Crefeld class
 The Crefeld
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The Crefeld class was a series of four steamers operated by the North German Lloyd .
In 1895 the NDL put the ships of this class into service in South America. These ships built in Germany were similar in size to the Roland , Pfalz and Mark bought from Great Britain . In 1897 three more twin screw steamers of the Coblenz type followed . The last seven ships were also called Brazil steamers.
Technical specifications
The Crefeld class were two-masted single-screw ships that still carried yards when they were put into service. They were measured between 3829 and 3969 GRT and had a load capacity a little over 5000 tdw. With triple expansion engines of 2000 hp they reached a service speed of 11.5 knots and a top speed of 13 knots. They offered cabin space for 10 to 32 passengers of the second class and over 1000 tween deck spaces and sailed with a crew of 51 to 57 men.
Crefeld
The Crefeld was the type ship of the series and the first of two ships built by the Stettiner Vulcan . At 3829 GRT, she was 113.21 meters long and 13.30 meters wide and had 32 cabin seats. It was launched on March 23, 1895 and left for its maiden voyage from Bremen to Rio de Janeiro and Santos on May 11, 1895 .
On September 12, 1895 she went to New York for the first time and on September 10, 1896 to Baltimore . By March 13, 1902, she made a total of 19 round trips on the North Atlantic. In addition, there was a single round trip on April 19, 1902 to Galveston (Texas) , a total of 20 round trips on the North Atlantic in 67 months. In between, at the beginning of 1898, she transported the 300-man artillery command of the sailors' artillery with a battery of field guns to the new base in Tsingtau on the Chinese coast.
Before the end of her trips to the USA, the Crefeld was involved in the transport of the second squadron of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps from September 7, 1900 and then served as a hospital ship in China until October 1901.
The Crefeld remained in South American service until 1914. She served in 1914 under Captain Vieth as one of the supply ships of the small cruiser Karlsruhe , with which she met on August 31, coming from Rio de Janeiro at Las Rocas with 1000 tons of coal and food on board. On the further voyage, Crefeld provided the British coal steamer Farn with 7000 tons of coal, which the summoned Karlsruhe brought up. After her supplies had been used up, she was released on October 13 with 419 prisoners to Tenerife , where she arrived on October 22, 1914.
In October 1918, Crefeld was ceded to Spain, where it moved to España No. 4 was renamed and was used by the Transatlantica . In 1925 it was transferred to the Cia Trasmediterránea , which it renamed Teide and used on the line to Fernando Po, now Bioko , for 140 passengers. On June 10, 1932, she had an accident near Bata , Spanish Guinea, now Equatorial Guinea .
Aachen
The second ship of the class was the Aachen (3833 GRT), also built by AG Vulcan, Stettin , which was launched on April 5, 1895 and began its maiden voyage to Montevideo and Buenos Aires on June 15, 1895 in Bremen . On January 12, 1896, the Aachen was first deployed to New York and on November 9 of that year to Baltimore. Until June 17, 1897, she carried out twelve North Atlantic tours (in 18 months). From August 1897 she was deployed to South America again.
On July 31, 1900, the Aachen with parts of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps left for China and was used for troop transports until 1901. In 1904 she transported German troops to German South West Africa during the Herero uprising . Basically, however, the ship was used on the route to South America until 1914.
When war broke out, the Aachen was at home and was taken over by the Imperial Navy from October 14, 1914 as Sperrbrecher 10 . In May 1915 she became barrier breaker 1 . On July 30, 1915, she was sunk by the British submarine E1 at the position 57 ° 31 ' N , 19 ° 18' E between Libau and Gotland , with five dead.
Bonn
The other two ships in the series were delivered by Germaniawerft , Kiel. They were 112.75 m long and 13.28 m wide, measured about 100 GRT larger and had a little more load capacity, but fewer cabin spaces.
The Bonn (3969 GRT) was launched on January 25, 1895 and began her maiden voyage on September 7, 1895 from Bremen to Montevideo and Buenos Aires. She was deployed to New York for the first time on December 21, 1897, and her first trip to Baltimore followed on February 18, 1897. Her 13th and final North Atlantic tour (in 61 months) began on February 9, 1901 in Bremen to Baltimore.
After that, the Bonn remained in the South American service.
In 1913 the Bonn was sold to Jebsen & Diederichsen and renamed Gregor by the new owner .
On August 3, 1914, she was confiscated in Odessa and used as the Russian naval transporter N-20 from 1915 . In May 1918, the Gregor came back into German possession, but was confiscated by the French in December. On April 11, 1919, the ship ran aground off Odessa after the anchor chain broke. After salvage, she finally stranded as a total loss on February 11, 1920 in the rope of a British tug on the way from Odessa to Constantinople after the tow rope broke at Cap Shili on the Bosphorus .
Hall
On August 3, 1895, the hall (3960 GRT) was launched at the Germania shipyard in Kiel and began her maiden voyage from Bremen to Montevideo and Buenos Aires on November 2, 1895 as the last ship in the series. The hall was also used for the first time in New York on February 15, 1896 and for the first time in Baltimore on August 13, 1896. The total number of her North Atlantic voyages up to 1899 (?) Could not be determined. On July 27, 1900, the hall with the first parts of the East Asian Expeditionary Force left for China.
In 1913 she was sold with the sister ship Bonn to Jebsen & Diederichsen, Hamburg, and renamed Pawel .
In 1915 it was sold to the Dutch De Dortsche Stoomscheep Maats, Dordrecht , and was given the name Woudrichem . In March 1918 the ship was confiscated by the US authorities because of its involvement in the war and then handed over to Universal Transportation Co, New York. In 1921, Kennebec Steamship Co, New York, then D. Pace, Sons & Co, New York, bought the ship and named it Lloyd (4007 GRT). In March 1923 it was sold to Achille Lauro , Naples , and renamed Iris (3871 GRT) in Italy . After a change of ownership in Italy, the former hall was sold to Genoa for demolition in October 1925.
literature
- Noel RP Bonsor: North Atlantic Seaway. An illustrated History of the Passenger Services linking the old World with the new. Volume 2. Enlarged and completely revised edition. David & Charles et al., Newton Abbot et al. 1978, ISBN 0-905824-01-6 , p. 558.
- Noel RP Bonsor: South Atlantic Seaway. An Illustrated History of the Passenger Lines and Liners from Europe to Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. Brookside Publications, Jersey 1983, ISBN 0-905824-06-7 .
- Carl Herbert: War voyages of German merchant ships. Broschek & Co, Hamburg 1934.
- Arnold Kludas : The ships of the North German Lloyd. Volume 1: 1857 to 1919. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1991, ISBN 3-7822-0524-3 .
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping. Volume 2: Expansion on all seas 1890 to 1900. Ernst Kabel Verlag, Hamburg 1987, ISBN 3-8225-0038-0 ( writings of the German Maritime Museum 19).
Web links
Footnotes
- ↑ with picture of the Teide
- ↑ Extensive Spanish article with many pictures. Retrieved May 17, 2019 .