Dethard II of Rosdorf

Dethard II of Rosdorf ( nobilis vir Thethardus de Rostorp ) zu Hardegsen (* around 1268 at Hardegsen Castle; † 1327 ibid) was together with his brothers Conrad and Ludwig von Rosdorf Dominus (lord / count) of Harste , Hardegsen , Moringen and Rosdorf (until 1319), Lord of Esebeck , Gladebeck and Heslendal, advocate from Fredelsloh and Lord of the Banner .

family

Dethard belonged to the family association of the noble lords of Rosdorf, who named themselves from 1135 after their ancestral and official seat, the county of Rosdorf near Göttingen. His father, Ludwig II. Von Rosdorf , together with his brother Dethard I, between 1252 and 1266, in tough negotiations with the diocese of Paderborn, ensured that the two burgraves of Hardegsen and Moringen were transferred to the Rosdorfers through purchase, exchange and the release of pledges. The family, who originally lived at Rosdorf Castle, had resided at Hardegsen Castle since 1266. Dethard's mother is unknown. His stepmother was Gis (e) la von Adensen , married to his father Ludwig in his second marriage and the mother of Dethard's half-brothers. Dethard's younger half-brothers were Conrad and Ludwig von Rosdorf zu Hardegsen. His sisters of the same age were Jutta II and Walpurgis II von Rosdorf . Jutta married Count Otto III. from Lutterberg; Walpurgis Count Johann I of Wunstorf and Roden. Dethard's older brother Ludwig was archdeacon of Warburg and canon of Paderborn . Like his father, Dethard von Rosdorf was married twice. His first wife was Luitgard von Dorstadt from the Schladen family ; his second wife was Christine von Steinberg .

Life

Dethard von Rosdorf was first handed down in 1286 in a document from the Helmershausen monastery , in which the Wolf von Gudenberg brothers waived their right to tithe at Haversvörde. They did this on the express advice of their maternal uncles (avunculorum), Messrs. Conrad von Rosdorf and Ludwig II. Von Rosdorf . Among the witnesses "Thetardus filius Ludovici de Rostorp", that is, Dethard as the son of Ludwig II. Von Rosdorf.

On August 25, 1288, Dethard in Uslar witnessed the important pledging of Gieselwerder Castle to Count Otto von Eberstein by the Dukes Albrecht and Wilhelm von Braunschweig.

In 1294, together with his two brothers, he had to watch unconscious as the Göttingen vigilante, authorized by Duke Albrecht , forcibly took and destroyed the ancient allod of the family, Harste Castle .

At the end of the same year or at the beginning of 1295, Conrad, Dethard and Ludwig von Rosdorf had the Bishop of Paderborn, Count Otto von Rietberg , confirm that their father Ludwig and their uncle Dethard I. von Rosdorf had properly acquired Burg, Ort and Grafschaft Moringen had. The former Pagus Moringen came to Paderborn in 1013 through her ancestor Unwan , like the family property in Rosdorf through her ancestor Wirin (Warin).

On July 25, 1296, Dethard von Rosdorf sealed a contract between Heinrich Struz and the Fredelsloh monastery, to whom he sold half of his tithe in Edemissen. Struz married a cousin of Dethards from the Rosdorf line in Gladebeck, which is why he later called himself Struz von Gladebeck, like his descendants.

On July 10, 1297 Luchardis (Luitgard), wife of Noble Tethard (Dethard von Rosdorf), daughter of Noble Walther (Woltheri) von Dorstadt, renounced her rights to the village of Weferlingen (Wevelinge) in favor of Burchard, Archbishop of Magdeburg. In a Hildesheim document dated February 24, 1298, Luitgard, as Dethard's wife, gave her consent (uxoris domini Dithard de Rosdorpe), as her brothers, the noblemen Friedrich and Walter von Dorstadt, gave the Maria Magdalenen monastery 19 acres of family-owned land in Ottbergen gave away.

In 1299, Dethard von Rosdorf acted as a witness in Helmstedt in a document from the Brunswick dukes.

In May 1301 the brothers Dethard, Conrad and Ludwig von Rosdorf donated a courtyard and half a hoof to the Mariengarten monastery in Dramfeld , both of which had previously been used by the Rosdorf Church of St. Johannis.

On May 15, 1302 the noblemen Dethard, Konrad and Ludwig von Rostorf transferred property in Moringen and Holtensen to the Amelungsborn monastery. Dethard and Ludwig sealed, Konrad did not yet have his own seal.

On May 8, 1303, Dethard von Rosdorf was a witness in Heiligenstadt when Archbishop Gerhard von Mainz enfeoffed Conrad von Schöneberg with Castle and Grafschaft Schöneberg and Castle Trendelburg . On May 4, 1303, Count Otto von Rietberg, Bishop of Paderborn, confirmed at the special request of his relative, the nobleman Dethard von Rosdorf (nobilis vir), and his brothers Ludwig and Conrad that they had given the Amelungsborn monastery 3 hooves in Holtensen, which originally belonged to Paderborn, and they compensated the diocese for it with a curie and three hooves in Moringen.

When the brothers Hildebrand and Bernhard von Hardenberg - brothers-in-law of Friedrich von Rosdorf - and their cousins ​​the brothers Johann and Burkhard von Salder sold the Rosdorf tithe to Walkenried Monastery on January 24 and 27, 1304, they expressly required the permission and consent of Noblemen Friedrich von Rosdorf zu Hardenberg and Dethard von Rosdorf zu Hardegsen.

On June 29, 1305 the brothers Friedrich and Walter Edelherren von Dorstadt sold two farms and two Hufen in Hallendorf to the Michaeliskloster Hildesheim. Along with other relatives, Luitgardis von Rosdorf, as Walter's daughter and Dethard's wife, agreed to the sale. In addition, she needed the permission of her husband, who put his seal on the certificate. Although damaged, it has survived to this day.

On March 26, 1308, Dethard von Rosdorf (Dhethardus de Rostorph) declared himself ready to the Helmarshausen monastery to take its subjects in the area of ​​the entire Leinegau under its protection. This document proves that he was a banner master who had the necessary number of his own vassals (knights) to set up, equip and maintain them as a troop under his own banner. At the same time, his half-brothers Conrad and Ludwig, together with their relatives, the noblemen and counts of Hohenbüchen-Rössing, waged war against the Bishop of Hildesheim and the allied Duke of Braunschweig. The noble lords of Rosdorf were consequently able to maintain two armies of their own, i.e. banners, at the same time, which indicates that they had considerable resources. A small banner consisted of ten knights, next to the master of the banner; the great banner comprised 100 knights and were usually headed by counts or dukes.

The knights Bertold von Adelebsen (Adlevessen), Dethard von Rosdorf (Rostorp), Hildebrand von Hardenberg, Heidenreich called Struz von Gladebeck (Gladebeke) and squire Detmar von Adelebsen waived in 1308 for the death of noble Friedrich von Rosdorf in favor of Landgrave Heinrichs and his heirs to their castle Bischofshausen (Bischhausen). Also in 1308, Dethard von Rosdorf and his brothers Conrad and Ludwig acted as guarantors and trustees for their brother-in-law, Count Otto von Lutterberg (unse leve Swager), husband of their sister Jutta, when Count Otto swore the Count of Werningerode Urfehde and his brother-in-law from the House Rosdorf named as guarantor for his good intentions.

Looking at the documents from 1308 in context, it becomes clear what a high reputation, but also what power - financially and militarily - Dethard von Rosdorf zu Hardegsen and his younger brothers Conrad and Ludwig had at the beginning of the 14th century. To grant peace in the entire former Leinegau at the same time and, if necessary, to enforce it militarily, as well as to act as a peace guarantor for the counts by marriage in the Harz, requires some military power in the background, especially since Dethard's younger brothers at the same time at war with the sovereigns of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and the Diocese of Hildesheim were - two not completely harmless opponents. If Dethard von Rosdorf felt strong enough, if necessary, if his brother-in-law should break the peace treaty, to be able to wage a two-front war on a leash as in the Harz Mountains, that says a lot about his military strength at the time and his position within Saxony's nobility out.

When his fief taker , the Free Heinrich Scade, 4 Mansi in Rosdorf sold to monastery Walkenried, he needs for not only the consent of his feudal lord Dethard of Rosdorf, but also on his wife and children. The case was negotiated and sealed before Dethard's own court in front of Hardegsen Castle. Afterwards, a solemn confirmation took place at Bramburg Castle, which the then burgrave of the castle, Dethard's cousin, Heinrich von Bovenden, made. Heinrich von Bovenden again added the same amount of his own land to the sale. Therefore he needed the approval of his two cousins, the knights and noblemen "Dethardo de Hardegessen" and "Friderico de Rostorp". The fact that Dethard von Rosdorf himself appeared as Burgrave von und zu Hardegsen has not yet been documented. This document proves it.

On October 4th, 1308, the Archbishop of Mainz signed a contract with the brothers Heinrich and Lippold von Hanstein about Hanstein Castle . Friedrich and Dethard von Rostorf and their cousins ​​Hildebrand and Johann von Hardenberg acted as witnesses for the archbishop.

In 1311 Hohenbüchen Castle was destroyed by the united army of Bishop Heinrich von Hildesheim and Duke Otto von Lüneburg and Lord Bodo von Homburg. On Lippold von Hohenbüchen-Rössing's side, in addition to the city of Hanover, only the knight Ludwig von Engelbostel and the noble lords Conrad and Ludwig von Rosdorf with their banners of knights stood. As the nephew of Gertrud von Adensen, Lippold's second wife, they felt obliged to help, while their older half-brother, nobleman Dethard von Rosdorf, stayed out of the war. Presumably Dethard was the better strategist who could gauge the chances of success better.

On January 4, 1319, the city of Göttingen obtained the concession from Duke Otto von Braunschweig for 300 marks "soldering silver" to destroy the castle of the Lords of Rosdorf. Although the duke had allowed the Göttingen citizens and their army to destroy the castle of the Lords of Rosdorf in Rosdorf, Dethard von Rosdorf behaved like a monk. Instead of attacking the city of Göttingen and taking revenge or suing the Duke for damages, he behaved calmly as if nothing had happened. This contradicts the traditional Göttingen propaganda, which claims as the reason for the destruction that the people of Rosdorf constantly attacked the Göttingen people.

When Duke Otto confirmed their privileges in Northeim on April 29, 1319, i.e. less than three months after their Rosdorf Castle had been laid to rubble and ashes , the brothers Dethard and Conrad von Rosdorf (fratres dicti de Rostorp milites) belonged together her cousin, Burgrave of Bramburg, Heinrich von Bovenden, one of the Duke's top witnesses. Also on May 18, 1319, "Dominus Dhethardus et dominus Conradus fratres de Rostorp milites" together with their relatives "Heidenricus dictus Struz de Gladebeke" and "Dominus Henricus de Boventen" were the main witnesses when the city of Braunschweig swore allegiance to the Duke.

1321 gave Dethard of Rosdorf, his brothers and his son Bernhard the monastery Wiebrechtshausen a third of their assets in Luttringhausen, a third of all houses in the village and a Kothof .

When on March 4, 1323 the brothers Engelbert and Gerhard von Hardenberg waived various claims to the Amelungsborn monastery , they gave their consent and testified to the contract by "Hermanno de Plesse et Dethardo de Rostorp nobilibus et nos nobiles". Also in 1323 some members of the family of the Counts von Wunstorf and the brothers Dethard, Conrad and Ludwig von Rostorf, who were related by marriage to them, signed a mutual purchase agreement. Witnesses were Count Ludolf von Wunstorf, Count Burchard von Wölpe and Burgrave Heinrich von Stromberg.

In 1324, the mighty palace that Conrad, Dethard and Ludwig von Rosdorf had built from 1319, today's Muthaus at Hardegsen Castle, was finished. The following dedication is placed in one of the lintels: “Na God lö Bord dusend and trey one hundred in the most un twintigest jo düt Hus buwet by twen Riddrn Hern Cunrade ud Hern Lotewigen von Rostorp”. Because it was previously assumed that this inscription was already attached in 1324, historians assumed that Dethard von Rosdorf, who is not mentioned, had already died. The following documents, which prove that the inscription was only added in 1328, prove that this was not the case.

In December 1326 Jutta II von Rosdorf , Countess von Lutterberg died. As early as January 7, 1327, Count Otto von Lutterberg, as a widower, gave two parts of the tithe in Edingerode to the Walkenried Monastery so that an altar could be erected in memory of his wife Jutta. That was shortly after his wife died in late 1326. Count Otto was pledge holder of half of the village Gieboldehausen.

In October 1327 Dethard II von Rosdorf died, as a document for the Fredelsloh monastery proves, which is printed by Scheidt. Dethard's cousin, the knight Johann von Gladebeck, took over his place opposite the Fredelsloh monastery from a guarantee contract from 1324 as a surrogate.

Confusion was caused by a document from the Lamspringe monastery, handed down in the Hildesheim University Library, in which Hermann von Roden, i.e. Hermannus de Novali, a cousin of Dethard from the von Hardenberg house, who, because he was resident in Großenrode (= Novali), lived all his life Novali mentioned, in 1332, five years after Dethard's death, when selling a hoof to Holtensen, he used the seal of the deceased (apparently in the absence of his own).

Confirmation that Dethard von Rosdorf had actually died in 1327 is contained in the document of Burkhard von Steinberg, his still living brother-in-law, with whom he donated an altar in the Lamspringe monastery in 1335. For this he needed the approval of his sister, Christine von Steinberg, Dethard's widow "Christine, vidue Thethardi de Rostorpe", and from Kunigunde von Steinberg, wife of Bodos von Adelebsen. Christine von Steinberg used her deceased husband's seal again.

In contrast to his uncle, the nobleman Friedrich von Rosdorf , Dethard II von Rosdorf limited himself to preserving the property of his family, which had been considerably enlarged by his father and uncle. With the construction of the Muthaus zu Hardegsen, he erected, like his two half-brothers Conrad and Ludwig, an eternal stone monument that can still be admired today.

literature

• UB Hochstift Hildesheim Vol. 2/3
• Westf. UB Vol. IV / IX
• Konrad Barthold Behrens: Genealogical and partly historical presentation of the clock leap and continuation of some clock ages / Wohlgebohrner Hochadelichen houses, Hanover a. Wolfenbüttel; 1703
• Frederik D. Tunnat: The noble gentlemen from Rosdorf and their side branches, Berlin 2014
• Göttingen yearbook 1982, The Lords of Rosdorf
• Johann Wolf: The family of the noble lords of Rosdorf, 1812
• Christian Meiners, Brief History of Göttingen, 1801
• UB Bishops Verden
• Regesta Archiepiscopatus Magdeburgensis: from 1270 to 1305

Individual evidence

1. ↑ RIplus Regg. EB Mainz 2.1 n.2759 - Regesta Imperii Online
2. ^ Christian Meiners Brief History of Göttingen, 1801
3. ↑ Westf. UB IV., No. 2595 and No. 323 StA. Münster, Principality of Paderborn
4. ^ Regesta Archiepiscopatus magdeburgensis: From 1270 to 1305, No. 956 and 944
5. ↑ UB HoHI 2, No. 1171
6. ↑ StA Münster, Principality of Paderborn, Br. 370
7. ↑ UB HoHI 4, No. 1538
8. ↑ Westf. Urkundenbuch Br. 9, T. 1, No. 1973
9. ^ Staatsarchiv Marburg Kopiar 1, No. 45, Bl. 23, Grotefend-Rosenfeld, Landgrafenregesten
10. ↑ Chr. Meiners, Brief History of Göttingen, 1801
11. ↑ Document book of the bishops and the cathedral chapter of Verden
12. ↑ UB HoHI 4, No. 1275, June 18, 1332
13. ^ Konrad Barthold Behrens: Genealogical and partly historical presentation of the clock jump and continuation of some clock ages / Wohlgebohrner Hochadelichen houses , Hanover and Wolfenbüttel 1703