Cornelius of the Bush

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Cornelius von dem Busch (* 8 days before Mardi Gras 1616 in Utrecht in the Netherlands ; † June 8, 1657 in Wolfenbüttel ) was Royal Swedish Quartermaster General during the Thirty Years War and then commander of Wolfenbüttel Fortress with the rank of colonel .

Life

Busch studied in the Netherlands initially engineering , mathematics and geometry and reached the Profectum .

In 1638 Busch became a soldier and entered the service of Karl Ludwig's Elector and Count Palatine on the Rhine . During the Swedish-French campaign he was deployed near Arnhem and Geldern and rose to regimental and quartermaster and engineer . When the troops of the Electorate of the Palatinate were defeated in the battle of Vlotho on October 17, 1638 by the Imperial Army , he transferred to Swedish services and also served there as an engineer. In 1640 he was commissioned by Major General Zabeltitz as an engineer to fortify the city of Minden , which was captured by the Swedish troops on April 26, 1640, and the surrounding fortresses.

In 1646 Busch was then quartermaster of the army of General Count Königsmarck in Westphalia and later quartermaster of the troops of General Carl Gustav Wrangel in Bohemia . He was used in the Principality of Paderborn , then in Bavaria and finally, after the Battle of Triebel on September 16, 1647, again in Westphalia. It is documented here for February 3, 1848 that he arranged for Wrangel's mounted regiments in Dringenberg . In 1648 Busch worked for Wrangel on buildings in Bremervörde . Busch later returned to Bavaria with Wrangel's troops and took part in the Battle of Zusmarshausen on May 17, 1648. In April 1649, Busch accompanied Wrangel to the Nuremberg Execution Day , where further negotiations on controversial questions from the Peace of Westphalia took place. There he issued a map that described all the battles of the French , Swedish and Hesse-Kassel troops in Germany from 1631 onwards.

In the middle of 1650 he made proposals from Minden for fortifications for the villages of Vechta and Wildeshausen , which had fallen to the Swedes with the dioceses of Bremen and Verden , but found no approval for his proposals. Presumably for this reason he entered the service of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel in 1650 (on the 8 feast days of St. Michael the Archangel ) . Here he was appointed by his employer August II , Prince of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , to the rank of Colonel in command of the Wolfenbüttel Fortress . After the end of the Thirty Years War, the Duke planned to rebuild and strengthen the Wolfenbüttel Fortress. Busch played a large part in this, so the fortifications Stadtgraben , the Duke's Gate and the Corneliusberg named after him were based on his plans. Busch was also significantly involved when Duke August expanded Wolfenbüttel in 1652 to include the new August city . The main bastion was named Cornelius Bastion after Busch . It was removed in 1838. In 1657, Busch died unexpectedly. He was buried on June 25, 1657. His grave is in the main church Beatae Mariae Virginis in Wolfenbüttel, which was completed during Busch's lifetime .

family

Busch's parents were the businessman Johann von dem Busch and Adriana Heinrichs. The family probably came from Herzogenbusch , usually called the Bosch in Dutch , in Brabant .

On May 14, 1644, Busch married the general daughter Elisabeth Natorp. The couple had eight children, two of whom died in childhood. Duke August was the godfather of the son August von dem Busch (1652-1722).

Nobility

Although there is no direct evidence of an ennoblement , Busch was addressed in his Swedish and Wolfenbüttler service times with the addition of the predicates noble , gestrenger and manly , as well as in his certificate of appointment as fortress commander of Wolfenbüttel with noble and fester , which in addition to the name already represented nobility titles . Later a coat of arms was added ( in a silver field in front of 3 trees an animal whose elongated body is reminiscent of a deer. ). After the descendants of Busch did not use the nobility titles, however, in 1881 Busch's direct descendants Ferdinand Arnold von dem Busch (1810–1890) and Johann Moritz von dem Busch (1818–1912) sought permission to officially use the nobility titles again . This was first recognized by Wilhelm Duke of Braunschweig , as well as by the Kingdom of Saxony in 1882 and by the Kingdom of Prussia in 1883 . Busch was thus considered the progenitor of the noble family Von dem Busch .

Works

  • Engraving & Etching: Map of Germany, listing the main battles of French and Swedish garrisons and a list of troop units , 10 sheets, published by Dümler, Nuremberg, 1648

literature

  • MA Overbeck, Princely Braunschweig-Lüneburg court preacher: Christian funeral sermon . Complete catalog of funeral sermons in German, Ducal Archive Wolfenbüttel , copy 1857
  • Hildegard Behr: Cornelius van den Busch from Holland, a Wolfenbüttel fortress commander , published in Norddeutsche Familienkunde , Volume 11, 26th year, Issue 2, April – June 1977

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Die Historische Zeitschrift , Verein für die Geschichte Westphalens (Ed.), 4th episode, Vol. 2
  2. ^ Gerhard Eimer : Carl Gustav Wrangel , Almqvist & Wiksell, 1961, pp. 73/74
  3. ↑ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , Bibliographisches Institut, 6th edition, 1905–1909, page 57.
  4. ^ Heinrich Bünting; Johannes Letzner ; Philipp Julius Rehtmeyer : Braunschweigisch-Lüneburgische Chroinka from 1722. Detleffsen Verlag, 1722
  5. ^ Karl Heinrich Georg Venturini : Handbook of the patriotic history for all estates of Braunschweig-Lüneburgscher country residents. Braunschweig, 1805–1809. Volume 3, page 452
  6. ↑ Johann Friedrich Pfeffinger: History of the Brunswick-Lüneburg house and the same families. König & Richter Verlag, Hamburg, 1734, Volume 2, Page 434
  7. ^ Friedrich Thöne: Wolfenbüttel - spirit and splendor of an old royal seat. F. Bruckmann, Munich, 1963, pages 98-99
  8. ↑ Karl Friedrich Bege : chronicle of the city Wolfenbüttel and its suburbs. Wolfenbüttel, 1839, pages 114–115 ( full text )
  9. ↑ See z. B. the titular book by Abraham Saur von Frankenberg: a new, unreadable form and a popular notary book. Nicolaus Bassee (publisher), Frankfurt a. M., 1580, page 71 ( full text )
  10. ↑ Moritz von dem Busch, Charlotte von dem Busch (née Freiin v. Küster) and Ulrich von Behr (ed.): Memories of the von dem Busch family , 1st edition, Hildesheim, 1893; 2nd edition, Stellichte, April 1989; Edited and supplemented edition, Hohenbellin, 2010
  11. ↑ Ducal document from the Secret Chancellery, Vienna, June 11, 1881
  12. ^ Royal Saxon Diploma of July 10, 1882
personal data
SURNAME Busch, Cornelius von dem
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German officer and engineer
DATE OF BIRTH 1616
PLACE OF BIRTH Utrecht in the Netherlands
DATE OF DEATH June 8, 1657
Place of death Wolfenbüttel