ( digitized version ).
Web link
- 1813: Albrecht Ludwig von Berger and Christian Daniel von Finckh, Oldenburgers , executedtoday.com April 10, 2014
Individual evidence
- ↑ See the entry of Christian Daniel von Finckh's matriculation in the Rostock matriculation portal .
- ^ Albrecht Eckhardt, Heinrich Schmidt (ed.): History of the Oldenburger Land . Heinz Holzberg Verlag, Oldenburg 1987, p. 290.
- ^ Hermann Lübbing : Oldenburg . Heinz Holzberg Verlag, Oldenburg 1975, p. 55.
- ^ Biography of Georg, Johann Wilhelm Detlev In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg. Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 229-230 ( online ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Finckh, Christian Daniel from |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German tribunal judge in the district of Oldenburg |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 9, 1766 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Zeven |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 10, 1813 |
| Place of death | Bremen |