Clan Maxwell

Clan Maxwell kin
	Adair, Blackstock, Dinwiddie, Dinwoddie, Dinwoodie, Dunwoodie, Edgar, Egarr, Halldykes, Herries, Kirk, Kirkdale, Kirkhaugh, Kirkland, Kirko, Latimer, Latimore, Macetterick, Macettrick, Macgetrick, Macgettrich, Macgettrick, Macghittich, Machethrick, Macittrick Mackethrick, Macketterick, Mackitterick, Mackittrick, Macsata, Macsetree, Maxey, Maxon, Maxton, Monreith, Moss, Nithdale, Paulk, Peacock, Poak, Pogue, Poke, Polk, Pollock, Pollok, Sturgeon and Wardlaw

Chief
	Clan Maxwell has no clan chief and is an armigerous clan
Historic seat	Caerlaverock Castle

Clan Maxwell
coat of arms
	Coat of arms : ancestral coat of arms of the Clan Maxwell
	Motto : REVIRESCO ( "I grow strong again")
portrait
region	Central Lowlands
district	Dumfries

Clan branches
Maxwell of Cardoness, Maxwell of Monreith, Maxwell of Sprinkel, Maxwell of Pollock

Clan Maxwell tartan

Maxwell is the name of a Scottish clan that originated in the area of the traditional Scottish Borders . As a clan he is recognized by the Lord Lyon King of Arms ; has no chief today and is therefore counted among the Armigerous Clans .

history

The Maxwell clan traces its ancestry back to "Maccus". This was a son of Undwin, who in turn was probably one of the Norman conquerors of the 11th century. From approx. 1150 they were settled with properties around Melrose in the area of the eastern Scottish Borders, but already before 1300 they settled in the west in the area of their later ancestral castle. The original area of the Maccus was named Maccuswell; this is said to have meant "The little pond of Maccus in the river Tweed".

John de Maccuswell († 1241), was the grandson of Maccus and the first Maxwell of Caerlaverock to be counted. He had the Caerlaverock First Castle built around 1220 , after which his nephew Herbert built the Caerlaverock New Castle around 1270.

As a result, the lords of "Maxwell, Caerlaverock and Mearns" became a politically powerful and locally influential family. They provided the sherrifs in their region, were "Warden of the Marches" and were even appointed twice to the office of Chamberlain of Scotland . The different branches of the family stayed close together, so that second generation marriages between the different branches of the family were not uncommon.

Herbert Maxwell was raised to Lord Maxwell in 1445 , he and his line of descendants continued this title. 1581 followed for John Maxwell, 7th Lord Maxwell, the appointment as Earl of Morton ; due to a formal error, this title had to be renamed in 1620 for his son Robert in Earl of Nithsdale .

Because of participation in the First Jacobite Rising , William Maxwell, 5th Earl of Nithsdale, 13th Lord Maxwell, 9th Lord Herries of Terregles in 1716 all titles were revoked. Only William Constable-Maxwell, his great-grandson, was able to regain at least the title of Lord Herries of Terregles in 1746. In 1918 this title fell to the Dukes of Norfolk , was worn by Anne Cowdrey until her death on November 25, 2014 and now passed on to her younger sister Lady Mary Katherine Mumford (* 1940). The other two titles have not been awarded since 1716.

The honorary title of clan chief was passed down through a branch of the family; the last Chief William Maxwell of Carruchan recognized by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, died in 1863.

Tribe list

Nobility title

Members of the clan held or have the following titles of nobility:

Peerage of Scotland

Lord Maxwell (July 3, 1445)
Lord Herries of Terregles (February 3, 1490)
Earl of Morton and Lord Carlyle and Eskdaill (October 29, 1581)
Earl of Nithsdale and Lord Maxwell, Eskdale and Carleill (August 29, 1620)

Peerage of Ireland

Baron Farnham (May 6, 1756)
Viscount Farnham (September 10, 1760)
Viscount Farnham (January 10, 1781)
Earl of Farnham (May 13, 1763)
Earl of Farnham (June 22, 1785)

Baronetage of Nova Scotia

Maxwell Baronet, of Calderwood in the County of Lanark (March 28, 1627)
Maxwell Baronet, of Pollok in the County of Renfrew (November 25, 1630)
Maxwell Baronet, of Orchardtoun in the County of Kirkcudbright (June 30, 1663)
Maxwell Baronet, of Monreith in the County of Wigtown (January 8, 1681)
Maxwell Baronet, of Pollok in the County of Renfrew (April 12, 1682)
Maxwell Baronet, of Springkell in the County of Dumfries (February 7, 1683)

Baronetage of the United Kingdom

Maxwell Baronet, of Cardoness in the County of Kirkcudbright (June 9, 1804)

Clan castles

Caerlaverock Castle , historic seat of the chief of Clan Maxwell.
Threave Castle , owned by Clan Maxwell between 1526 and 1640.
Maxwell Castle. Erected in 1545 and destroyed by English troops in 1570.
Newark Castle, Port Glasgow , built by members of Clan Maxwell in the 15th century.
Haggs Castle , owned by Clan Maxwell between 1585 and 1972.
Pollock House , until 1966 the seat of the "Maxwell Baronets of Pollok". Of international interest, as the Burrell Collection can be found there today.

literature

Doreen Grove: Caerlaverock Castle . Historic Scotland, Edinburgh 1994, reprinted 1997. ISBN 0748008519 .
Charles Mosley: Burke's Peerage and Baronetage . Burke's Peerage, London, 2012.
David C. Herries: Maxwell, Earl of Nithdale . In: James Balfour Paul (Ed.): The Scots Peerage . tape 6 : Marchmont-Oxfuird . David Douglas, Edinburgh 1909, p. 469–492 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
George Way, Romilly Squire and others: Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia . Barnes & Noble Books, New York 1998, ISBN 0-7607-1120-8 .