Claudia Märtl

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Claudia Märtl (born July 3, 1954 in Amberg ) is a German historian specializing in the late Middle Ages . From 1995 to 2001 she was Professor of Medieval History at the TU Braunschweig . From the winter semester 2001/2002 to 2020 she taught as a professor for medieval history with a focus on the late Middle Ages at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . From April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2014 she was President of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH).

Life

After graduating from high school in 1974, Märtl studied history, English and Romance studies at the University of Regensburg and graduated there in 1980 with the first state examination. In 1984 she received her doctorate on false investiture privileges with Horst Fuhrmann , professor and president of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica (MGH). From 1988 to 1994 she worked for MGH. In 1994 he received his habilitation on the life and work of Cardinal Jean Jouffroy . Since 1995 Märtl has been professor for medieval history at the TU Braunschweig. In 2001 she accepted a professorship for Medieval History with a focus on the Late Middle Ages at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU). She has been retired since April 1, 2020. As an academic teacher, she supervised 16 dissertations. Six more of her supervised dissertations are in active preparation. The Marburg professor Georg Strack is one of her academic students .

In March 2011 she was elected President of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica to succeed Rudolf Schieffer . She took office on April 1, 2012 for a limited period of two years. Märtl was the first person in the history of the MGH presidents to take up official business for a limited period only. Her permanent appointment as President was postponed with reference to the state elections in autumn 2013. The further negotiations remained without a satisfactory result. On March 31, 2014, she resigned as president in protest against austerity measures by the Free State of Bavaria and reform demands from the State Ministry for Education, Culture, Science and Art, which had been taken over by Ludwig Spaenle (CSU) . During her presidency, Märtl remained on her chair at the University of Munich and was supported by Martin Wagendorfer as a substitute professor. Märtl has been co-editor of the German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages since the publication of issue 69/1 (2013) . The theologian and professor of Latin philology of the Middle Ages Marc-Aeilko Aris continued her office as a provisional deputy for four years. Her successor is the Schieffer student Martina Hartmann .

Research priorities

Märtl's main research interests are late medieval historiography, the history of humanism, the social history of the late medieval curia and the development of the legation system in Italy. Her research focus was at the beginning of her scientific career in the early and high Middle Ages and increasingly shifted to the late Middle Ages. In 1986 it presented an edition of the “so-called false investiture privileges”. This includes an alleged document from Pope Hadrian I for Charlemagne (Hadrianum) and three texts ascribed to Leo VIII . The false investiture privileges were intended to give the impression that the popes had granted Charlemagne and Otto I extensive rights in the appointment of bishops and abbots. Märtl specifies the time when the investiture privileges came into being “a period from the mid-eighties of the 11th century to the first years of the 12th century”. According to Märtl, these privileges arose “in an effort to find express sanctions from the clergy for a customary law.” The false privileges were written with the aim of “strengthening imperial power”. With her habilitation thesis she presented a biography of Jean Jouffroy, a church prince of the late Middle Ages. Jean Jouffroy has not been the subject of a biography since Charles Fierville's apologetic work in 1874. In her work, Märtl made extensive use of unprinted sources, mainly from Italian and French archives. She stated that Jouffroy “as pastor of the dioceses of Arras and Albi corresponded to the average of the bishops of his time”.

Märtl often treated the medieval intellectual life, especially the monastic life in Regensburg. Märtl published numerous individual studies on everyday life in the late Middle Ages, especially in Rome. She treated the animals at the papal court, women around the Curia or the humanistic culinary arts and eating habits of the Curia. From 2004 to 2011 she supervised the partial research project Authority and Political Contingency at the Curia of the 15th Century of the Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 573 Pluralization and Authority in the Early Modern Age (15th – 17th Century) at the University of Munich ; She is also the spokesperson for the Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies at the LMU. In recent years, Märtl's research has focused primarily on the work and the person of Enea Silvio Piccolomini, who later became Pope Pius II. She dealt in detail with his relationship with Germany and especially Bavaria. She examined his numerous works, such as the Commentari , the Pentalogus , the cosmographic treatises ( De Asia , De Europa ), De viris illustribus and Dicta et facta Alphonis . Märtl made previously unpublished parts of the "probably oldest attempt (s) of a curial budget" known to the professional world and discussed the "handling of Pius II with money" on a broad source basis. With her presentation of the 101 most important questions , she attempted to open up the Middle Ages to a wider audience.

Märtl is a widely honored scientist because of her research. She was a member of the advisory board of the German Historical Institute in Rome (2004–2012) and a member of the board of trustees of the Historical College (2002–2012) in Munich. Märtl was elected to the central management of the MGH in 2010 as the second woman ever. She has been a full member of the Historical Commission of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences since 2013 . Since 2006 she has been a full member of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . She is also a member of the Braunschweig Scientific Society . In 2014 she became a corresponding member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences . Also in 2014 she was admitted to the British Academy . She is a member of the DFG Review Board for History and a member of the German Study Center in Venice . Märtl is the recipient of the Cross of Merit on Ribbon of the Federal Republic of Germany . On the occasion of her 60th birthday, a colloquium was held in the Kaulbach Villa in July 2014 on popes, cardinals and the curia in the late Middle Ages.

Fonts (selection)

Monographs

  • The wrong investiture privileges. (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Leges. Fontes iuris Germanici antiqui in usum scholarum separately in the editi. Volume 13). Hahn, Hannover 1986, ISBN 3-7752-5150-2 . (At the same time: University of Regensburg, dissertation, 1984: The false investiture privileges (so-called Ravennater forgeries). ).
  • Cardinal Jean Jouffroy († 1473). Life and work. (= Contributions to the history and source studies of the Middle Ages. Volume 18). Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1996, ISBN 3-7995-5718-0 (also: University of Regensburg, habilitation thesis, 1993/94).
  • Fourteen years in the life of the city of Braunschweig. (= Quaestiones Brunsvicenses. Volume 8/10, ZDB -ID 1118773-6 ). City archive, Braunschweig 1998.
  • The 101 most important questions - Middle Ages. (= Beck series. Volume 1685). Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-54102-X .

Editorships

  • with Jörg Leuschner , Karl Heinrich Kaufhold : The economic and social history of the Braunschweigisches Land from the Middle Ages to the present. Volume 1: Middle Ages. Volume 2: Early Modern Era. Volume 3: Modern Times. Olms, Hildesheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-487-13599-1 .
  • with Peter Schreiner : Jakob Philipp Fallmerayer (1790–1861). The scholar and his topicality in the 21st century. Conference of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and the Commission for Interdisciplinary Research on Southeast Europe of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen (Munich, June 6, 2011). (= Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Philosophical-Historical Class, Treatises. New Series, Issue 139). Publishing house of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Munich 2013, ISBN 3-7696-0127-0 .

literature

  • Without author: Appreciation of the new members: Claudia Märtl. In: Bavarian Academy of Sciences: Yearbook 2006 , Munich 2007, p. 139 f.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Doctorate and habilitation at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich
  2. ↑ Enno Bünz: The Monumenta Germaniae Historica 1819-2019. A historical summary. In: Making the Middle Ages legible: Festschrift 200 years of Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Basics, research, the Middle Ages. Published by the Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Wiesbaden 2019, pp. 15–36, here: p. 33.
  3. ↑ Heribert Prantl : A monument wavers. The "Monumenta Germaniae Historica" ​​are the memory of core Europe. Bavaria sinned against it. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , No. 69 of March 24, 2014, p. 9 ( online ); Claudia Märtl: Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Report for the year 2013/14. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 70 (2014), pp. I – XVIII ( online ).
  4. ↑ Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Report on the year 2012/13. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 69 (2013), pp. I – XVIII, here: p. I ( online ).
  5. ↑ See the review by Theo Kölzer in: Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte , Canonical Department 74 (1988), pp. 585-587.
  6. ^ Claudia Märtl: The wrong investiture privileges. Hanover 1986, p. 76.
  7. ^ Claudia Märtl: The wrong investiture privileges. Hanover 1986, p. 74.
  8. ^ Claudia Märtl: The wrong investiture privileges. Hanover 1986, p. 95.
  9. ↑ See the discussions by Christof Ohnesorge in: Francia 25/1 (1998), p. 391 ( online ); Heribert Müller in: Journal for historical research 25 (1998), pp. 297-300; Malte Prietzel in: Historische Zeitschrift 265 (1997), pp. 200–201; Götz-Rüdiger Tewes in: Sources and research from Italian archives and libraries 78 (1998), pp. 648–649 ( online ); Tony Antonovics in: The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 50 (1999), pp. 153-154; Charles L. Stinger in: Catholic Historical Review 84 (1998), pp. 95-96; Étienne Champion in: Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes 157 (1999), pp. 283-284; Alfred A. Strnad in: Innsbrucker Historische Studien 20–21 (1999), pp. 454–456; Ann W. Ramsey in: Renaissance Quarterly 56 (2003), pp. 509-510.
  10. ^ Claudia Märtl: Cardinal Jean Jouffroy († 1473). Life and work. Sigmaringen 1996, p. 283.
  11. ↑ Claudia Märtl: Of mice and elephants. Animals at the Papal Court in the 15th century. In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages 60 (2004), pp. 183–199 ( online ).
  12. ↑ Claudia Märtl: Le papesse. Women within the Roman Curia after the mid-15th century. In: Jan Hirschbiegel , Werner Paravicini (Ed.): Das Frauenzimmer. The woman at court in the late Middle Ages and early modern times. 6th Symposium of the Residences Commission of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen. Sigmaringen 2000, pp. 411-428.
  13. ^ Claudia Märtl: Humanistic culinary art and curial eating habits around the middle of the 15th century. In: Rule and Church in the Middle Ages. Memorial symposium on the first anniversary of Norbert Kamp's death, * August 24th, 1927, † October 12th, 1999, on October 13th, 2000 in Braunschweig , ed. in collaboration between the Braunschweig Scientific Society and the Technical University Carolo-Wilhelmina in Braunschweig, Braunschweig 2001, pp. 47–70.
  14. ↑ Claudia Märtl: Liberalitas Baioarica. Enea Silvio Piccolomini and Bavaria. In: Heinz Dopsch , Stephan Freund , Alois Schmid (eds.): Bavaria and Italy. Politics, culture, communication (8th – 15th centuries). Festschrift for Kurt Reindel on his 75th birthday. Munich 2001, pp. 237-260.
  15. ^ The quotations Claudia Märtl: The Pope and money. On curial accounting under Pius II. (1458–1464). In: Brigitte Flug, Michael Matheus and Andreas Rehberg (eds.): Curia and region. Festschrift for Brigide Schwarz on her 65th birthday. Stuttgart 2005, pp. 175–195, here: pp. 180 and 195.
  16. ↑ Martina Hartmann: From the imperial capital to the 'island of the blessed'. The MGH employees in Berlin and Pommersfelden 1943–1945. In: Zeitschrift für Bayerische Landesgeschichte 77 (2014), pp. 27–41, here: p. 39.
personal data
SURNAME Märtl, Claudia
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd July 1954
PLACE OF BIRTH On the mountain