Cornelius von Rüxleben

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Cornelius von Rüxleben (* around 1525 in Auleben ; † November 12, 1590 in Leipzig ) was a Saxon forest and land hunter master.

Life

Ascent

Cornelius von Rüxleben was born around 1525 on the Rüxleben estate in Auleben as the seventh son of Hans Caspar von Rüxleben . He came from the Thuringian noble family von Rüxleben , which has been traceable in the village of Rüxleben since the 13th century. As a young man he entered the service of the Saxon Duke August , whose friend and favorite he became. After August 1553 had become elector, he appointed Rüxleben in 1554 as hunter master in Zschopau . He was thus in charge of the hunting area around the city and lived in the Jägermeisterhaus at Wildeck Castle , which had served as the seat of the hunting and forestry administration since 1506 and was converted into a hunting lodge under Elector Moritz from 1545 to 1547 .

In 1555 Cornelius von Rüxleben married Martha von Breitenbauch , who gave him six sons (Abraham, Caspar, Cornelius junior, Lorenz, Georg Friedrich, Augustus) and a daughter (Katharina). Soon afterwards his responsibility expanded considerably: in 1559 he was appointed hunter master of the mountainous district - the area stretches from the Elbe to the Vogtland . As such, he was significantly involved in the establishment of the wood regulations in the offices responsible for him in 1560, which were supposed to counteract the disorder that had arisen in the forests. The hunting is a privilege of the sovereign was a top priority at court, offenses such as poaching were punished draconian. In 1560, the elector appointed Rüxleben chief forest and land hunter master and transferred to him - as the first of many gifts - the Porschendorf Vorwerk (manor Schlößchen ), but reserved the right of first refusal for 1000 guilders (three years later he waived this at Rüxleben's request). Cornelius von Rüxleben bought a house on the Zschopau Altmarkt from his predecessor Reinert von Reinsberg in 1561 and had it torn down. In the same year he had the “Edelhaus” (now the New Town Hall) built in its place, although only the original entrance portal has been preserved. In the same year, Elector August converted this into a man's fiefdom, provided it with a beer bar (right to sell beer) and "freed from all civil complaints, obedience and court obligations". A year later, Rüxleben received half of the village of Gelenau with all associated compulsory labor and, in 1564, the Vorwerk fields as "man loan". In November 1566 he had a new altar built in the town church with a portrait of his family. In the following year, the elector Rüxleben donated the village of Krumhermersdorf including the mill tax and fishing rights. Soon he was given even greater responsibility: in 1568 he was appointed hunter master of the Meißnischer Kreis , which stretches from the Elbe Sandstone Mountains to Torgau . For this reason he stayed mainly in Dresden from this time on. In that year construction began on the neighboring Augustusburg . In 1569 he had a bridge built to the Vorwerkfeld over the Zschopau. In 1571 he received the castle garden and the old hunter's yard in the castle as a fief. How important the hunt was for Elector August, shows a case from the year 1575, in which Rüxleben was commissioned to collect a fine of 600 guilders for a game theft in Werdau, which was already 12 years ago.

Decline

Rüxleben's wife Martha died on March 19, 1576. The funeral sermon was given on March 22, 1576 by the pastor and theologian Valentin Weigel , who had been pastor in Zschopau since 1567.

When Rüxleben, under the influence of alcohol, made derogatory comments about the electoral family in a small circle, the Schellenberg forester Paul Gröbel denounced him at the Dresden court. On November 16, 1576, Rüxleben was indicted before the Dresden court and appeal councils for insulting the electoral family. Under torture, he confessed to three charges, had to publicly retract his allegations on December 19, 1576 and "hit himself three times with his own hand on the mouth." Out of favor with the elector (he himself stated that he had Rüxleben apart from the salary of 3,000 Gulden had been gifted with more than 60,000 guilders), Rüxleben was transferred to the Pleißenburg in Leipzig in 1577 as a state prisoner . His fortune was confiscated and his adversary Paul Groebel became his successor. The bridge built at Rüxleben's instigation was demolished in 1578 and rebuilt elsewhere in 1580. The altar in the church met the same fate in 1579. Cornelius von Rüxleben died on November 11 or 12, 1590 after 16 years imprisonment in the Pleißenburg and was buried on November 14, 1590 in the St. John's Church in Leipzig .

His children were considered unworthy and were initially under the tutelage of Duke Friedrich Wilhelm von Sachsen-Weimar and Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg , who had taken over the administration of the electorate after the early death of August's son Christian I in 1591. A few months later, Christian's eldest son, Christian II , became elector at the age of eight. After Rüxleben's death, his three sons tried to get back the mortgage on the confiscated goods, which they did not immediately succeed in due to the changeable conditions in 1591. In the period from 1596 to 1621 they got their property back. The possessions handed over as "Mannlehen" go first to Rüxleben's eldest son Cornelius and then to Ludwig von Breitenbauch. When he died childless, they reverted to Elector Johann Georg I.

In 1883, during construction work on the heating system in Leipzig's Johanniskirche, the body of a man with full, curly brown hair was found wearing the clothes of a country gentleman from the 16th century (with riding boots, leather trousers, colorful borders and a doublet made of brown fabric). Due to the circumstances, it is very likely Cornelius von Rüxleben.

In Zschopau today the Cornelius-von-Rüxleben-Weg leads as a forest path from the Nesselfleck to the Ziegenrück.

literature

  • Reinhold Timme: Cornelius von Rüxleben. In: Heimatklänge, supplement to the weekly newspaper for Zschopau No. 9 of September 27, 1924.
  • Reinhold Timme: Cornelius von Rüxleben. In: Heimatklänge, supplement to the weekly newspaper for Zschopau No. 148 of April 30, 1936, No. 149 of May 31, 1936, No. 150 of June 30, 1936 and No. 151 of July 31, 1936.
  • Bernd Bendix: Rise and Fall of the Saxon Landjägermeister Cornelius von Rüxleben (around 1525–1590) , in: Archive for Family History Research 13 (2009), Issue 4, pp. 2-6. ISSN  1867-5999
  • Local history working group Schlößchen (publisher): A "Schlößchen" in Porschendorf - on the history of the manor Schlößchen near Zschopau. Amtsberg, 2010. DNB 1007827459
  • Britta Günther : Cornelius von Rüxleben and the Porschendorf Vorwerk near Zschopau , in: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter 35 (2013), Issue 4, pp. 27-29. ISSN  0232-6078

Fiction processing

  • Kurt Wieland: Cornelius von Rüxleben, Jägermeister zu Zschopau. A cultural-historical tale from the 16th century. Glückauf-Verlag, Schwarzenberg 1927.
  • Kurt Wieland (with an afterword by Klaus Walther and Andreas Eichler ): Death in father August's dungeon. Cornelius von Rüxleben Jägermeister zu Zschopau. (Edition Kammweg Volume 2) Mironde Verlag, Niederfrohna 2008. ISBN 978-3-937654-29-4

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kurt Scheffler / Olaf Tautenhahn: Holzordnung Schwarzenberg and Crottendorf 1560. (Sources on the local and family history of the Ore Mountains, issue 57) Adam-Ries-Bund, Annaberg-Buchholz 2012. ISBN 978-3-944217-00-0
  2. ↑ Local history work group Schlößchen (ed.): A "Schlößchen" in Porschendorf - on the history of the manor Schlößchen near Zschopau. Amtsberg, 2010. DNB 1007827459 ; Britta Günther: Cornelius von Rüxleben and the Porschendorf Vorwerk near Zschopau , in: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter 35 (2013), Issue 4, pp. 27-29 ISSN  0232-6078
  3. ↑ Vaeltin Weigel: Teaching Sermons: How to be Christian and to die daily in the Lord. About the desire of ... Frawen Marthe born von Breitebachin / Des ... Cornely von Ruxleben / Churfuerstlicher G. zu Sachssen Oberster Jegermeister and zur Tzschopen ehli = che deceased Hausfraw [et] c. 1576 ( digitized version )
  4. ^ Karl von Weber : Anna, Churfürstin zu Sachsen: a life and morals picture from the 16th century. Leipzig 1865, p. 159 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Leipzig history book or Annales, that is: year and day books of the world-famous royal. and churfürstl. Saxon trading city of Leipzig pp., Leipzig 1714, p. 257. ( digitized version )
  6. ^ Kurt Wieland (with afterword by Klaus Walther and Andreas Eichler ): Death in father August's dungeon. Cornelius von Rüxleben Jägermeister zu Zschopau. (Edition Kammweg Volume 2) Mironde Verlag, Niederfrohna 2008, p. 76. ISBN 978-3-937654-29-4
  7. ↑ a b Monument for Cornelius von Rüxleben , in: Wochenblatt für Zschopau and the surrounding area No. 94 from 1883.
personal data
SURNAME Rüxleben, Cornelius von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Saxon Landjägermeister
DATE OF BIRTH 1525
PLACE OF BIRTH Outdoor life
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1590
Place of death Leipzig